 | | Vol. 15.06 – 17 February, 2021 |
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| To investigate the functional importance of an amino acid change in humans, investigators reintroduced the archaic allele into human induced pluripotent cells using genome editing and then followed their neural development through cortical organoids.
[Science] |
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 | | PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal |
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| Myeloid cells mediated the pro-resolution function of Dectin-1 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis with enhanced gene expression of the neuroprotective molecule, Oncostatin M, through a Card9-independent pathway, mediated by the transcription factor NFAT.
[Immunity] |
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| Scientists discovered that brain tumor cells had a particularly high demand for oxygen, which affected γδ T cell-mediated antitumor immune responses but not those of conventional T cells.
[Nature Immunology] |
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| The authors profiled 43,890 single-nucleus transcriptomes from the adult mouse spinal cord using fluorescence-activated nuclei sorting to enrich motor neuron nuclei.
[Nature Neuroscience] |
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| Researchers showed that combinatorial T-box 3, orthopedia homeobox (OTP), and distal-less homeobox (DLX) expression delineated all arcuate nucleus neurons and defined four distinct subpopulations, whereas combinatorial NKX2.1/SF1 and OTP/DLX expression identified ventromedial hypothalamus and tuberal nucleus neuronal subpopulations, respectively.
[Neuron] |
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| Investigators report the unexpected finding that median expression of stearoyl CoA desaturase was low in glioblastoma relative to the normal brain due to hypermethylation and unintentional monoallelic co-deletion with phosphatase and tensin homolog in a subset of patients.
[Science Advances] |
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| Scientists identified NOTCH1 as a central switch between the perivascular niche and network niche in glioma and demonstrated robust cross-compensation when only one niche was targeted.
[Nature Communications] |
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| Adaptive thermogenesis is essential for survival and therefore is tightly regulated by a central neural circuit. Investigators showed that miR-33 in the brain was indispensable for adaptive thermogenesis.
[Nature Communications] |
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| Researchers focused on toll-like receptor-3 (TLR3) that was activated by double-strand RNA and promoted neuroinflammation.
[Cell Death & Disease] |
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| The authors analyzed RE1-silencing transcription factor (REST) in neuroblastoma cells and mouse cortical neurons treated with activated T cell or microglia supernatant and distinct pro-inflammatory cytokines.
[Cell Death & Disease] |
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| Researchers explored the expression and functional roles of lipoxygenases (LOXs) in the development of glioblastoma (GBM). They showed that ALOXE3 was markedly down-regulated in human GBM.
[Oncogenesis] |
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| The authors generated human iPSCs-derived lung organoids, cerebral organoids, neural progenitor cells, neurons, and astrocytes.
[Stem Cell Reports] |
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| Investigators spur the discovery of astrocyte-based biomarkers as well as astrocyte-targeting therapies that abrogate detrimental actions of reactive astrocytes, potentiate their neuro- and glioprotective actions, and restore or augment their homeostatic, modulatory, and defensive functions.
[Nature Neuroscience] |
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| Scientists discuss a novel strategy for neuropsychiatric drug discovery that aims to address limitations by identifying disease-related functional responses in a variety of patient-derived cells, such as induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and organoids or peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
[Translational Psychiatry] |
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| The University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine announced the launch of the Alba Tull Center for Neuro Imaging and Therapeutics.
[University of Pittsburgh] |
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| Forge Biologics, Inc. announced that the FDA has granted Fast Track, Orphan Drug, and Rare Pediatric Disease (RPD) designations to FBX-101 for the treatment of patients with Krabbe disease. Forge is now actively recruiting patients for enrollment in the RESKUE phase I/II clinical trial of FBX-101, a novel, first-in-human AAV gene therapy for the disease.
[Forge Biologics, Inc.] |
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| March 24 – 26, 2021
Virtual |
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| | The Francis Crick Institute – London, England, United Kingdom |
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| | Cleveland Clinic – Cleveland, Ohio, United States |
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| | Institute of Physiology – Prague, Czech Republic |
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| | University of California, San Francisco – San Fancisco, California, United States |
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| | Merck Sharp and Dohme Limited – London, England, United Kingdom |
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