Category Archives: Mesenchymal Cell

Mesenchymal Cell News is an online publication and email newsletter that delivers updates on the latest research in the mesenchymal stem cell field.
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Mesenchymal Cell News is a weekly email newsletter covering topics such as the isolation, identification, and culturing conditions of mesenchymal stem cells, as well as their cellular characterization, behavior and differentiation capacities. We also include research that focuses on identifying tissue sources of mesenchymal stem cells and their potential therapeutic applications in regenerative medicine and cellular therapies.

Runx2 Regulates Mouse Tooth Root Development via Activation of WNT Inhibitor Notum

Investigators provided in vivo evidence that Runx2 played a crucial role in tooth root development and in regulating the differentiation of root progenitor cells.
[Journal of Bone and Mineral Research]
Wen, Q., Jing, J., Han, X., Feng, J., Yuan, Y., Ma, Y., Chen, S., Ho, T.-V., & Chai, Y. (n.d.). Runx2 regulates mouse tooth root development via activation of WNT inhibitor Notum. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, n/a(n/a). https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.4120 Cite
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Berberine Mediates Root Remodeling in an Immature Tooth with Apical Periodontitis by Regulating Stem Cells from Apical Papilla Differentiation

Osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from apical papilla was investigated by alkaline phosphatase activity, mineralization ability, and gene expression of osteogenic makers.
[International Journal of Oral Science]
Cui, Y., Xie, J., Fu, Y., Li, C., Zheng, L., Huang, D., Zhou, C., Sun, J., & Zhou, X. (2020). Berberine mediates root remodeling in an immature tooth with apical periodontitis by regulating stem cells from apical papilla differentiation. International Journal of Oral Science, 12(1), 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41368-020-0085-7 Cite
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Induction of ASC Pyroptosis Requires Gasdermin D or Caspase-1/11-Dependent Mediators and IFNβ from Pyroptotic Macrophages

Scientists found that LPS, flagellin, dsDNA, nigericin, or LPS combined with nigericin could not induce pyroptosis in adipose-tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
[Cell Death & Disease]
Zhang, C., Zhao, C., Chen, X., Tao, R., Wang, S., Meng, G., Liu, X., Shao, C., & Su, X. (2020). Induction of ASC pyroptosis requires gasdermin D or caspase-1/11-dependent mediators and IFNβ from pyroptotic macrophages. Cell Death & Disease, 11(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41419-020-2664-0 Cite
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Geriatric Fragility Fractures are Associated with a Human Skeletal Stem Cell Defect

Functional analysis of isolated stem cells revealed that advanced age significantly correlated with reduced osteochondrogenic potential but was not associated with decreased in vitro clonogenicity.
[Aging Cell]
Ambrosi, T. H., Goodnough, L. H., Steininger, H. M., Hoover, M. Y., Kim, E., Koepke, L. S., Marecic, O., Zhao, L., Seita, J., Bishop, J. A., Gardner, M. J., & Chan, C. K. F. (n.d.). Geriatric fragility fractures are associated with a human skeletal stem cell defect. Aging Cell, n/a(n/a), e13164. https://doi.org/10.1111/acel.13164 Cite
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TGF-β-Driven Downregulation of the Transcription Factor TCF7L2 affects Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling in PDGFRα+ Fibroblasts

The authors investigated whether damage-induced transforming growth factor β signaling impaired the expression and function of T-cell factor 4, using several models of MSCs, including skeletal muscle fibro-adipogenic progenitors.
[Journal of Cell Science]
Contreras, O., Soliman, H., Theret, M., Rossi, F. M. V., & Brandan, E. (2020). TGF-β-driven downregulation of the transcription factor TCF7L2 affects Wnt/β-catenin signaling in PDGFRα+ fibroblasts. Journal of Cell Science, 133(12). https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.242297 Cite
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Exosomes: Roles and Therapeutic Potential in Osteoarthritis

The authors summarize the roles and therapeutic potential of exosomes in osteoarthritis and discusses the perspectives and challenges related to exosome-based treatment for osteoarthritis patients in the future.
[Bone Research]
Ni, Z., Zhou, S., Li, S., Kuang, L., Chen, H., Luo, X., Ouyang, J., He, M., Du, X., & Chen, L. (2020). Exosomes: roles and therapeutic potential in osteoarthritis. Bone Research, 8(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41413-020-0100-9 Cite
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Fibronectin 1 Activates WNT/β-Catenin Signaling to Induce Osteogenic Differentiation via Integrin β1 Interaction

Researchers report that fibronectin 1 promoted differentiation and mineralization of osteoblasts by activating WNT/β-catenin pathway, in cultured pre-osteoblasts.
[Laboratory investigation]
Yang, C., Wang, C., Zhou, J., Liang, Q., He, F., Li, F., Li, Y., Chen, J., Zhang, F., Han, C., Liu, J., Li, K., & Tang, Y. (2020). Fibronectin 1 activates WNT/β-catenin signaling to induce osteogenic differentiation via integrin β1 interaction. Laboratory Investigation, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41374-020-0451-2 Cite
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Piezo2 Expressed in Proprioceptive Neurons Is Essential for Skeletal Integrity

While loss of Piezo2 in chondrogenic or osteogenic lineages did not lead to human-like skeletal abnormalities, its loss in proprioceptive neurons led to spine malalignment and hip dysplasia.
[Nature Communications]
Assaraf, E., Blecher, R., Heinemann-Yerushalmi, L., Krief, S., Carmel Vinestock, R., Biton, I. E., Brumfeld, V., Rotkopf, R., Avisar, E., Agar, G., & Zelzer, E. (2020). Piezo2 expressed in proprioceptive neurons is essential for skeletal integrity. Nature Communications, 11(1), 3168. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-16971-6 Cite
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Secretome Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Factors Fostering Oligodendroglial Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells In Vivo

Scientists demonstrated that MSC-derived factors could stimulate oligodendrogenesis and myelin sheath generation of adult neural stem cells transplanted into different rodent central nervous system regions.
[International Journal of Molecular Sciences]
Samper Agrelo, I., Schira-Heinen, J., Beyer, F., Groh, J., Bütermann, C., Estrada, V., Poschmann, G., Bribian, A., Jadasz, J. J., Lopez-Mascaraque, L., Kremer, D., Martini, R., Müller, H. W., Hartung, H. P., Adjaye, J., Stühler, K., & Küry, P. (2020). Secretome Analysis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Factors Fostering Oligodendroglial Differentiation of Neural Stem Cells In Vivo. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 21(12), 4350. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124350 Cite
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Bone Regeneration Capacities of Alveolar Bone Mesenchymal Stem Cells Sheet in Rabbit Calvarial Bone Defect

Scientists compared the osteogenic differentiation and bone defect repairment characteristics of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells sheets derived from alveolar bone and iliac bone in vitro and in vivo.
[Journal of Tissue Engineering]
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Human Gingiva-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Are Therapeutic in Lupus Nephritis through Targeting of CD39-CD73 Signaling Pathway

Investigators demonstrated that the adoptive transfer of gingiva derived mesenchymal stem cells homes to and maintains in the kidney and had a robust therapeutic effect in a spontaneous lupus nephritis model.
[Journal of Autoimmunity]
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