Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 11.17 | May 7 2019

TOP STORY

Bispecific CD3-HAC Carried by E1A-Engineered Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Against Metastatic Breast Cancer by Blocking PD-L1 and Activating T Cells

Researchers constructed the CD3-HAC gene driven by human telomerase reverse transcriptase promoter into an adenoviral vector and the E1A gene into the lentiviral vector. The homing property of MSCs in vivo was analyzed with firefly luciferase-labeled MSCs by bioluminescent imaging. [J Hematol Oncol] Full Article

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IN VITRO

Influence of Hydrogel Network Microstructures on Mesenchymal Stem Cell Chondrogenesis in Vitro and in Vivo

Investigators successfully prepared two types of collagen hydrogels, namely, the fibrous network and porous network, with the same chemical composition and similar mechanical strength but with two distinct network microstructures. The two different network microstructures significantly influenced mass transfer, protein adsorption, degradability, and contraction of the collagen hydrogels. [Acta Biomater] Abstract

Reversal of Established Liver Fibrosis by IC-2-Engineered Mesenchymal Stem Cell Sheets

Scientists clarified the anti-fibrotic effects of cell sheets produced from human bone marrow-derived MSCs incubated on a temperature-sensitive culture dish with the chemical compound IC-2. Orthotopic transplantation of IC-2-engineered MSC sheets remarkably reduced liver fibrosis induced by chronic CCl4 administration. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Influence of Cell Spreading Area on the Osteogenic Commitment and Phenotype Maintenance of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Poly (vinyl alcohol) was micropatterned on a tissue culture polystyrene surface, and the micropatterns were used to culture MSCs to control their cell spreading area. The influence of cell spreading area on osteogenic differentiation and maintenance of the differentiated phenotype of MSCs was investigated. [Sci Rep] Full Article

In Vitro Cytocompatibility and Growth Factor Content of GBR/GTR Membranes

Human MSCs and immortalized periodontal ligament stem cells were used to determine the cytocompatibility of xenogenic barrier membranes made of collagen or extracellular matrix and of their eluates obtained by washing. Cells were cultured with previously washed and unwashed membranes and in the medium used for washing. Cell proliferation at three days and at seven days was assessed using the WST-1 cell proliferation kit. [Dent Mater] Abstract

Female Age Affects the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Characteristics of Aspirated Follicular Cells in the in Vitro Fertilization Programme

After removal of the oocytes, aspirated follicular cells (AFCs) were collected from follicular aspirates using hypo-osmotic technique and cultured in vitro, and their stemness was compared according to female age. The cultured AFCs were analysed for gene expression using the Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell RT2 Profiler™ PCR Array, for their potential for differentiation into adipogenic and osteogenic lineage, and for their expression of MSC-related markers using immunocytochemistry. [Stem Cell Rev] Abstract

Sulforaphane Alleviates Cadmium-Induced Toxicity in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through POR and TNFSF10 Genes Expression

Investigators assessed the protective role of sulforaphane against cadmium (Cd)-induced nuclear and mitochondrial damage in human MSCs. Cells were exposed to Cd and sulforaphane, either alone or in combination, for 48 hours. The cell viability was assessed by adopting MTT assay. The nuclear morphology was investigated using Acridine orange/Ethidium bromide dual staining and Hoechst staining. [Biomed Pharmacother] Full Article

IN VIVO

Proteomic Analysis of the Secretome of Adipose Tissue-Derived Murine Mesenchymal Cells Overexpressing Telomerase and Myocardin

The authors cultured murine mock-transduced adipose tissue-derived (AT)-MSCs and “rejuvenated” AT-MSCs overexpressing antisenescent protein telomerase reverse transcriptase and anti-apoptotic transcription factor myocardin (rTMAT-MSCs) harvested from one-year-old male C57BL/6 mice. They established proteomes from three mock-transduced AT-MSCs and rTMAT-MSCs cultures in serum-free conditions, as well as their corresponding conditioned medium and exosome-enriched fractions. [J Mol Cell Cardiol] Abstract

Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modify Lung Immunity and Improve Antibacterial Defense in Pneumosepsis Caused by Klebsiella Pneumoniae

Mice were infected with K. pneumoniae via the airways to induce a gradually evolving infection in the lung culminating pneumosepsis. One or six hours after infection, mice were infused intravenously with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) or vehicle, and euthanized after 16 hours or 48 hours, respectively. The effects of freshly cultured and cryopreserved ASCs were compared, the latter formulation being more clinically relevant. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article

Amelioration of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress by Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Hepatocyte Growth Factor/c-Met Signaling in Obesity-Associated Kidney Injury

