Human Immunology News 8.05 February 11, 2020 | |
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TOP STORYScientists constructed a detailed, high-resolution atlas of cell populations, and assessed variability in cell composition and cell-specific gene expression in the skin of atopic dermatitis (AD) patients versus controls. They performed single-cell RNA-sequencing on skin biopsies from five patients with AD and seven healthy control subjects, using 10x Genomics. [J Allergy Clin Immunol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Epigenetic Driver Mutations in ARID1A Shape Cancer Immune Phenotype and Immunotherapy Researchers demonstrated that ARID1A aberrations resulted in limited chromatin accessibility to interferon (IFN) responsive genes, caused impaired IFN-gene expression, anemic T cell tumor infiltration, poor tumor immunity, and shortened host survival in many human cancer histologies as well as in murine cancer models. [J Clin Invest] Abstract | Full Article | Graphical Abstract Immunological History Governs Human Stem Cell Memory CD4 Heterogeneity via the Wnt Signaling Pathway Using single cells RNA sequencing and high-dimensional flow cytometry, investigators demonstrated that stem cell memory T lymphocyte (TSCM) heterogeneity resulted from differential engagement of Wnt signaling. In humans, aging is associated with the coupled loss of Wnt/β-catenin signature in CD4 TSCM and systemic increase in the levels of Dickkopf-related protein 1, a natural inhibitor of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. [Nat Commun] Full Article Sexual-Dimorphism in Human Immune System Aging The authors characterized peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 172 healthy adults 22-93 years of age using ATAC-seq, RNA-seq, and flow cytometry. These data revealed a shared epigenomic signature of aging including declining naïve T cell and increasing monocyte and cytotoxic cell functions. [Nat Commun] Full Article Human FC Receptor-Like 3 Inhibits Regulatory T Cell Function and Binds Secretory IgA Researchers discovered that human Fc receptor-like 3 (FCRL3) stimulation of regulatory T cells inhibited their suppressive function. Moreover, FCRL3 stimulation induced IL-17, IL-26, and IFNγ production and promoted expression of the Th17-defining transcription factor RORγt without affecting FOXP3 expression. They suggest that FCRL3 engagement mediated a transition of regulatory T cells to a pro-inflammatory Th17-like phenotype. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract Whole blood collected from each participant was incubated for 18 hours with and without two microbial stimulants using TruCulture technology to evaluate immune cell activity. Following incubation, supernatants were preserved and analyzed for protein concentrations. [Nanotoxicology] Abstract Investigators showed that the inhibitory receptor Siglec-7 was expressed by primary neoplastic mast cells in patients with systemic mastocytosis and by mast cell leukemia cell lines. Activation of Siglec-7 by anti-Siglec-7 monoclonal antibody caused phosphorylation of Src homology region 2 domain-containing phosphatase-1, reduced phosphorylation of KIT and induced growth inhibition in mast cell lines. [Pharmacol Res] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Cell Death Induced by Dorsomorphin in Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma Is AMPK-Independent The authors assessed the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in primary adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cells and the effects of dorsomorphin, an AMPK inhibitor, on primary ATL cells and HTLV‐1‐infected T-cell lines. AMPK expression in acute and chronic ATL patients was significantly higher than in asymptomatic human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 carriers and healthy donors. [FEBS J] Abstract Scientists retrospectively and serially analyzed peripheral blood CD8+ and CD4+ T cell subsets and monitored for the development of de novo donor-specific antibody (DSA) in kidney transplant recipients during the first year post-transplant. They report results on 95 first-time human kidney transplant recipients with one year follow-up. [Transplantation] Abstract Researchers describe the first liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry method to quantify the pharmacologically active fraction of polyclonal anti-human thymocyte globulin (ATG) in plasma. This was achieved through immunoaffinity purification of active ATG from plasma with Jurkat T cells. [AAPS J] Full Article Subscribe to our sister publications: Immunology of Infectious Disease News & Immune Regulation News. | |
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REVIEWSCD8+ T Cell States in Human Cancer: Insights from Single-Cell Analysis Investigators cover current knowledge of the T cell states that are present in human tumors and the role that different T cell populations have been hypothesized to play within the tumor microenvironment, with a particular focus on CD8+ T cells. [Nat Rev Cancer] Abstract Immune Cell Regulation of Glia During CNS Injury and Disease Recent evidence suggests that microglia, which are also the brain’s major resident immune cells, provide disease-modifying regulation of the other major glial populations, namely astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. In addition, peripheral immune cells entering the CNS after injury and in disease may directly affect microglial, astrocyte and oligodendrocyte function, suggesting an integrated network of immune cell–glial cell communication. [Nat Rev Neurosci] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the human immunology research field. | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSCan-Fite BioPharma Ltd. announced it has completed enrollment of approximately 50% of the 525 patients planned for its Phase III ACRobat™ trial to evaluate its drug candidate Piclidenoson as a first-line treatment for rheumatoid arthritis. [Can-Fite BioPharma Ltd.] Press Release SELLAS Life Sciences Group, Inc. announced the enrollment of the first patient in an investigator-sponsored clinical trial of its Wilms tumor-1-targeting peptide immunotherapeutic agent, GPS, in combination with Bristol-Myers Squibb’s anti-PD-1 therapy, nivolumab, in patients with MPM. [SELLAS Life Sciences Group, Inc.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSTrump’s 2021 Budget Drowns Science Agencies in Red Ink, Again It’s another sea of red ink for federal research funding programs in President Donald Trump’s latest budget proposal. The 2021 budget request to Congress released February 10th calls for deep, often double-digit cuts to R&D spending at major science agencies. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Major Cancer Institute Sued by Its Own Researchers over ‘Tapering’ Funding Alleging that a leading cancer funder is slashing their support in an “unethical and reckless” way, six prominent cancer researchers at the University of California, San Diego, have filed a lawsuit to compel it to continue its current level of support. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Plasma Cell Development (Western Michigan University) Scientist – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Research Associate – Human Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Research Associate – Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.) Postdoctoral Fellow – T and B Cells in Celiac Disease (University of Oslo) Professorship – Antimicrobial Resistance (University Hospital of Cologne) Research Scientist – Immuno-Oncology (Ervaxx) Chief – Division of Immunology (Boston Children’s Hospital) Research Assistant Professor – Immunology (The University of Chicago) Postdoctoral Fellow – Immune Defense and HIV (Massachusetts General Hospital) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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