Intestinal Cell News Volume 5.47 | Dec 13 2019

TOP STORY

Interleukin-22 Orchestrates a Pathological Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Response Transcriptional Programe in Colonic Epithelial Cells

To investigate the functional role of IL22 in chronic colitis and how it regulates colonic epithelial cells, researchers employed a three-dimentional mini-gut epithelial organoid system, in vivo disease models and transcriptomic datasets in human IBD. [Gut] Full Article

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DeSUMOylase SENP7-Mediated Epithelial Signaling Triggers Intestinal Inflammation via Expansion of Gamma-Delta T Cells

The authors identified a link between epithelial deSUMOylases and inflammation in IBD. DeSUMOylase SENP7 was seen to be upregulated specifically in intestinal epithelial cells in both human IBD and a mouse model. In steady state, but not IBD, SENP7 expression was negatively regulated by a direct interaction and ubiquitination by SIAH2. [Cell Rep] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

A Systematic Comparison of Label-Free, SILAC and TMT Techniques to Study Early Adaption Towards Inhibition of EGFR Signaling in the Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Difi

On the protein level, investigators observed only little regulation upon cetuximab treatment, whereas a great fraction of p-sites was significantly regulated. These dynamics represented an initial downregulation of the MAPK pathway, which was partially rescued as soon as 24 hours after treatment. [J Proteome Res] Abstract

Dietary Delphinidin Inhibits Human Colorectal Cancer Metastasis Associating with Upregulation of miR-204-3p and Suppression of the Integrin/FAK Axis

Researchers investigated the anti-cancer activity of delphinidin in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The effects of delphinidin on the viability, metastatic characteristics, signaling, and microRNA (miR) profile of human CRC cell lines used were analyzed. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Co-Occurrence of DON and Emerging Mycotoxins in Worldwide Finished Pig Feed and Their Combined Toxicity in Intestinal Cells

The individual and combined toxicity of deoxynivalenol (DON) and the 10 most prevalent emerging mycotoxins was measured at three ratios corresponding to pig feed contamination. Toxicity was assessed by measuring the viability of intestinal porcine epithelial cells, IPEC-1, at 48 hours. BRV-F, Cyclo and TRPT did not alter cell viability. [Toxins] Abstract | Download Full Article

CXCR4/TGF-β1 Mediated Hepatic Stellate Cells Differentiation Into Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts and Promoted Liver Metastasis of Colon Cancer

Immunohistochemistry was employed to investigate CXCR4 expression in 45 human specimens of primary colorectal cancer (CRC) and liver metastasis. The functions of SDF-1 released by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) on CXCR4 and TGF-β1 in CRC cells were investigated in vitro. The effects of CRC on HSCs differentiation into cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) were confirmed using co-culture technology and expression analysis of CAFs markers by qPCR, western blot and immunofluorescence. [Cancer Biol Ther] Abstract

Annexin A10 Is Involved in the Induction of Pancreatic Duodenal Homeobox-1 in Gastric Cancer Tissue, Cells and Organoids

Investigators performed immunohistochemistry to evaluate the expression of ANXA10, pancreatic and duodenal homeobox-1 (PDX1) and mucin phenotype markers in 130 gastic cancer (GC) samples. ANXA10 was detected in 63 of the 130 GC cases and loss of ANXA10 was significantly correlated with disease progression and poor clinical outcomes in GC. PDX1 was significantly correlated with ANXA10 in GC cases and cell lines. [Oncol Rep] Abstract

T Cell-Derived Interferon-γ Programs Stem Cell Death in Immune-Mediated Intestinal Damage

Modeling with ex vivo epithelial cultures indicated intestinal stem cell (ISC) depletion and impaired human as well as murine organoid survival upon coculture with activated T cells, and screening of effector pathways identified interferon-γ (IFNγ) as a principal mediator of ISC compartment damage. IFNγ induced JAK1- and STAT1-dependent toxicity, initiating a proapoptotic gene expression program and stem cell death. [Sci Immunol] Abstract

Regulatory Network Analysis of Paneth Cell and Goblet Cell Enriched Gut Organoids Using Transcriptomics Approaches

The authors used comprehensive profiling of mRNA, microRNA and long non-coding RNA expression to confirm that Paneth cell and goblet cell enrichment of murine small intestinal organoids established a physiologically accurate model. [Mol Omics] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

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Establishing Boundaries: The Relationship That Exists Between Intestinal Epithelial Cells and Gut-Dwelling Bacteria

Within the gastrointestinal tract, intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) create a structural interface that separates the intestinal lumen from the underlying lamina propria. In the lumen, gut-dwelling microbes play an essential role in maintaining gut homeostasis and functionality. Whether commensal or pathogenic, their interaction with IECs is inevitable. [Microorganisms] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Synedgen Awarded Funding to Advance Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treatments

Synedgen announced the award of a competitive Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program contract. Administered through the US Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity, this award enables Synedgen to optimize therapeutic treatments that restore innate gastrointestinal integrity damaged by inflammatory bowel disease [Synedgen] Press Release

FDA Approves XELJANZ^® XR (Tofacitinib) Extended-Release Tablets for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis

Pfizer Inc. announced that the FDA has approved XELJANZ^® XR extended-release 11 mg and 22 mg tablets for the once-daily treatment of adult patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis, after an inadequate response or intolerance to TNF blockers. [Pfizer Inc.] Press Release

UK Election Dashes Scientists’ Hopes of Staying in the EU

The United Kingdom is now firmly on the path towards leaving the European Union, after the Conservative party won a majority of 79 seats in yesterday’s general election – a result that has major implications for science. [Nature News] Editorial

United States Drops Charges against Two More Scientists after Iran Prisoner Swap

US authorities have dropped charges against two researchers accused of attempting to export chemicals to Iran in violation of trade sanctions. The decision follows a prisoner swap in which the United States freed a third researcher who was charged alongside them – and imprisoned. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Lorne Cancer Conference
February 13-15, 2020
Lorne, Victoria, Australia

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NEW Postdoctoral Researcher(s) – Intestinal Bacteria (University of Helsinki)

Researcher – Synthetic Ecology of Human Gut Microbiota (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Assistant Professor – Intestinal Microbiota and Immunity (Hokkaido University)

Research Position – Microscopy of Human Tumors (Vienna University of Technology)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Mucosal Immunology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Neonatal Microbiota on Immune Imprinting (Pasteur Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Gut Microbiome & IBD (Case Western Reserve University)

Postdcotoral Scientist – iPSC Models of Intestinal Fibrosis (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Senior Scientist – Immunology and Gastroenterology (Johnson & Johnson)

Research Scientist – In Vivo Research on Wnt Signaling in Self-Renewel (Surrozen)

Principal Researcher – Systems Disease Biology (Boehringer Ingelheim)

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