Intestinal Cell News Volume 2.29 | Aug 12 2016

TOP STORY

RSPO3 Expands Intestinal Stem Cell and Niche Compartments and Drives Tumorigenesis

Investigators provide in vivo evidence that RSPO3 stimulates the crypt stem cell and niche compartments and drives rapid intestinal tumorigenesis. [Gut] Full Article

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

INTESTINAL CANCERS & DISEASES

Fap2 Mediates Fusobacterium nucleatum Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Enrichment by Binding to Tumor-Expressed Gal-GalNAc

Researchers identified a host polysaccharide and fusobacterial lectin that explicates fusobacteria abundance in CRC. Gal-GalNAc, which is overexpressed in CRC, is recognized by fusobacterial Fap2, which functions as a Gal-GalNAc lectin. [Cell Host Microbe] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Probiotic-Derived Ferrichrome Inhibits Colon Cancer Progression via JNK-Mediated Apoptosis

Investigators showed that the culture supernatant of Lactobacillus casei ATCC334 has a strong tumor-suppressive effect on colon cancer cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article

A Protein-Truncating R179X Variant in RNF186 Confers Protection against Ulcerative Colitis

Scientists used targeted sequencing to conduct a search for protein-truncating variants conferring protection against inflammatory bowel disease exploiting knowledge of common variants associated with the same disease. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Cell Surface Galectin-3 Defines a Subset of Chemoresistant Gastrointestinal Tumor-Initiating Cancer Cells with Heightened Stem Cell Characteristics

Scientists examined the ability of galectin-3 to characterize the cancer stem cells (CSC) phenotype, and to identify a clinically important gastrointestinal cancer CSC population. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Ginsenoside Compound K Sensitizes Human Colon Cancer Cells to TRAIL-Induced Apoptosis via Autophagy-Dependent and -Independent DR5 Upregulation

The authors report that ginsenoside compound K potentiates tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis in HCT116 colon cancer cells and sensitizes TRAIL-resistant colon cancer HT-29 cells to TRAIL. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Enhancer Decommissioning by Snail1-Induced Competitive Displacement of TCF7L2 and Down-Regulation of Transcriptional Activators Results in EPHB2 Silencing

Researchers investigated the mechanisms that lead to EPHB2 enhancer inactivation. They showed that expression of EPHB2 and SNAIL1 – an inducer of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) – is anti-correlated in colorectal cancer cell lines and tumors. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Abstract

miR-6734 Up-Regulates p21 Gene Expression and Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells

The authors investigated the effects of miR-6734, which has a sequence homology with a specific region of p21^WAF1/CIP1 (p21) promoter, on cancer cell growth and the mechanisms involved in this effect. [PLoS One] Full Article

N-End Rule Pathway Inhibition Assists Colon Tumor Regression via Necroptosis

Utilizing the over expression of biotin receptor in cancer cells, scientists report that coadministration of synthetic hetero-bivalent N-end rule inhibitor RFC11 and anticancer drug shikonin solubilized in a stable biotin receptor-targeted liposome exhibited significant synergistic antitumor effects in both subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse colon tumor model through induction of necroptosis with distinctive upregulation of receptor interacting serine-threonine protein kinase-1 (RIPK1). [Mol Ther Oncolytics] Full Article

Bioengineering the Gut: Future Prospects of Regenerative Medicine

The authors summarize advances in the field of gastrointestinal tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

Georgia State Researcher Gets $1.8 Million to Study Gut Bacteria and Obesity-Related Diseases

Andrew Gewirtz has received a four-year, $1.8-million federal grant to study how changes in intestinal bacteria could lead to obesity and metabolic syndrome. [Georgia State University] Press Release

Plasticell and National University of Ireland Initiate Cancer Stem Cell Collaboration

Plasticell announced the signing of a collaboration agreement with the National University of Ireland, Galway focused on methods of eradicating cancer stem cells. [Plasticell] Press Release

NIH Sets New Postdoc Stipend Levels

In response to a new rule governing overtime pay in the United States, the National Institutes of Health announced its new, increased postdoc stipend levels, which will go into effect 1 December 2016. [Science Careers] Editorial

The FDA Is Prohibited from Going Germline

A potentially renewable provision of the Consolidated Appropriation Act of 2016 forestalling the prospect of human germline modification was signed into law on December 18th, 2015. The provision has since been incorporated again into the House and Senate appropriation bills for the fiscal year. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

US Agency Lifts Ban on Funding Human–Animal Hybrids

Researchers in the United States will soon be able to resume creating chimera-based projects. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 7^th International Conference on Stem Cells and Cancer (ICSCC-2016): Proliferation, Differentiation and Apoptosis
October 21-23, 2016
Goa, India

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Research Assistant – Stem Cell Biology of the Intestine (University of Cambridge)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow or PhD Student – Gastrointestinal Cancers (Goethe University Frankfurt)

Technical Sales Representative (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Senior Scientist – Human Microbiome (Nestle Institute of Health Sciences)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Chromatin Dynamics in Intestinal Innate Immunity Gene Expression (The Babraham Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Mucosal Immunology (KU Leuven)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Colon Cancer (German Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology of Listeria transcytosis Across the Intestinal Epithelium (Institut Pasteur Parius)

Assistant or Associate Member – Stem CellGene Therapy (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

PhD Student – Intestinal Epithelial Cell Death and Barrier Function (University of East Anglia)

Research Technician – Preclinical and Translational Research (Qu Biologics)

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