Muscle Cell News 1.26 September 26, 2016 | |
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TOP STORYThe authors showed that patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) generated from left ventricular non-compaction patients carrying a mutation in the cardiac transcription factor TBX20 recapitulate a key aspect of the pathological phenotype at the single-cell level and this was associated with perturbed transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract | Press Release | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)CARDIAC MUSCLE CELLSResearchers showed that the BTB domain-containing zinc finger protein CIBZ is expressed in mouse ESCs but is dramatically downregulated during ESC differentiation. CIBZ deletion in ESCs induced specification toward mesoderm phenotypes and their differentiation into cardiomyocytes, whereas overexpression of CIBZ delayed these processes. [Sci Rep] Full Article Sarcolemmal α2-Adrenoceptors Control Protective Cardiomyocyte-Delimited Sympathoadrenal Response Patch-clamp measurements and serine/threonine phosphatase assay revealed that, in isolated rat cardiomyocytes, activation of α2 adrenoceptors suppressed L-type Ca2+ current via stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis and protein kinase G-dependent activation of phosphatase reactions, counteracting isoproterenol-induced β-adrenergic activation. [J Mol Cell Cardiol] Abstract To study the role of HCLS1-associated protein X-1 (Hax1) upon ER stress induction, Hax1 was overexpressed in cardiac cells subjected to ER stress, and cell death parameters as well as mitochondrial alterations were examined. Results demonstrated that the Hax1 is significantly downregulated in cardiac cells upon ER stress induction. [Apoptosis] Abstract The authors demonstrated a new mechanism through which anthocyanin protects cardiomyoblast cells against doxorubicin-induced injury. They found that anthocyanin decreased insulin-like growth factor II receptor (IGF-IIR) expression via estrogen receptors and stabilized heat shock factor 1 (HSF1) to inhibit caspase 3 activation and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Researchers aimed to clarify the mechanism by which an exogenous atrial natriuretic peptide exerts cardioprotective effects during heart failure (HF). Cardiomyocytes were isolated from the left ventricles of a canine tachycardia-induced HF model and sham-operated vehicle controls. The degree of mitochondrial oxidized DNA was evaluated by double immunohistochemical staining using an anti-VDAC antibody for the mitochondria and an anti-8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine antibody for oxidized DNA. [PLoS One] Full Article Hyperoxia Induces Inflammation and Cytotoxicity in Human Adult Cardiac Myocytes The authors hypothesized that excessive O2 levels (hyperoxia) can directly injure human adult cardiac myocytes (HACMs). HACMs obtained from the explanted hearts of transplantation patients were exposed to constant hyperoxia, intermittent hyperoxia, constant normoxia, or constant mild hypoxia using a bioreactor. [Shock] Abstract Researchers aimed to investigate the functional role of vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) in the cardiomyocyte differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, and to elucidate the potential molecular mechanisms. [Cardiovasc Ther] Abstract SKELETAL MUSCLE CELLSResearchers investigated the impact of conditioned medium obtained from human palatine tonsil-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the interaction between skeletal muscle cells stimulated with palmitic acid (PA) and fibroblasts. They found that PA-treated skeletal muscle cells actively secreted interleukin-1β and augmented the migration, proliferation and expression of fibronectin in L929 fibroblasts. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Direct Reprogramming of Urine-Derived Cells with Inducible MyoD for Modeling Human Muscle Disease Researchers demonstrated that direct reprogramming of urine-derived cells is a highly efficient and reproducible process that can be used to establish human myogenic cells. They showed that this method can be applied to urine cells derived from normal individuals as well as those with muscle diseases. Furthermore, they showed that urine-derived cells can be edited using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. [Skelet Muscle] Full Article SMOOTH MUSCLE CELLSThe authors investigated the effects of plasminogen activator inhibitor-039, a specific plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 inhibitor, on smooth muscle cells and endothelial cell migration in vitro and vascular remodeling in vivo. [Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol] Abstract