Pancreatic Cell News 7.47 November 29, 2016 | |
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TOP STORYHyperglycemia Induces Metabolic Dysfunction and Glycogen Accumulation in Pancreatic β-Cells Investigators showed that chronic hyperglycemia impairs glucose metabolism and alters expression of metabolic genes in pancreatic islets. In a mouse model of human neonatal diabetes, hyperglycemia results in marked glycogen accumulation, and increased apoptosis in β-cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)DIABETES & PANCREATITISScientists determined the role of Rac1 in cluster determinant 36 (CD36) activation and its impact on β-cell dysfunction in diabetes mellitus. They subjected INS-1 cells and human beta cells to high glucose conditions in the presence or absence of Rac1 inhibition either by Rac1 GTPase inhibitor or small interfering RNA. [Redox Biol] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Researchers report that the pancreatic β cell line MIN6 grown under a high-glucose condition did not undergo massive cell death but exhibited a glucose-stimulated insulin-secreting profile similar to that of immature β cells. [J Neuroendocrinol] Abstract PANCREATIC CANCERFOXO3 Is Essential for CD44 Expression in Pancreatic Cancer Cells Scientists report that cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) suppressed cancer stem cell (CSC) properties and the expression of CD44, a master regulator of CSC phenotype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells. By investigating the mechanism of the inhibitory effect of cGMP on CSCs, they revealed that Forkhead box O3 (FOXO3), a well-established tumor-suppresser gene, regulates CD44 expression and CSC properties. [Oncogene] Abstract The authors investigated whether epigenetic regulation might explain inter-individual differences in the progression of specific subtypes. DNA methylation profiling performed on cancer tissues prior to chemo/radiotherapy identified one hypermethylated CpG site in the VAV1 gene body that was correlated with demethylation of two promoter CpGs in both pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and peripheral blood. [Oncogene] Abstract Researchers investigated the expression of the extended SPARC family in the pancreas and provided a holistic analysis addressing their complexity in order to understand their role in pancreatic diseases. [Sci Rep] Full Article Autophagy Is Required for PDAC Glutamine Metabolism Scientists demonstrated that pancreatic cancer cells maintain intracellular levels of glutamine via two parallel pathways, including macropinocytosis-associated autophagy and a canonical glutamine transportation pathway. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists demonstrated that stromal fibroblasts contribute to the poor efficacy of histone deacetylase inhibitors in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi)-treated fibroblasts show increased biological aggressiveness and are characterized by increased secretion of pro-inflammatory tumor-supportive cytokines and chemokines. [Oncotarget] Full Article Investigators studied the migration, invasion and filopodia formation in two different pancreatic adenocarcinoma cell lines, HPAC and PANC-1 deficient in adenylyl cyclase (AC)1 or AC3. They found that AC3, upon stimulation with forskolin, enhanced cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels and inhibited cell migration and invasion. [Mol Carcinog] Abstract The authors evaluated the efficacy of AR-42, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor currently in clinical trials, in suppressing tumor growth and/or cancer-induced muscle wasting in murine models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. [Neoplasia] Full Article To ascertain the impact of postnatal activation of WNT-stimulated signaling pathways in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) development, scientists combined the Elastase-tva-based RCAS-TVA pancreatic cancer model with the established LSL-KrasG12D, Ptf1a-cre model. [Neoplasia] Full Article | |
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REVIEWSThe authors illustrate recent advances on how KRAS is regulated in pancreatic cancer cells, focusing on the formation of G4 structures in the KRAS promoter and their interaction with hnRNP A1. The newly discovered KRAS-ILK-hnRNP A1 regulatory loop is discussed, emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic target for PDAC-specific molecules. [BBA-Gen Subjects] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the pancreatic cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSMabVax Therapeutics Holdings, Inc. reported that the first patients have been treated with MVT-5873, the company’s therapeutic antibody, in combination with a standard of care chemotherapy in a previously untreated pancreatic cancer patient population. [MabVax Therapeutics Holdings, Inc.] Press Release Araim Pharmaceuticals announced that the European Commission (EC) has granted Orphan Medicinal Product designation in the European Union to the company’s lead product candidate, Innate Repair Receptor activator ARA 290, for prevention of graft loss in pancreatic islet transplantation. The EC’s approval follows a positive opinion in July from the European Medicine Agency’s Committee for Orphan Medicinal Products. [Araim Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release Biologist Awarded Diabetes Research Prize for Studies of Fat Cells Columbia University has awarded the 2016 Naomi Berrie Award for Outstanding Achievement in Diabetes Research to Peter Arner, MD, PhD, a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Medicine at the Karolinska Institute, whose studies on the turnover of fat tissue in the human body has revealed processes that contribute to obesity and diabetes. The Naomi Berrie Award for Outstanding Achievement in Diabetes Research includes an award of $130,000 that is used by the recipient to support a junior investigator in his or her laboratory for two years. [Columbia University] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSDear Scientists: Our Government Needs You Trump doesn’t have a record on many science issues, and he’s flip flopped on topics like climate change where he does. We need more scientific expertise in the policy-making process. One thing that’s certain is that it’s important to come together in the science community and work to be better communicators. Scientists and engineers should run for elected office in local and national politics. [Scientific American] Editorial Science Europe Lobby Group Hit by Sudden Exodus Influential research organizations are pulling out of Science Europe, the Brussels-based advocacy group that aims to champion researchers’ interests with European Union policymakers. All but one of France’s research-funding organizations are preparing to leave the group at the end of this year — including Europe’s largest basic-research agency, the CNRS, which controls an annual budget of €3.3 billion. [Nature News] Editorial Congress Poised to Pass Sweeping Biomedical Innovation Bill Congress is poised to approve a massive piece of legislation that would provide the National Institutes of Health with $4.8 billion over the next decade for a set of research initiatives, including brain and cancer research and efforts to develop so-called precision medicine treatments that are tailored to an individual’s genetic makeup. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Spanish Military Flies Lab Animals to Canary Islands after Airlines Refuse to Take Them on Board Twenty-nine transgenic mice that two Spanish airlines had refused to transport hitched a ride to the Canary Islands on a military plane and are now at their final destination, the University of La Laguna on Tenerife in Spain. The mice, bred in the United States, had been stranded in Madrid for two months because Iberia and Air Europa have stopped shipping laboratory animals. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Stem Cell Summit Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Senior Scientist – Pancreatic Cell Research (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Pancreatic Cancer (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology) NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Diabetes Research (Karolinska Institutet) NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Hyperglycemia and the Pancreatic Beta-Cell (University of Oxford) Assistant Professor – Molecular Therapeutics (Dartmouth College / Geisel School of Medicine) Postdoctoral Research Associate – Structural Biology (Arizona State University) Faculty Position – Cancer Immunology (University of New Mexico) Assistant Professor – Cancer Cell Biology (North Dakota State University) Postdoctoral Position – Diabetes Research (Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences) Postdoctoral Researcher – Type II Diabetes and Islet Biology (Lund University) Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer and Immunometabolism (The University of Michigan) Postdoctoral Position – Immunology of Diabetes (INSERM) Vice President – Pancreatic Cancer Disease Lead (Celgene Corporation) Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Pancreas Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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Home Pancreatic Cell News Volume 7.47 | Nov 29 2016