Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 11.30 | Aug 6 2019

TOP STORY

Multifunctional Magnetic Hairbot for Untethered Osteogenesis, Ultrasound Contrast Imaging and Drug Delivery

External magnetic fields were used to enhance differentiation of MSCs into bone like cells, which could be used as magnetic therapy for bone healing. Effect of external magnetic forces was simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics^® modeling software. [Biomaterials] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

IN VITRO

O-Cyclic Phytosphingosine-1-Phosphate Stimulates HIF1α-Dependent Glycolytic Reprogramming to Enhance the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Researchers found that under hypoxia O-cyclic phytosphingosine-1-phosphate (cP1P) suppressed MSC mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Metabolic data revealed that cP1P stimulated glycolysis via the upregulation of glycolysis-related genes. cP1P-induced hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF1α) played a key role for MSC glycolytic reprogramming and transplantation efficacy. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Exosomes Derived from miR-375-Overexpressing Human Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote Bone Regeneration

Exosomes enriched with miR-375 (Exo [miR-375]) were generated from human adipose MSCs stably overexpressing miR-375 after lentiviral transfection and identified with transmission electron microscopy, nanosight and western blotting. The construction efficiency of Exo (miR-375) was evaluated with qRT-PCR and incubated with human bone marrow MSCs to optimize the effective dosage. [Cell Prolif] Full Article

Hybrid Nanocomposite as a Chest Wall Graft with Improved Integration by Adipose-Derived Stem Cells

Based on poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid and amorphous calcium phosphate nanoparticles (PLGA) and pure PLGA, a dual layer biodegradable hybrid nanocomposite was generated. Mouse adipose-derived stem cells were cultured on electrospun disks, and biomechanical tests were performed. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Pyruvate Plays a Main Role in the Antitumoral Selectivity of Cold Atmospheric Plasma in Osteosarcoma

An atmospheric pressure plasma jet was employed to obtain plasma activated media (PAM) in the presence or absence of pyruvate and used to treat the SaOS-2 osteosarcoma (OS) cell line or hBM-MSC healthy cells. OS cells showed higher sensitivity to PAM treatment than healthy cells, both in medium with and without pyruvate, activating apoptosis, DNA damage and deregulating cellular pathways mediated by c-JUN, AKT, AMPK or STAT3. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Anti-Proliferative Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) Derived from Multiple Sources on Ovarian Cancer Cell Lines: An In-Vitro Experimental Study

Measurements of ovarian tumor marker proteins were computed by ELISA. Proliferative, apoptosis and anti-inflammatory effects of the MSCs were measured by Flow cytometry. MMPs expression was measured by RT-PCR. [J Ovarian Res] Full Article

^99mTc-Hydroxydiphosphonate Quantification of Extracellular Matrix Mineralization in 3D Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Cultures

Investigators evaluated whether a new method, using ^99mTc-hydroxydiphosphonate, could be used to quantify the amount of newly formed extracellular hydroxyapatite in a 3D cell culture model. Highly porous collagen type II scaffolds were seeded with 1 × 106 human MSCs and cultured for 21 days in osteogenic media and in parallel in standard media. [Bone Joint Res] Full Article

Angelica Polysaccharide Promotes Proliferation and Osteoblast Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Regulation of Long Non-Coding RNA H19

MSCs were treated with different concentrations of angelica polysaccharide, and then cell viability, cyclin D1 protein level, and the osteogenic markers of runt-related transcription factor 2, osteocalcin, alkaline phosphatase, and bone morphogenetic protein 2 were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 and western blot assays, respectively. [Bone Joint Res] Full Article

Maintenance of Stem Cell Viability and Differentiation Potential following Cryopreservation within 3-Dimensional Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels

Scientists demonstrated the retention of human MSC viability within hyaluronic acid and polyethylene glycol based hydrogels via a facile gradual cooling and freezing protocol. Encapsulated cell viability was retained at similar rates in both materials systems regardless of initial duration in culture or adhesive ligand incorporation, indicating the versatility of the approach. [Cryobiology] Abstract

IN VIVO

Asymmetrical Methyltransferase PRMT3 Regulates Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Osteogenesis via miR-3648

