Intestinal Cell News Volume 5.26 | Jul 19 2019

TOP STORY

Gene Expression Profiles of CMS2-Epithelial/Canonical Colorectal Cancers Are Largely Driven by DNA Copy Number Gains

Genome-wide, copy number driven gene expression was enriched for pathways characteristic of the consensus molecular subtypes (CMS)2-epithelial/canonical subtype, including DNA repair and cell cycle progression. Furthermore, 50% of upregulated genes in CMS2-epithelial/canonical microsatellite stable colorectal cancers were driven by copy number aberrations (CNAs), an enrichment compared with the other CMS groups, and associated with the stronger correspondence between CNAs and gene expression in malignant epithelial cells than in the cells of the tumor microenvironment. [Oncogene] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Signaling Involving MET and FAK Supports Cell Division Independent of the Activity of the Cell Cycle-Regulating CDK4/6 Kinases

Researchers report that signaling engaging the MET proto-oncogene receptor tyrosine kinase/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) axis led to CDK4/6-independent CDK2 activation, involving as critical mechanistic events loss of the CDKI p21CIP1 and gain of its regulator, the ubiquitin ligase subunit SKP2. [Oncogene] Full Article

Heterogeneous Nuclear Ribonucleoprotein L Facilitates Recruitment of 53BP1 and BRCA1 at the DNA Break Sites Induced by Oxaliplatin in Colorectal Cancer

Investigators observed that knockdown of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein L (hnRNP L) enhanced the level of DNA breakage and sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells to oxaliplatin. The expression of key DNA repair factors was unaffected by hnRNP L knockdown, thereby excluding the likelihood of hnRNP L mediation via mRNA regulation. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Vitamin D Differentially Regulates Colon Stem Cells in Patient-Derived Normal and Tumor Organoids

Scientists showed by immunohistochemistry and RNAscope in situ hybridization that vitamin D receptor was unexpectedly expressed in LGR5⁺ colon stem cells in human tissue and in normal and tumor organoid cultures generated from patient biopsies. Normal and tumor organoids responded differentially to calcitriol with profound and contrasting changes in their transcriptomic profiles. [FEBS J] Abstract

MicroRNA-204-3p Represses Colon Cancer Cells Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion by Targeting HMGA2

MiR-204-3p expression level in colon cancer tissues and diverse colon cancer cell lines were tested by the quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Impacts of miR-204-3p on cell growth, migration, invasion, and their associated factors were explored through assessment of CCK-8, flow cytometry, Transwell, and western blot, respectively. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

HnRNPA1 Interacts with G-Quadruplex in the TRA2B Promoter and Stimulates Its Transcription in Human Colon Cancer Cells

Minigene assays revealed that heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP)A1 facilitated inclusion of exon 2, whereas hnRNPU promoted its skipping. However, knockdown of hnRNPA1 or hnRNPU reduced both transformer 2β1 (TRA2β1) and TRA2β4 levels, and overexpression of these hnRNPs increased levels of both isoforms, suggesting that hnRNPA1 and hnRNPU mainly regulate the transcription of TRA2B. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Self-Organized Intestinal Epithelial Monolayers in Crypt and Villus-Like Domains Show Effective Barrier Function

Epithelial monolayer spreading was driven by the substrate stiffness, while tissue barrier function was achieved by the basolateral delivery of medium enriched with stem cell niche and myofibroblast-derived factors. These monolayers contained major intestinal epithelial cell types organized into proliferating crypt-like domains and differentiated villus-like regions, closely resembling the in vivo cell distribution. [Sci Rep] Full Article

β-Catenin/TCF4 Complex-Mediated Induction of the NRF3 (NFE2L3) Gene in Cancer Cells

Scientists confirmed high NRF3 mRNA expression in human colon cancer specimens. The genome database indicated that the human NRF3 gene possesses a species-conserved WRE sequence, implying that the β-catenin/TCF complex activates NRF3 expression in colon cancer. [Int J Mol Sci] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

MicroRNA-4268 Inhibits Cell Proliferation via AKT/JNK Signalling Pathways by Targeting Rab6B in Human Gastric Cancer

The overexpression of miR-4268 inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and the cell cycle G1/S phase transition, and induced cell apoptosis. In contrast, inhibition of miR-4268 promoted cell proliferation and G1-S transition, and suppressed cell apoptosis. [Cancer Gene Ther] Abstract

Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Pulmonary Cell News & ESC & iPSC News.

The Gut Microbiota at the Intersection of Bile Acids and Intestinal Carcinogenesis: An Old Story, Yet Mesmerizing

About trillions of bacteria inhabit in the human gut and maintain the balance of host metabolism. Bile acids are one of numerous metabolites that are synthesized in the liver and further metabolized by the gut microbiota, and are essential in maintaining the normal gut microbiota and lipid digestion. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

Roles of Exosomes in Metastatic Colon Cancer

The authors describe recent findings on the role of exosomes in cancer metastasis formation, particularly in colorectal cancer. They also discuss the potential therapeutic value of these vesicles in metastatic cancer. [Am J Physiol Cell Physiol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Propanc Biopharma Provides Update on Preparation of PRP for Clinical Trial Application Submission

Propanc Biopharma, Inc. announced an update on Propanc’s preparation of PRP, its anti-cancer lead product candidate, for clinical trial application submission and its recently completed reverse stock split. [Propanc Biopharma, Inc.] Press Release

Dr. Caroline Lindemans explains her work on intestinal repair following injury in graft versus host disease. Listen Now

Mystery Surrounds Ouster of Chinese Researchers from Canadian Laboratory

Canadian researchers are reacting with puzzlement to the news that a “policy breach” has caused the nation’s only high-containment disease laboratory to bar a prominent Chinese Canadian virologist, her biologist husband, and a number of students from the facility. [ScienceMagazine] Editorial

The Plan to Mine the World’s Research Papers

Carl Malamud is on a crusade to liberate information locked up behind paywalls — and his campaigns have scored many victories. Now, the 60-year-old American technologist is turning his sights on a new objective: freeing paywalled scientific literature. And he thinks he has a legal way to do it. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Crohn’s and Colitis Canada: Meeting of the Minds
November 15-16, 2019
Toronto, Ontario, Canada

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Researchers – Microbiota in Neonatal Immunity and Imprinting (Institut Pasteur)

Research Technologist – Intestinal Stem Cell Biology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Technician – Mucosal Immunology (German Research Center for Environmental Health)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Microbiome Interactions in IBD (Quadram Institute Bioscience)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Single Cell Genomics of IBD (Wellcome Sanger Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cancer Biology (Ninewells Hospital and Medical School)

Principal Researcher – Systems Disease Biology (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Research Lab Specialist – Tumor Microenvironment & Cell Behavior (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Research – Lipoproteins in IBD (University of Connecticut)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunometabolism of IBD (Luxembourg Institute of Health)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Mucosal Immunology and Inflammation (Gilead Sciences, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Paneth Cells (Erasmus MC Cancer Institute)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

Have we missed an important article or publication in Intestinal Cell News? Click here to submit!

Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here.