Prostate Cell News Volume 10.25 | Jul 12 2019

TOP STORY

GPRC5A Facilitates Cell Proliferation through Cell Cycle Regulation and Correlates with Bone Metastasis in Prostate Cancer

PC3 prostate cancer cells with CRISPR/Cas9-mediated G protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A) knockout (KO) exhibited significantly reduced cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. RNA-seq revealed that GPRC5AKO PC3 cells had dysregulated expression of cell cycle-related genes, leading to cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

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6-Thioguanine and Its Analogs Promote Apoptosis of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells in a BRCA2-Dependent Manner

Scientists addressed the question whether changes in breast cancer susceptibility gene 2 (BRCA2) expression, a potential surrogate marker for BRCA2 activity, may affect the response of castration-resistant prostate cancer cells to 6-thioguanine, a thiopurine used in the treatment of hematological malignancies. [Cancers] Full Article

A Novel Macrophage-Mediated Biomimetic Delivery System with NIR-Triggered Release for Prostate Cancer Therapy

The tumor-tropic capacity of RAW264.7 cells towards RM-1 mouse prostate cancer cells did not undergo significant change after drug loading in vitro and in vivo. [J Nanobiotechnology] Full Article

Long Noncoding RNA SNHG12 Indicates the Prognosis of Prostate Cancer and Accelerates Tumorigenesis via Sponging miR-133b

Researchers explored the biological functions of small nucleolar RNA host gene 12 (SNHG12) and investigated the interaction between miR-133b and SNHG12 in the progression of prostate cancer (PCa). They detected SNHG12 expression level in PCa cells and tissues, and then analyzed its clinical significance, which revealed that SNHG12 has the potential to predict prognosis of PCa. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract

MicroRNA-139 Is a Predictor of Prostate Cancer Recurrence and Inhibits Growth and Migration of Prostate Cancer Cells through Cell Cycle Arrest and Targeting IGF1R and AXL

Overexpression of miR-139 in prostate cancer cells led to a significant reduction in cell proliferation and migration compared with control cells, with cells arrested in G2 of cell cycle. Examination of the molecular mechanism of growth inhibition by miR-139 revealed the downregulation of activated AKT and cyclin D1, with upregulation of the CDK inhibitor p21. [Prostate] Abstract

A Novel Androgen-Reduced Prostate-Specific LncRNA, PSLNR, Inhibits Prostate-Cancer Progression in Part by Regulating the p53-Dependent Pathway

The androgen receptor pathway was confirmed to be an upstream regulation signaling pathway of PSLNR by transcriptionally regulating its expression in androgen-dependent prostate cancer (PCa) cells. PSLNR also significantly inhibited PCa proliferation by inducing cell apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. [Prostate] Abstract

Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap: Sensitization of Prostate Cancer Cells to Abiraterone Treatment Using Hydroxylated Polychlorinated Biphenyls

Investigators report the biological evaluation of the polychlorinated biphenyl 28 derived OH-metabolites 3-OHCB28 or 3′-OHCB28 in prostate cancer cells. Depending on concentration, both metabolites inhibited the growth of PC3 cells. In addition 3′-OHCB28 reduced the necessary concentration of abiraterone required for the inhibition of PC3 cells by a factor of four. [Invest New Drugs] Abstract

A Tangeretin Derivative Inhibits the Growth of Human Prostate Cancer LNCaP Cells by Epigenetically Restoring p21 Gene Expression and Inhibiting Cancer Stem-Like Cell Proliferation

The authors found that polymethoxyflavonoid (PMF) 2 inhibited the growth of LNCaP cells more strongly than PMF1, and it was less cytotoxic against the normal human prostate RWPE-1 cells. PMF2 upregulated Bad and Bax, downregulated Bcl-2, and activated caspase-3 and PARP in LNCaP cells, thereby inducing apoptosis. PMF2 also suppressed anchorage-independent growth of LNCaP cells. [AAPS J] Abstract

Silymarin Enriched Extract (Silybum marianum) Additive Effect on Doxorubicin-Mediated Cytotoxicity in PC-3 Prostate Cancer Cells

PC-3 cells were treated with silymarin-enriched extract, silibinin, silychristine, alone, and in combination with doxorubicin, and cell proliferation was assessed by the MTT assay. Cell cycle, apoptosis, and autophagy rate were assessed by flow cytometry. Expression levels of autophagy-related genes were quantified by qRT-PCR, ELISA and western blot while transmission electron microscopy was performed to reveal autophagic structures. [Planta Med] Abstract

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Single-Cell RNA Sequencing in Cancer: Lessons Learned and Emerging Challenges

The authors discuss some of the common themes emerging from initial studies of single-cell RNA sequencing in cancer and then highlight challenges in cancer biology for which emerging single-cell genomics methods may provide a compelling approach. [Mol Cell] Full Article

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Sengenics Partners with the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Biomarkers Consortium to Advance High-Impact Autoantibody Biomarker Discovery for Development of Diagnostics, Companion Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Sengenics announced that it has joined the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health Biomarkers Consortium. As a member of the consortium, Sengenics aims to further accelerate the identification and commercialization of autoantibody biomarkers for early diagnosis of cancer and autoimmune diseases as well as development of new companion diagnostics tests. [Sengenics] Press Release

Keeping Do-It-Yourself Gene Science Safe

Two Case Western Reserve University faculty members have received a two-year grant to provide regulatory recommendations for gene-editing research conducted in non-traditional settings. The aim of this $160,000 grant from the National Human Genome Research Institute at the National Institutes of Health is to protect the public while encouraging creativity and innovation that could benefit many people. [Case Western Reserve University] Press Release

University of California Loses Access to New Journal Articles Published by Elsevier after Research Access Fight

Researchers in the University of California system lost subscription access to the major publisher Elsevier, the result of a closely watched fight between the two parties over how academic research should get read and paid for. [STAT News] Editorial

Sweden Passes Law For National Research Misconduct Agency

After several high-profile cases, the country’s government is creating a board to oversee and investigate all serious allegations of scientific misconduct. [The Scientist] Editorial

Hungarian Government Takes Control of Research Institutes despite Outcry

After months of struggle between Hungary’s research ministry and its scientific community, the nation’s parliament ratified a law on 2 July that gives the government control over the 40 or so institutes belonging to the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. The government says that its aim is to make research more innovative. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Advanced Cell Therapies and Tissue Engineering
November 14-16, 2019
Milan, Italy

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NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Genitourinary Cancers (CCTI Columbia University)

NEW Senior Endowed Professorship – Cellular Principles & Evolution (Stony Brook University)

Research Scientist – Prostate Cancer Progression & Resistance (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Researchers – Inherited Genetics of Prostate & Testicular Cancer (Karolinska Institutet)

Endowed Chair Faculty – Prostate Cancer (Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Biology (University of Washington)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Prostate Organoids (Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey)

Research Lab Specialist – Tumor Microenvironment & Cell Behavior (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Jak-Stat Signaling in Prostate and Pancreatic Cancer (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Nanomedicine in Prostate Cancer (Queen’s University Belfast)

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