Intestinal Cell News Volume 1.01 | Mar 20 2015

Epsin Is Required for Dishevelled Stability and Wnt Signaling Activation in Colon Cancer Development
Researchers showed that loss of intestinal epithelial epsins protects against colon cancer by significantly reducing the stability of the crucial Wnt signaling effector, dishevelled (Dvl2), and impairing Wnt signalling. Consistently, epsins and Dvl2 are correspondingly upregulated in colon cancer. [Nat Commun] Full Article

The CDX1-MicroRNA-215 Axis Regulates Colorectal Cancer Stem Cell Differentiation
Scientists identified microRNA-215 (miR-215) as a target of CDX1 in colon cancer that mediates repression of BMI1. miR-215 operates downstream of CDX1 to promote differentiation and inhibit stemness. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

DUSP10 Regulates Intestinal Epithelial Cell Growth and Colorectal Tumorigenesis
Investigators showed that DUSP10 knockout mice had increased intestinal epithelial cell (IEC) proliferation and migration and developed less severe colitis than wild-type mice in response to dextran sodium sulphate treatment, which is associated with increased ERK1/2 activation and Krüppel-like factor 5 expression in IEC. [Oncogene] Abstract

Overexpression of DHX32 Contributes to the Growth and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
Scientists reported that DHX32 was overexpressed in human colon cancer cells. Overexpressed DHX32 promoted SW480 cancer cells proliferation, migration, and invasion, as well as decreased the susceptibility to chemotherapy agent 5-Fluorouracil. [Sci Rep] Full Article

The Anticancer Effect of (1S,2S,3E,7E,11E)-3,7,11, 15-Cembratetraen-17,2-olide(LS-1) through the Activation of TGF-β Signaling in SNU-C5/5-FU, Fluorouracil-Resistant Human Colon Cancer Cells
Investigators examined the effect of LS-1 on the apoptosis induction of SNU-C5/5-FU, fluorouracil-resistant human colon cancer cells. Furthermore, they investigated whether the apoptosis-induction effect of LS-1 could arise from the activation of the TGF-β pathway. [Mar Drugs] Full Article

Hunk/Mak-v Is a Negative Regulator of Intestinal Cell Proliferation
In the intestinal setting, researchers demonstrated that Hunk has a role in normal intestinal proliferation and homeostasis and, although it does not alter overall survival rates, activity of this kinase does impact on tumor initiation rates during the early stages in tumorigenesis in the small intestine. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

Evaluation of a Streptococcus thermophilus Strain with Innate Anti-Inflammatory Properties as a Vehicle for IL-10 cDNA Delivery in an Acute Colitis Model
Cells of S. thermophilus CRL807, previously selected as being an important anti-inflammatory strain, were electroporated with pValac::il-10 plasmid. In order to confirm the functionality of the developed strain, it was co-cultured with human epithelial cells Caco-2 and the production of IL-10 was evaluated by ELISA. [Cytokine] Abstract

Protective Effects of Intestinal Trefoil Factor (ITF) on Gastric Mucosal Epithelium through Activation of Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2)
The authors demonstrated that ITF enhanced the proliferation and migration of GES-1 gastric endothelial cells ing a dose- and time-dependent manner through the activation of ERK1/2. The ITF-mediated protection of GES-1 cells from a NS398 (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug) was dependent on the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. [Mol Cell Biochem] Abstract

INTESTINAL STEM CELL AND ORGANOID RESEARCH

Enriched Intestinal Stem Cell Seeding Improves the Architecture of Tissue-Engineered Intestine
Researchers developed a methodology to separate intestinal stem cell-enriched crypts from differentiated epithelial cell-containing villi to improve the morphology of tissue-engineered intestine. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

Generation of Distal Airway Epithelium from Multipotent Human Foregut Stem Cells
Scientists demonstrated the application of human foregut stem cells by generating a near homogeneous population of early pulmonary endoderm cells co-expressesing NKX2.1 and FOXP2. These progenitors were then able to form cells representative of distal airway epithelium that express NKX2.1, GATA6, CFTR and secrete SFTPC. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract | Press Release

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Key TxCell Patent to Be Granted in the United States for Its Lead Product Ovasave^®
TxCell SA announced that a key patent is to be granted by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The patent covers its lead product Ovasave^® in inflammatory bowel disease. Ovasave is currently being studied in a multinational placebo-controlled Phase IIb study in refractory Crohn’s disease. [TxCell SA] Press Release

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Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – New Therapies for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (Cornell University)

Scientist – PSC Biology and Bioengineering (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Biology Endoderm Lineages (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Positions – Innate Immunity and Intestinal Inflammation (Yale University School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Innate Immune Crosstalk (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus)

Assistant Professor – Regenerative Medicine (University of Nebraska Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Positions – Microbiota in Cancer (Mount Sinai School of Medicine)

Assistant/Associate Professors – Gastroenterology (North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine)

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