Human induced pluripotent stem cell-MSCs or bone marrow derived MSCs alleviated endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, and apoptosis in renal cortex of animals exposed to high-fat diet thus mitigating histologic damage and albuminuria, via activating HGF/c-Met paracrine signaling that resulted in enhanced HGF secretion in the glomerular compartment and c-Met expression in the tubules. [Stem Cells Transl Med] Full Article

Norepinephrine Protects Against Apoptosis of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Induced by High Glucose

MSCs were treated with high glucose and norepinephrine (NE). High glucose-induced MSCs apoptosis, which was reversed by NE. To verify the effect of NE, mice underwent sympathectomy and were used to establish a diabetic model. Diabetic mice with sympathectomy had a higher apoptosis rate and higher levels of reactive oxygen species in their bone marrow-derived cells than diabetic mice without sympathectomy. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

LncRNA SNHG1 Modulates p38 MAPK Pathway Through Nedd4 and Thus Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Mouse model of osteoporosis was created by ovariectomy. The BMD of mice spine, the serum level of β-CTX and the ALP activity were measured. The expression of SNHG1, JNK, p-JNK, p-38, p-p38 and Osterix were examined by qRT-PCR and Western blot. Co-IP assay was used to verify the effect of SNHG1 on the interaction between p-p38 and Nedd4. [Life Sci] Abstract

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Biological Functions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Clinical Implications

The authors outline the fundamental and advanced concepts of MSC biological features and underline the biological functions of MSCs in their basic and translational aspects in therapy for degenerative and/or inflammatory diseases. [Cell Mol Life Sci] Abstract

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Flexion Therapeutics Announces Upcoming Presentations

Flexion Therapeutics, Inc. will present data from three recent studies, including the following: ‘Dose-Dependent Chondroprotective Effects of Triamcinolone Acetonide on Inflamed and Injured Cartilage Using an in Vitro Model’ and ‘Repeat Administration of Triamcinolone Acetonide Extended-Release Affords Consistent, Clinically Relevant Improvements in Pain: Results from a Phase IIIb, Single-Arm, Open-Label Study’. [Press release from Flexion Therapeutics, Inc. discussing research presented at the Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) World Congress, Toronto] Press Release

Significant Clinical Progress as Adaptimmune Announces Responses with ADP-A2M4 in Synovial Sarcoma and Antitumor Activity in Other Solid Tumors

Adaptimmune Therapeutics plc announced significant clinical progress with partial responses in four out of five synovial sarcoma patients treated with ~10 billion cells in the ADP-A2M4 pilot study, and tumor shrinkage seen in nearly all assessed synovial sarcoma patients. Based on these data, the company will initiate the SPEARHEAD-1 trial in patients with synovial sarcoma and myxoid/round cell liposarcoma later this year. [Adaptimmune Therapeutics plc] Press Release

Athenex Announces Promising Early and Complete Response Data from a Clinical Study of Oraxol in Cutaneous Angiosarcoma

Athenex, Inc. announced preliminary data showing promising early clinical responses in the first part of a two part study of Oraxol monotherapy in patients with unresectable cutaneous angiosarcoma. [Athenex, Inc.] Press Release

NIH Imposes Term Limits for Lab Chiefs

The National Institutes of Health’s intramural research program will begin imposing 12-year term limits on laboratory leaders, Science reports. The policy, which goes into effect next year, aims to expand the diversity of those in management positions who oversee research groups, most of which are currently held by white men. [The Scientist] Editorial

Black Academics Publish One-Fifth of South Africa’s Research

The proportion of scientific articles published by academics in South Africa who are black, colored or of Indian origin has risen almost tenfold since the end of apartheid, to about one-third, finds a report on scholarly publishing in the country. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory: Stem Cell Biology
September 17-21, 2019
Copenhagen, Denmark

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NEW Postdoctoral Associate – Inflammation and Aging in Adipose, Liver, and Muscle (Case Western Reserve University)

NEW Postdoctoral Laboratory Specialist – Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Equine Medical Center)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – Viral Oncology of Sarcomas (John Hopkins University)

Associate Professor – Endocrinology and Mesenchymal Stem Cell Interactions (University of Southern Denmark)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Sarcoma Image Processing (Institute of Cancer Research)

Lecturer – Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine (University of Manchester)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Sarcoma Genomics Analysis (The Francis Crick Institute)

Postdoctoral – Stem Cell & Biochemical Pharmacology (Genetech)

Senior Research Fellow – Stem Cell & Cancer Research (Gillies McIndoe Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Molecular Oncology (Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine)

Assistant Professor – Sarcoma or Skeletal Related Malignancies (University of California at Davis)

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