Overexpression of miR-3648 rescued impaired osteogenesis in protein arginine methyltransferase 3 (PRMT3)-deficient cells. Moreover, administration of Prmt3 shRNA or a chemical inhibitor of PRMT3 caused an osteopenia phenotype in mice. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Characterization and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Supercritical-CO2-Foamed β-TCP/PLCL Composites for Bone Applications

Ability to support osteogenic differentiation was tested in human adipose stem cell culture for 21 days. Biocompatibility was evaluated for 24 weeks in a rabbit femur-defect model. [Eur Cell Mater] Abstract | Full Article

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Concise Review: Preclinical Translation of Exosomes Derived from Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells

Exosomes derived from MSCs appear to be particularly beneficial for enhancing recovery in various models of disease. To date, there are over 200 preclinical studies of exosome-based therapies in a number of different animal models. [Stem Cells] Abstract | Full Article

Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Therapeutic Delivery: Translational Challenges to Clinical Application

The authors discuss novel topics critical to the successful translation of MSCs from pre-clinical to clinical applications. In particular, they focus on the major routes of cell delivery, aspects related to hemocompatibility, and potential safety concerns associated with MSC therapy in the different settings. [Front Immunol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the mesenchymal cell research field.

The Spanish Sarcoma Group Will Lead a European Consortium to Evaluate the Ability of Lixte Biotechnology Holdings’ LB-100 to Improve First Line Therapy for Advanced Soft Tissue Sarcomas

Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. announced that it signed a clinical trial agreement with the Spanish Sarcoma Group to support a Phase Ib/randomized Phase II study of doxorubicin, the global standard for initial treatment of advanced soft tissue sarcomas, versus doxorubicin plus LB-100. [Lixte Biotechnology Holdings, Inc. (GlobeNewsire, Inc.)] Press Release

Epizyme Announces FDA Filing Acceptance of New Drug Application and Priority Review for Tazemetostat for the Treatment of Epithelioid Sarcoma

Epizyme, Inc. announced that the FDA has accepted for filing the company’s New Drug Application for accelerated approval of tazemetostat, its lead investigational agent. Epizyme has proposed an indication of metastatic or locally advanced epithelioid sarcoma not eligible for curative surgery. [Epizyme, Inc.] Press Release

With Its CRISPR Revolution, China Becomes a World Leader in Genome Editing

In 2012, the year researchers transformed a bacterial immune system into the fast and versatile tool for genome engineering, scientific publications mentioning CRISPR totaled 127. Since then there have been more than 14,000. Although the United States has had the most CRISPR publications—and continues to have the most cited papers—China is now a close second and is pouring money into CRISPR’s uses. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Researchers Weigh in on Trump’s $500 Million Plan to Share Childhood Cancer Data

The Childhood Cancer Data Initiative, as the National Cancer Institute (NCI) has dubbed it, could have many payoffs, such as devising less harsh treatments and figuring out why 10% of childhood leukemia patients don’t respond to treatments or relapse, said NCI acting director Doug Lowy. And for very rare cancers with no treatments, pooling such data on cases is essential for researchers to draw firm conclusions. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

First Human-Monkey Chimeras Developed in China

Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte of the Salk Institute in San Diego is spearheading the project with scientists from his own lab and those from the Murcia Catholic University in Murcia, Spain. The team wants to develop chimeras—organisms composed of cells from two or more species—capable of growing human organs. [The Scientist] Editorial

‘Tropical Trump’ Sparks Unprecedented Crisis for Brazilian Science

Since Bolsonaro took office in January, Brazil’s researchers have faced funding cuts and repeated attempts by the administration to roll back protections for the environment and Indigenous populations. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 8^th Annual International Symposium on Regenerative Rehabilitation
October 24-26, 2019
Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdcotral Research – MSC Donation (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Sarcoma and Leukemia (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Scientific Communications Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Sarcoma and Leukemia (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

Research Fellow – Regenerative Medicine (ROHTO Advanced Research)

Tenure-Track Position – Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Mesenchymal Tumor Invasion Research (Luxembourg Institute of Health)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology & Respiratory Disease Research with MSCs (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Development Scientist – Cell Therapy (GE)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Cardiometabolic Diseases (Columbia University Medical Center)

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