Prostate Cell News Volume 10.22 | Jun 21 2019

TOP STORY

Loss of PTEN Accelerates NKX3.1 Degradation to Promote Prostate Cancer Progression

Researchers showed that PTEN was an NKX3.1 phosphatase that protected NKX3.1 from degradation. PTEN specifically opposed phosphorylation at NKX3.1(S185) and prolonged NKX3.1 half-life. PTEN and NKX3.1 interacted primarily in the nucleus as loss of PTEN nuclear localization abrogated its ability to bind to and protect NKX3.1 from degradation. [Cancer Res] Abstract

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Dacomitinib, but Not Lapatinib, Suppressed Progression in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Models by Preventing HER2 Increase

The CWR22 human tumor xenograft and its castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) subline 22Rv1 and sera from lapatinib-treated CRPC patients from a previously reported Phase II trial were used to study lapatinib resistance. Mechanistic studies were conducted in LNCaP, C4-2 and 22Rv1 cell lines. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

LncRNA FOXP4-AS1 Is Activated by PAX5 and Promotes the Growth of Prostate Cancer by Sequestering miR-3184-5p to Upregulate FOXP4

Long noncoding RNA (LncRNA) forkhead box P4 antisense RNA 1 (FOXP4-AS1) was found to be highly expressed in TCGA prostate cancer (PCa) samples. Upregulation of FOXP4-AS1 was further validated in 64 PCa tissues and predicted poor prognosis in patients with PCa. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

DNA Methylation Changes Following DNA Damage in Prostate Cancer Cells

Using prostate cancer cell lines with differing sensitivities to radiation treatment, investigators analyzed the DNA methylation profiles prior to and following a single dose of radiotherapy using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip platform. Double-strand breaks formation and repair, in the absence and presence of the DNA hypomethylating agent, 5-azacytidine, were also investigated using γH2A.X immunofluorescence staining. [Epigenetics] Full Article

Exploring Subcellular Responses of Prostate Cancer Cells to X-Ray Exposure by Raman Mapping

Raman mapping of the whole cell area was undertaken to ensure a more comprehensive understanding of the changes induced by X-ray radiation. On the basis of the collected Raman spectral maps, Partial Least Squares Regression (PLSR) models were constructed to elucidate the time-dependent evolution of chemical changes induced in cells by irradiation, and the performance of PLSR models based on whole cell averages as compared to those based on average Raman spectra of cytoplasm and nuclear region. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Identification of a Radiosensitivity Molecular Signature Induced by Enzalutamide in Hormone-Sensitive and Hormone-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells

The authors identified a radiosensitive gene signature induced by enzalutamide (ENZA) in prostate cancer (PCa) cells and elucidated the biological pathways which influenced this radiosensitivity. They treated LNCaP and C4-2 cells with ENZA alone and in combination with androgen deprivation therapy and radiation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Distinct Expression Patterns of SULT2B1b in Human Prostate Epithelium

Scientists characterized the expression pattern of sulfotransferase family cytosolic 2B member 1b (SULT2B1b) in human benign prostate hyperplasia as well as prostate cancer to determine the relationship between SULT2B1b and prostate diseases, using immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence staining, immunoblot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. [Prostate] Abstract

Targeting POH1 Inhibits Prostate Cancer Cell Growth and Enhances the Suppressive Efficacy of Androgen Deprivation and Docetaxel

Researchers performed RNA interference against the JAMM members in PC3 cells and analyzed cell proliferation. POH1 knockdown was established to evaluate the effects of POH1 on cell growth in vitro and in vivo. RNA-sequencing was utilized to explore the molecular details underlying the biological function of POH1 in prostate cancer. [Prostate] Abstract

New Insights into the Role of Polybromo-1 in Prostate Cancer

Investigators describe the polybromo-1 (PBRM1) transcriptional levels and protein expression/localization in tissues of prostate cancer (PCa) patients and in prostatic cell lines. Increased PBRM1 mRNA levels were found in PCa samples, when compared to benign disease, and correlated with a higher Gleason score. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

CRISPR/Cas9-Mediated Knockout of Lcn2 Effectively Enhanced CDDP-Induced Apoptosis and Reduced Cell Migration Capacity of PC3 Cells

Control CRISPR/Cas9 plasmid and homology-directed repair plasmid or validated human lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) CRISPR/Cas9 KO plasmids were co-transfected into PC3 cells using fugene HD transfection reagent. The stable cells were selected in the presence of puromycin. Correspondingly, knock out of Lcn2 was evaluated by RT-PCR, ELISA, and immunocytochemistry. [Life Sci] Abstract

