Hepatic Cell News Volume 4.21 | Jun 12 2020

TOP STORY

Telomere Dysfunction Activates p53 and Represses HNF4α Expression Leading to Impaired Human Hepatocyte Development and Function

Using genome editing to generate isogenic human embryonic stem cell lines harboring clinically relevant mutations in telomerase, scientists subjected them to an in vitro, stage-specific hepatocyte differentiation protocol that resembled hepatocyte development in vivo. [Hepatology] Abstract

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Hepsin Enhances Liver Metabolism and Inhibits Adipocyte Browning in Mice

Researchers report that hepsin-deficient mice had low levels of blood glucose, lipids and liver glycogen, but increased adipose tissue browning and basal metabolic rates. The phenotype was caused by reduced hepatocyte growth factor activation and impaired Met signaling. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

PIK3C3 Regulates the Expansion of Liver CSCs and PIK3C3 Inhibition Counteracts Liver Cancer Stem Cell Activity Induced by PI3K Inhibitor

Investigators detected a remarkable increase in PIK3C3 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and liver cancer stem cells (CSCs). Upregulated PIK3C3 facilitated liver CSC expansion in HCC cells; RNA interference-mediated silencing of PIK3C3 had an opposite effect. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

SHQ1 Is an ER Stress Response Gene that Facilitates Chemotherapeutics-Induced Apoptosis via Sensitizing ER-Stress Response

SHQ1 promoted tumor apoptosis and chemo-sensitivity in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells. In HCC tissues from patients, expression of SHQ1 was significantly decreased in the tumor compared to adjacent tissues. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Solasonine Promotes Ferroptosis of Hepatoma Carcinoma Cells via Glutathione Peroxidase 4-Induced Destruction of the Glutathione Redox System

The effects of solasonine were tested using the hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines HepG2 and HepRG. Metabolomics analysis was conducted to assess the effects of solasonine on tumor growth of nude mice xenografts using HepG2 cells. [Biomed Pharmacother] Full Article

Baohuoside-1 Targeting mTOR Inducing Apoptsis to Inhibit Hepatocellular Carcinoma Proliferation, Invasion and Migration

The authors present the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma activity of Baohuoside-1 isolated from epimedium through examing the effect of Baohuoside-1 on two different human liver cancer cell lines, HuH-7 and HepG2. [Biomed Pharmacother] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

ROS-Dependent Inhibition of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Signaling is Required for Oroxylin A to Exert Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Liver Fibrosis

Scientists found that Oroxylin A played a critical role in controlling inflammation in murine liver fibrosis. It could inhibit the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines in activated hepatic stellate cells. [Int Immunopharmacol] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Tmub1 Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Promoting the Ubiquitination of ΔNp63 Isoforms

Researchers showed that the levels of Tmub1 were significantly lower in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues and cells than they were in adjacent tissues and normal hepatic cells, and the low levels of Tmub1 indicated a poor prognosis in HCC patients. Xenograft growth assay revealed that Tmub1 repressed HCC growth in vivo. [Mol Ther Oncolytics] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Bone Morphogenetic Protein 8B Promotes the Progression of Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis

Investigators demonstrated that hepatic expression of bone morphogenetic protein 8B (BMP8B), a member of the transforming growth factor beta-BMP superfamily, increased proportionally to disease stage in people and animal models with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. [Nat Metab] Abstract

Twist1-Induced miR-199a-3p Promotes Liver Fibrosis by Suppressing Caveolin-2 and Activating TGF-β Pathway

The authors found that miR-199a-3p expression was dramatically upregulated during hepatic stellate cell activation in vitro, and during liver fibrogenesis in CCl4-treated rats, and its liver expression was increased in the patients with cirrhosis. [Signal Transduct Target Ther] Full Article

Mitoribosome Defect in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Promotes an Aggressive Phenotype with Suppressed Immune Reaction

Researchers investigated the effects of mitoribosome defects on oxidative phosphorylation system and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) progression. By generating a gene signature from HCC transcriptome data, they developed a scoring system which represented the degree of mitoribosomal defects in cancers. [iScience] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

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Description of CRISPR/Cas9 Development and Its Prospect in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment

Scientists summarize the development of CRISPR/Cas9 in retrospect. Through the evaluation of novel research in hepatocellular carcinoma, it is concluded that CRISPR/Cas9 would promote cancer research and provide a new tool for genetic treatment in prospect. [J Exp Clin Cancer Res] Full Article

Lipid Metabolism in Development and Progression of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The authors elucidate the mechanisms by which lipid metabolism is involved in hepatocarcinogenesis and tumour adaptation to different conditions, focusing on the transcriptional aberrations with new insights in lipidomics and lipid zonation. [Cancers] Abstract | Download Full Article

Role of Cytoglobin, a Novel Radical Scavenger, in Stellate Cell Activation and Hepatic Fibrosis

Investigators focus on the history of research into the role of ROS and nitrogen species in liver fibrosis and discuss the current perception of cytoglobin as a novel radical scavenger with an emphasis on its role in hepatic stellate cell activation and fibrosis. [Clin Mol Hepatol] Full Article

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CytoDyn Initiates Phase II Clinical Trial with Leronlimab for Treatment of NASH

CytoDyn Inc., has announced initiation of their Phase II clinical trial on leronlimab, a CCR5 antagonist, for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). [CytoDyn Inc.] Press Release

NCI Develops Viral Antibody Blood Test to Boost Liver Cancer Screening

Researchers at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) have developed a blood test that could be used to help identify people with a higher risk of liver cancer based on their previous exposures to particular viruses. [National Cancer Institute] Press Release

MIT, Guided by Open Access Principles, Ends Elsevier Negotiations

Institute ends negotiations for a new journals contract in the absence of a proposal aligning with the MIT Framework for Publisher Contracts. [MIT News] Editorial

NIH Strengthens Policies to Alert Agency to Sexual Harassment by Grantees

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is tightening grant rules that until now have sometimes left the agency in the dark about sexual harassment cases involving researchers it supports. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

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NEW Post Doctoral Scholarship – Molecular Metabolism (University of Gothenburg)

NEW Associate Professor – Digestive Diseases (Yale University)

NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Digestive and Liver Diseases (The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Liver Disease Macrophages (University of Kansas Medical Center)

NEW Postdoctural Researcher – Digestive and Liver Diseases (The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center)

Postdoc – Liver Pathophysiology (Ma Lab at University of Pittsburgh)

Assistant or Associate Professor – Pharmacology & Toxicology (University of Southern California)

Computational Analyst – Drug and Target Discovery (Human Liver Disease)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Liver Research (The University of Hong Kong)

Postdoctoral Scientist – Quantitative Biology (Texas Biomedical Research Institute)

Research Scientist – Liver (Spark Therapeutics)

Staff Fellow – Viral Vaccines (FDA-Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Translational Cancer Research (University of New Mexico Comprehensive Cancer Center)

Team Leader – Cholangiocytes (Miromatrix Medical)

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