Mesenchymal Cell News Volume 11.37 | Sep 24 2019

TOP STORY

CRIF1 as a Potential Target to Improve the Radiosensitivity of Osteosarcoma

Investigators report that CR6-interacting factor-1 (CRIF1) was highly expressed in osteosarcoma and underwent nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 after resistance to ionizing radiation (IR). Osteosarcoma cells lacking CRIF1 showed increased sensitivity to IR, which was associated with delayed DNA damage repair, inactivated G1/S checkpoint, and mitochondrial dysfunction. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

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IN VITRO

Characterizing the Impact of 2D and 3D Culture Conditions on the Therapeutic Effects of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell Secretome on Corneal Wound Healing In Vitro and Ex Vivo

Electrospun fiber scaffolds composed of polycaprolactone and gelatin were fabricated to provide a 3D microenvironment for MSCs, and their mechanical properties were optimized to be similar to corneal tissue. The secretome produced by the MSCs cultured on 3D fiber matrices versus 2D culture dishes were analyzed by Luminex immunoassay, and the secretome of MSCs cultured on the 3D versus 2D substrates showed substantial compositional differences. [Acta Biomater] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Dynasore Suppresses Cell Proliferation, Migration, and Invasion and Enhances the Antitumor Capacity of Cisplatin via STAT3 Pathway in Osteosarcoma

Researchers suggested that dynasore inhibited cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and induced G0/G1 arrest of osteosarcoma (OS) cells. Besides, dynasore repressed tumorigenesis of OS in xenograft mouse model. In addition, they demonstrated that dynasore improved the anti-tumor effect of cisplatin in vitro and in vivo without inducing nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

MicroRNA-29a Represses Osteoclast Formation and Protects against Osteoporosis by Regulating PCAF-Mediated RANKL and CXCL12

Investigators uncovered that silencing miR-29a expression decreased mineralized matrix production in osteogenic cells, whereas osteoclast differentiation and pit formation were upregulated in bone marrow macrophages as co-incubated with the osteogenic cells in transwell plates. In vivo, decreased miR-29a expression occurred in ovariectomy-mediated osteoporotic skeletons. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Soluble Signals and Remodeling in a Synthetic Gelatin-Based Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche

A library of methacrylamide-functionalized gelatin (GelMA) hydrogels was used to explore remodeling and crosstalk from MSCs on the expansion and quiescence of murine hematopoietic stem cells. The use of a degradable GelMA hydrogel enabled MSC-mediated remodeling, yielding dynamic shifts in the matrix environment over time. [Adv Healthc Mater] Abstract

Differentiation of Equine Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells into Mesenchymal Lineage for Therapeutic Use

Researchers attempted to differentiate these established equine induced pluripotent stem cells into MSCs by serial passaging using MSC-defined media for stem cell expansion. Differentiation of the MSCs was confirmed by analyzing expression levels of the MSC surface markers CD44 and CD29, and the pluripotency markers Nanog and Oct4. [Cell Cycle] Abstract

IN VIVO

LncRNA ADAMTS9-AS2 Controls Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Chondrogenic Differentiation and Functions as a ceRNA

The authors identified lncRNA ADAMTS9 antisense RNA 2, ADAMTS9-AS2, which controls the chondrogenic differentiation by acting as a competing endogenous RNAs in human MSCs. They screened out ADAMTS9-AS2 of undifferentiated and differentiated cells during chondrogenic differentiation by microarrays. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Abstract | Full Article

The Differences in the Characteristics of Insulin-Producing Cells Using Human Adipose-Tissue Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Subcutaneous and Visceral Tissues

Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissues collected from four patients who underwent digestive surgeries. The insulin secretion of the generated insulin producing cells was investigated using surface markers by: fluorescence activated cell sorting analysis; cytokine release; proliferation ability of adipose-derived stem cells; in vitro glucose-stimulated insulin secretion test in vivo. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Pioglitazone Treatment Prior to Transplantation Improves the Efficacy of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Traumatic Brain Injury in Rats

In a rat model of lateral fluid percussion injury, combined pioglitazon and human MSC treatment showed less anxiety-like behavior and improved sensorimotor responses to a noxious cold stimulus. Significant reduction in brain lesion volume, neurodegeneration, microgliosis and astrogliosis were observed after combination treatment. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Periostin-Modified Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Osteoporotic Rats Promote Alveolar Bone Regeneration

Scientists found that the levels of periostin (Postn) in ovariectomized rats (OVX)-bone marrow (BM) MSCs were significantly reduced. Furthermore, Postn overexpression in OVX-BMMSCs using recombinant lentivirus could improve the expression of alkaline phosphatase, runt-related transcription factor 2, and osteocalcin and reduce the expression of sclerostin. [J Mol Histol] Abstract

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Autologous Adipose Tissue Grafting for the Management of the Painful Scar

There is currently no definitive treatment for the painful scar. Autologous adipose tissue grafting (AATG) as a treatment option for scars has become increasingly popular and there is now an abundance of evidence in the literature that supports its application. Some studies suggest that human adipose tissue is a rich source of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells. [Cytotherapy] Abstract

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SanBio Granted Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy Designation from the US FDA for SB623 for the Treatment of Chronic Neurological Motor Deficits Secondary to Traumatic Brain Injury

The SanBio Group announced that the FDA has granted Regenerative Medicine Advanced Therapy Designation for SB623 cell therapy for the treatment of chronic neurological motor deficits secondary to traumatic brain injury. The designation is based on clinical results of SB623 including the Phase II Study of Modified Stem Cells in Traumatic Brain Injury trial. [The SanBio Group] Press Release

Testing Chemicals for Birth Defects Using Stem Cells, Not Mice

Researchers at the University of California, Riverside, are part of an ambitious plan at the US Environmental Protection Agency, or EPA, to eliminate animal testing by 2035. Their contribution: developing a way to test whether chemicals cause musculoskeletal birth defects using lab-grown human tissue, not live animals. [University of California Riverside] Press Release

Grad Student Unions Dealt Blow as Proposed New Rule Says Students Aren’t ‘Employees’

Graduate students are not “employees” with a right to unionize, according to a rule proposed today by the National Labor Relations Board (NLRB), an agency that’s tasked with enforcing US labor laws. If implemented, the rule would undercut a recent wave of grad student unionization efforts at private US universities. The NLRB will be accepting public comment on the announcement for 60 days. [ScienceMagazine] Editorial

Kashmir’s Communication Blackout Is a ‘Devastating Blow’ for Academics, Researchers Say

Six professors from India’s top science institutions have appealed to the government to lift the blockade of academic and research institutions in Indian-controlled Kashmir. The blockade has been a “devastating blow,” the six write in an open letter published September 18^th. [ScienceMagazine] Editorial

NEW Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine International Society European Chapter Meeting 2020
May 26-29, 2020
Manchester, United Kingdom

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NEW Lecturer – Stem Cell Biology (The University of Manchester)

Assistant Professors – Regenerative Medicine (Washington University in St. Louis)

Research Scientist – Stem Cell Research (Yoh)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Proteoglycans in Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis (Drexel University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Cell Cycles in Stem Cells (University of California, Santa Cruz)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Development and Stem Cell Biology (California Institute of Technology)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Stem Cells (GlaxoSmithKline plc.)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Stem Cell Biology (Simon Fraser University)

Postdoctoral Researcher – MSCs in Accelerated Aging Treatment (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – MSC Donation (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Sarcoma and Leukemia (Cedars-Sinai Medical Center)

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