Polo-Like Kinase 1 Regulates Vimentin Phosphorylation at Ser-56 and Contraction in Smooth Muscle Stimulation with acetylcholine induced Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) phosphorylation at Thr-210 (an indication of Plk1 activation) in smooth muscle. Contractile stimulation also activated Plk1 in live smooth muscle cells as evidenced by changes in fluorescence resonance energy transfer signal of a Plk1 sensor. [J Biol Chem] Full Article Role of CaMKII in Ang-II-Dependent Small Artery Remodeling The multifunctional calcium-calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) is activated by angiotensin-II (Ang-II) and regulates Erk1/2 and Akt-dependent signaling in cultured smooth muscle cells in vitro. Its role in Ang-II-dependent vascular remodeling in vivo is far less defined. Using a model of transgenic CaMKII inhibition selectively in smooth muscle cells, the authors found that CaMKII inhibition exaggerated remodeling after chronic Ang-II treatment and agonist-dependent vasoconstriction in second-order mesenteric arteries. [Vascul Pharmacol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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REVIEWSRGTA-Based Matrix Therapy – A New Branch of Regenerative Medicine in Locomotion In models of muscle injury, ReGeneraTing Agents (RGTAs) had marked effects on healing speed and quality, evidenced by increased muscle fiber density, maturation, vascularization and reduced fibrosis, more mature motor endplates and functional recovery. Applications merging RGTA-based matrix therapy and cell therapy, combining extra-cellular matrix reconstruction with cells required for optimal tissue repair show significant promise. [Joint Bone Spine] Abstract A comprehensive systematic review was performed to explore and analyze the current evidence on the association between Amphetamine Type Stimulants (ATS) exposure and development of cardiomyopathy, biological mechanisms involved in pathogenesis of ATSAC, risk factors, clinical features and course of patients with ATSAC. [Cardiovasc Toxicol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the muscle cell research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSFDA Grants Accelerated Approval to First Drug for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Exondys 51 (eteplirsen) injection, the first drug approved to treat patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Exondys 51 is specifically indicated for patients who have a confirmed mutation of the dystrophin gene amenable to exon 51 skipping, which affects about 13 percent of the population with DMD. [The U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Editorial Faraday Pharmaceuticals Announces First-In-Human Trial of FDY-5301 Faraday Pharmaceuticals announced the start of a Phase I clinical trial evaluating its lead compound FDY-5301. Preclinical data have demonstrated the ability of FDY-5301 to diminish reperfusion injury in both cardiac and skeletal muscle in a range of different animal models and in multiple species. [Faraday Pharmaceuticals (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSFour Men and Two Women are Running for the Top Slot at the World Health Organization The World Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland, unveiled the names of the six candidates who are vying to succeed Margaret Chan as director-general. [Science Insider] Editorial Worldwide Brain-Mapping Project Sparks Excitement — and Concern In recent years, brain-mapping initiatives have been popping up around the world. They have different goals and areas of expertise, but now researchers will attempt to apply their collective knowledge in a global push to more fully understand the brain. [Nature News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW 4th World Congress on Controversies, Debates and Consensus in Bone, Muscle NEW Global Forum on Transplantation Research and Technologies Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNational Field Product Service Specialist (Cook MyoSite) Research and Development Specialist- Muscle Stem Cell (Nestlé Institute of Health Sciences) Faculty Position – Biomedical Metabolomics and Metabolism (University of Ottawa) Postdoctoral Position – Lipid Metabolism (Baylor College of Medicine) Project Scientist – Muscle Metabolism (University of California, Berkeley) Chair – Medical Biology (Masaryk University) Faculty Positions – Cell and Molecular Physiology (Loyola University Chicago) Faculty Positions – Genetics and Genomics (Boston University) Research Technician – Muscle Growth and Wasting (Howard Hughes Medical Institute) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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Home Muscle Cell News Volume 1.26 | Sep 26 2016