Immune Regulation News Volume 11.34 | Sep 13 2019

TOP STORY

Characterization and Comparison of GITR Expression in Solid Tumors

The therapeutic benefit of 21B6 was greatest in CT26 followed by MC38, and was least in the B16 tumor model. The frequency of CD8 T cells and effector CD4 T cells within immune infiltrate correlated with response to treatment with GITR antibody. [Clin Cancer Res] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Natural Killer Cells Suppress T Cell-Associated Tumor Immune Evasion

Scientists conducted a series of unbiased, genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens to identify genes that limit natural killer (NK) cell anti-tumor activity. They identified that genes associated with antigen presentation and/or interferon-γ signaling protect tumor cells from NK cell killing. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Orphan Nuclear Receptor NR2F6 Suppresses T Follicular Helper Cell Accumulation through Regulation of IL-21

Researchers report that loss of the nuclear orphan receptor NR2F6 caused enhanced survival and accumulation of T follicular helper cells, germinal center B cells, and plasma cells following T cell-dependent immunization. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

The Transcription Factor Zfp281 Sustains CD4⁺ T Lymphocyte Activation through Directly Repressing Ctla-4 Transcription

The authors generated Zfp281 conditional knockout mice in which the function of the Zfp281 gene was conditionally disrupted by the Cd4^Cre transgene to study its impact on T cell function. Zfp281 had no effect on T-cell development, but CD4⁺ T cell activation and cytokine production were impaired due to diminished T-cell receptor signaling. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

REGγ Controls Th17 Cell Differentiation and Autoimmune Inflammation by Regulating Dendritic Cells

Investigators report that mice deficient in REGγ, a proteasome activator belonging to the 11S family, exhibit significantly deteriorated autoimmune neuroinflammation in an experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis model with augmented interleukin-17A-producing helper T (Th17) cell polarization in vivo. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

Class-Switch Recombination to IgA in the Peyer’s Patches Requires Natural Thymus-Derived Tregs and Appears to be Antigen Independent

Following adoptive transfer of T-cell receptor-transgenic CD4 T cells into nude mice, scientists unexpectedly found that oral immunization did not require an adjuvant to induce strong gut IgA and systemic IgG responses, suggesting an altered regulatory environment in the Peyer’s patches. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract

Engineering γδT Cells Limits Tonic Signaling Associated with Chimeric Antigen Receptors

Researchers showed that single-cell analysis with time course mass cytometry provided a rapid means of assessing CAR-T cell activation. They compared signal transduction in expanded T cells to that in T cells transduced to express second-generation CARs and found that cell expansion enhanced the response to stimulation. [Sci Signal] Full Article

The Obese Liver Environment Mediates Conversion of NK Cells to a Less Cytotoxic ILC1-Like Phenotype

The authors investigated the role of NK cells and ILC1 in the obesity-associated condition, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. [Front Immunol] Full Article

Increased Regulatory B Cells Are Involved in Immune Evasion in Patients with Gastric Cancer

Carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester labeling revealed that CD19⁺CD24^hiCD27⁺ B cells could suppress the proliferation of autologous CD4⁺ T cells. Moreover, CD19⁺CD24^hiCD27⁺ B cells inhibited the production of interferon-gamma by CD4⁺ T cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

TRAF3 Regulates the Oncogenic Proteins Pim2 and c-Myc to Restrain Survival in Normal and Malignant B Cells

Investigators report a new mechanism for TRAF3 in the restraint of B cell survival. They found that TRAF3 deficiency was associated with induction of the pro-survival kinase Pim2 in mouse primary B cells and human malignant B cell lines. [Sci Rep] Full Article

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Targeting Innate Immune Mediators in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

The authors review recent advances in the understanding of the inflammatory pathogenesis of type 1 and type 2 diabetes from a translational angle and point out the critical gaps in knowledge that need to be addressed to guide drug development. [Nat Rev Immunol] Abstract

The Multifaceted Immune Regulation of Bladder Cancer

An improved understanding of immune regulation pathways in bladder cancer development, recurrence and progression will help in the design of novel diagnostic and prognostic tools as well as treatments. [Nat Rev Urol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

I-Mab Biopharma and Junshi Biosciences Announce Collaboration to Evaluate TJD5 in Combination with Toripalimab for the Treatment of Patients with Cancers in China

I-Mab Biopharma announced the signing of a collaboration agreement with Shanghai Junshi Biosciences Co., Ltd to evaluate the combination therapy of I-Mab’s TJD5, a proprietary innovative CD73 antibody with Junshi Biosciences’ Toripalimab, a recombinant humanized anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody in patients with cancers in China. [I-Mab Biopharma] Press Release

Applied Molecular Transport Debuts with First Patient Dosed in Phase Ib Clinical Trial of AMT-101 in Adults with Ulcerative Colitis

Applied Molecular Transport announced that the first patient has been dosed in the Phase Ib portion of a first-in-human clinical trial designed to evaluate the safety and tolerability of AMT-101, a novel oral gut-selective biologic fusion protein of interleukin 10 for the treatment of adults with ulcerative colitis. [Applied Molecular Transport Inc.] Press Release

INmune Bio Inc. Announces USPTO Allowance of Key Patent Covering Its DN-TNFa Platform Technology for Treating Cancer

INmune Bio, Inc. announced that the United States Patent and Trademark Office (USPTO) has given formal notice of allowance to Patent Application Serial No. 15/776,061, titled “Cancer prevention and therapy by inhibiting soluble tumor necrosis factor”, which covers INmune’s INB03 program utilizing dominant negative TNFα (DN-TNFα) technology for treating cancer. [INmune Bio Inc.] Press Release

Immune-Cell Pioneers Win Prestigious Lasker Medical Award

Two scientists who discovered the roles of key immune cells have won one of the 2019 Lasker medical-research awards — prizes often dubbed the American Nobels. Immunologists Jacques Miller, at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research in Melbourne, Australia, and Max Cooper, at Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, will split the $250,000 prize for basic medical research. [Nature News] Press Release

Science under Maximum Pressure in Iran

Research scientists Shahin Akhondzadeh received a novel reason why a journal was unable to publish his work: his nationality. Akhondzadeh is Iranian and works at the Tehran University of Medical Science. And for the US-based journal and its publisher, that made him a persona non grata. [The Scientist] Editorial

Clubby and ‘Disturbing’ Citation Behavior by Researchers in Italy Has Surged

The rate at which scientists in Italy cite themselves and their compatriots is rising faster than in 10 other developed countries, according to a new study. The surge in Italy’s clubby citation behavior is likely the result of a 2010 law requiring productivity standards for academic recruitment or promotion, the study authors say. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW Antibodies as Drugs: From B Cell Biology to New Treatments
February 2-6, 2020
Santa Fe, New Mexico, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunology (University of Alabama at Birmingham)

Research Technologist (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientific Communications Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Human Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate – Immune Cell Culture (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Interface of Stem Cell Biology and Immunology (Columbia University)

Faculty Position – Tumor Immunology (University of Utah)

Assistant Professor and Postdoctoral Fellows – Immunology (Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Professorship – Innate Immunity and Cardiovascular Repair (Goethe University Frankfurt am Main)

Staff Scientist – Lead Immunotherapy Bioinformatician (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Assistant Professor – Neuro-Immune/Neuro-Pharmacological Interactions (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Position – Computational Single-Cell Biology (Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Quantitative Microscopy of Immune Cells (National Institute on Aging)

Associate or Full Professor – Neuro-Immune/Neuro-Pharmacological Interactions (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Position – Immunology of Enteric Infections (University of Utah)

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