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A Decade of Clinical Development of PARP Inhibitors in Perspective

The authors discuss opportunities for expanding the precision medicine approach with PARP inhibitors, identifying a wider population who could benefit from this drug class. This includes developing and validating better predictive biomarkers for patient stratification, mainly based on homologous recombination defects beyond BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations, identifying DNA repair deficient tumors in other cancer types such as prostate or pancreatic cancer, or by designing combination therapies with PARP inhibitors. [Ann Oncol] Abstract

The Role of Nuclear Receptors in Prostate Cancer

The findings on the roles of nuclear receptors in prostate cancer thus far have shown that several nuclear receptors (NRs) such as vitamin D receptor, estrogen receptor β, and mineralocorticoid receptor play antioncogenic roles, while other NRs such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ and estrogen receptor α as well as androgen receptor play oncogenic roles. [Cells] Full Article

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Resolution Advancing Development of Cell-Free DNA Companion Diagnostic for Prostate Cancer through Collaboration with Janssen

Resolution Bioscience, Inc. announced that its Resolution HRD™ liquid biopsy assay is being developed as a companion diagnostic for niraparib, a PARP inhibitor that is currently being investigated for the treatment of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer as part of a research collaboration with Janssen Research & Development, LLC. [Resolution Bioscience, Inc.] Press Release

Immunotherapy Study for Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Completes Enrollment

Candel Therapeutics announced that it has completed enrollment of the “ULYSSES” trial, a Phase II study of ProstAtak^® for prostate cancer patients choosing Active Surveillance. Enrollment is still open for prostate cancer patients choosing radiation therapy as their primary treatment. [Candel Therapeutic (PR Newswire Association LLC.)] Press Release

Progenics Pharmaceuticals to Initiate a Basket Trial by Year End to Support an Expanded Label for AZEDRA^® (Iobenguane I 131) in Multiple MIBG Avid Neuroendocrine Tumors

Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the company has reached alignment with the FDA on the clinical development plan to pursue a tissue agnostic indication to support an expanded label for AZEDRA for the treatment of patients with unresectable or metastatic neuroendocrine tumors who are MIBG avid. [Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

FDA Grants Breakthrough Device Designation to Bio-Techne’s Exodx ™ Prostate Intelliscore ™ (EPI) Test

Bio-Techne announced that the FDA has granted Breakthrough Device Designation to its EPI test, making it the first exosome-based liquid biopsy test to receive a Breakthrough Device Designation. [Bio-Techne] Press Release

UK’s Leading Mouse Genetics Center Faces Closure

Britain’s leading center for mouse genetics is facing closure in a move that critics say will undermine crucial research on serious diseases and threaten the standing of UK science. The Medical Research Council has told staff at its Harwell Institute in Oxfordshire that an internal strategy board recommended the closure of all academic work at the site, threatening research on diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, child deafness and other conditions. [The Guardian] Editorial

House Panel Clarifies How Universities Would Report Sexual Harassment Cases to US Funders

New rules from the National Science Foundation (NSF) on reporting sexual harassment by someone with an NSF grant raise questions about due process, university administrators say. A key congressional panel took those concerns to heart by modifying language in a bill that would require the administration to write guidelines applying to half a dozen major federal research agencies. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Academics Join Outcry Sparked by Hong Kong’s Contentious Extradition Bill

Since the bill that would legalize the extradition of people from Hong Kong to mainland China to stand trial or serve criminal sentences was announced, more than a thousand academics from around the world have signed a petition against the proposed law, saying it would restrict free speech and academic debate as well as eroding personal freedoms. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 2019 National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) Cancer Conference
November 3-5, 2019
Glasgow, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Scientist – Prostate Organoids (Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey)

NEW Research Lab Specialist – Tumor Microenvironment & Cell Behavior (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Prostate and Breast Cancer Progression (The Garvan Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Jak-Stat Signaling in Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Research Scientist – Cancer Cell Line Development (QLB Biotherapeutics, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Neutrophils in Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer (University of Nebraska Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Nanomedicine in Prostate Cancer (Queen’s University Belfast)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Cell Biology (University of Zurich)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer (UT Health San Antonio)

Postdoctoral Position – Microenvironment & Cancer (Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer & Stem Cell Biology (City of Hope)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunotherapy (University of Notre Dame)

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