Pulmonary Cell News Volume 3.13 | Apr 10 2014

Mycobacterium bovis BCG Triggered MyD88 Induces miR-124 Feedback Negatively Regulates Immune Response in Alveolar Epithelial Cells
Scientists showed that microRNA (miR)-124 expression is induced upon Mycobacterium bovis Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) infection in A549 alveolar epithelial cells and murine lungs. miR-124 is able to modulate Toll-like receptor signaling in A459 cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Rhinovirus-16 Induced Release of IP-10 and IL-8 Is Augmented by Th2 Cytokines in a Pediatric Bronchial Epithelial Cell Model
In atopic asthma, enhanced expression of Th2 cytokines is observed and scientists postulated that Th2 cytokines may augment the effects of rhinovirus-induced inflammation. Primary bronchial epithelial cell cultures from pediatric subjects were treated with Th2 cytokines for 24 hours before infection with RV16. [PLoS One]
Full Article

Toll Like Receptor-3 Priming Alters Diesel Exhaust Particle-Induced Cytokine Responses in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells
To assess whether and how preexisting inflammation may sensitize lung cells towards additional proinflammatory effects of particulate matter, human bronchial epithelial cells were primed with the highly proinflammatory Toll-like receptor 3 ligand, Poly I:C, prior to exposure with diesel exhaust particles. [Toxicol Lett] Abstract

Paeoniflorin Upregulates ß-Defensin-2 Expression in Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells through the p38 MAPK, ERK, and NF-?B Signaling Pathways
Researchers determined whether or not paeoniflorin can regulate the expression of human ß-defensin-2 and its possible molecular mechanism in human bronchial epithelial cells. [Inflammation] Abstract

Preconditioning Effects of Physiological Cyclic Stretch on Pathologically Mechanical Stretch-Induced Alveolar Epithelial Cell Apoptosis and Barrier Dysfunction
Scientists investigated the effects of preconditioning of physiological cyclic stretch on the alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis induced by pathologically mechanical stretch and barrier dysfunction and how these effects are linked to differential expression of small GTPases Rac and Rho mRNA. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

LUNG CANCER

Orally Active Microtubule-Targeting Agent, MPT0B271, for the Treatment of Human Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, Alone and in Combination with Erlotinib
Researchers demonstrated that MPT0B271 in combination with erlotinib significantly inhibits the growth of the human non-small cell lung cancer A549 cells as compared with erlotinib treatment alone, both in vitro and in vivo. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Nickel Accumulation in Lung Tissues Is Associated with Increased Risk of p53 Mutation in Lung Cancer Patients
To determine whether nickel affected DNA repair capacity, scientists conducted a host cell reactivation assay in A549 and H1975 lung cancer cells and showed that the DNA repair activity was reduced by nickel chloride in a dose-dependent manner. [Environ Mol Mutagen] Abstract

FN14 Expression Correlates with MET in NSCLC and Promotes MET-Driven Cell Invasion
Scientists showed that hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR/MET) and fibroblast growth factor-inducible 14 (FN14) protein expressions are significantly correlated in human primary non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumors, and the protein levels of MET and FN14 are elevated in metastatic lesions relative to patient-matched primary tumors. In vitro, HGF/MET activation significantly enhances FN14 mRNA and protein expression. [Clin Exp Metastasis] Abstract | Press Release

MMP9 Activation Triggered by Epidermal Growth Factor Induced FoxO1 Nuclear Exclusion in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Researchers used a human non-small cell lung cancer line, A549, to examine whether there is a causal link between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and matrix metallopeptidase 9 (MMP9) activation. They found that EGF-induced activation of EGFR in A549 cells activated MMP9, resulting in an increase in cancer invasiveness. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

Regulatory Effects of Siegesbeckia glabrescens on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Proliferation and Invasion
Scientists examined the effects and molecular mechanism of the ethanol extract of Siegesbeckia glabrescens (SG) on cell proliferation and invasion in p53 wild-type A549 and p53-deficient H1299 non-small cell lung cancer cells. SG treatment markedly inhibited the proliferation and invasion in both cell lines, independently of p53 expression. [Am J Chin Med] Abstract

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EMD Serono Announces Initiation of Phase III START2 Study with Tecemotide in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
EMD Serono, Inc. announced the initiation of the international Phase III START2 study, which is designed to assess the efficacy and safety of its investigational MUC1 antigen-specific cancer immunotherapy tecemotide in patients with unresectable, locally advanced Stage III non-small cell lung cancer. [EMD Serono, Inc.]
Press Release

National Institutes of Health (United States)

Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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Postdoctoral Research Associate – Extracellular Microenvironment in Cancer (Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool)

Visiting Scientist/Postdoctoral Researcher – Lung and Vascular Biology (University of Kentucky)

Postdoctoral Opportunity – Mucins, Mucus and Mucociliary Interactions in the Lung (AstraZeneca)

PhD Student – Lung Development (Erasmus MC)

Postdoctoral Positions – Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (São Paulo Research Foundation)

Research Project Leader – Next Generation Lung Cancer Diagnostics (BIOBASE)

Director of GMP/GLP Quality Operations (University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Pulmonary Research (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Novel Therapeutic Approaches to the Treatment of Lung Cancer (Sloan Kettering Institute)

Research Associate – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Pluripotent Stem Cells (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – Particle Chemistry (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technologist – PSC Biology and Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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