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Pulmonary Cell News| Intestinal Cell News 5.09 March 15, 2019 | |
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TOP STORYResearchers showed that proteins from segmented filamentous bacteria were transferred into intestinal epithelial cells through adhesion-directed endocytosis that was distinct from the clathrin-dependent endocytosis of invasive pathogens. [Science] Abstract | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Spatiotemporal Regulation of Clonogenicity in Colorectal Cancer Xenografts Investigators sought to unravel the clonal dynamics of colorectal cancer expansion in space and time by using a color-based clonal tracing method. This method involved lentiviral red-green-blue marking of cell populations, which enabled them to track individual cells and their clonal outgrowth during tumor initiation and growth in a xenograft model. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Full Article Kaiso Is Required for MTG16-Dependent Effects on Colitis-Associated Carcinoma Kaiso deficiency in the context of MTG16 loss reversed injury and pro-tumorigenic responses in the intestinal epithelium following azoxymethane and dextran sodium sulfate treatment, and tumor numbers were returned to near to wild-type levels. Kaiso knockdown in intestinal enteroids reduced stem- and WNT-associated phenotypes, thus abrogating the induction of these pathways observed in Mtg16−/− samples. [Oncogene] Abstract Overexpression of sex-determining region Y-box (SOX) 12 promoted colorectal cancer (CRC) cell proliferation and metastasis, whereas downregulation of SOX12 hampered CRC aggressiveness. Mechanistically, SOX12 facilitated asparagine synthesis by transactivating glutaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase 2, and asparagine synthetase. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article NAA40 Contributes to Colorectal Cancer Growth by Controlling PRMT5 Expression Depletion of N-alpha-acetyltransferase 40 (NAA40) inhibited cell proliferation and survival of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines and increased their sensitivity to 5-fluorouracil treatment. Moreover, the absence of NAA40 significantly delayed the growth of human CRC xenograft tumors. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article Loss of neogenin1 (NEO1) disrupted zonula adherens but tight junctions were unaffected. Neo1-depleted epithelial cells exhibited a more migratory morphology, had reduced F-actin rich stress-fibers and more basal lamellipodia. [Sci Rep] Full Article Using molecular and functional assays, researchers demonstrated that transient receptor potential melastatin-2 (TRPM2) downregulation significantly inhibited the migration and invasion abilities of gastric cancer cells, with a significant reversion in the expression level of metastatic markers. These effects were concomitant with decreased Akt and increased PTEN activities. [Sci Rep] Full Article The potential effects of conditioned media (CM) obtained from differentiated mouse 3T3-L1 cells and human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSC) on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of B16BL6 melanoma and colon 26-L5 cancer cells were investigated. The 3T3-L1 and hAMSC CM increased cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in both cell lines. [J Cell Physiol] Abstract The effects of SBPW3 on TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) were tested in colon cancer cells. SBPW3 reduced EMT by increasing the expression of epithelial markers and by decreasing the expression of mesenchymal markers by blocking the Smad2/3 signaling pathway in colon cancer cells. [Int J Biol Macromol] Abstract Investigators showed that dihydroxanthohumol (DXN) and tetrahydroxanthohumol (TXN) possessed improved anti-proliferative activity compared with xanthohumol (XN) in two colon and two hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, as indicated by their respective IC50 values. XN, DXN, and TXN induced extensive apoptosis in all these carcinoma cell lines. Finally, TXN induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in the colon carcinoma cell line HT29. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article Scientists evaluated the in vitro effects of a panel of natural compounds with focus on caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and Kaempferol for the treatment of human colon cancer. Both CAPE and Kaempferol inhibited cell proliferation, motility and invasion, and stimulated apoptosis and autophagy, concomitant with modifications in coding and noncoding genes’ expression. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Pulmonary Cell News & ESC & iPSC News. | |
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REVIEWSThe authors review current topics regarding extracellular vesicles as cancer biomarkers and introduce technologies used for these recently emerged biomolecules. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article Systems Biology Approaches to Investigating the Roles of Extracellular Vesicles in Human Diseases Investigators provide an overview of systems biology experiments performed in the field of extracellular vesicles (EVs). Furthermore, they provide examples of how in silico systems biology approaches can be used to identify correlations between genes involved in EV biogenesis and human diseases. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSThe Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced new data from the Phase III UNIFI study showing that a significantly greater proportion of adult patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis receiving STELARA® subcutaneous maintenance therapy were in clinical remission at one year, the study’s primary endpoint, compared to patients receiving placebo. [Press release from Janssen Global Services, LLC discussing research presented at the 14th Congress of the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO), Copenhagen] Press Release The presentation, given by Dr. Jean-Marc Steens, M.D., Chief Medical Officer of Abivax, showed that the magnitude of ABX464’s effects continued to increase during the first six months of the ongoing 12-month open-label, roll-over “maintenance” extension study, ABX464-102. [Press release from Abivax discussing research presented at the 14th Congress of the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO), Copenhagen] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSTakeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced results from the Phase IIIb head-to-head VARSITY study which demonstrated that the gut-selective biologic vedolizumab was superior to the anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha biologic adalimumab in achieving clinical remission in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis at week 52. [Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited] Press Release Theravance Biopharma, Inc. announced dosing of the first patient in a Phase IIb/III study of TD-1473 in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis. TD-1473 is a novel, orally administered and gut-selective pan-Janus kinase inhibitor in clinical development as a treatment for multiple inflammatory intestinal diseases. [Theravance Biopharma, Inc.] Press Release ImmunogenX announced the initiation of a Phase II clinical trial, sponsored by the National Institutes of Health’s National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, to be conducted at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester. The trial will test the safety and efficacy of the company’s lead therapeutic candidate Latiglutenase for the protection of intestinal health and the reduction of symptoms in the presence of a six week gluten challenge treatment period. [ImmunogenX (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release NCCN Awards Grants to Investigators to Study Trifluridine and Tipiracil in Various Cancers The National Comprehensive Cancer Network® (NCCN) Oncology Research Program has funded three investigators from NCCN Member Institutions through a collaborative scientific research relationship with Taiho Oncology, Inc. to further evaluate the clinical effectiveness and safety of trifluridine and tipiracil for treatment of various advanced, solid tumors. [The National Comprehensive Cancer Network] Press Release Evoke Pharma Submits Response to FDA Review Letter for Gimoti™ NDA Evoke Pharma, Inc. announced that it has submitted its response to the FDA multi-disciplinary review letter that was received in association with the Gimoti 505 New Drug Application (NDA). [Evoke Pharma, Inc.] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSNorway Joins List of Countries Canceling Elsevier Contracts Norway has become latest country to cancel its contracts with Elsevier following a dispute over access to research papers. In a statement published March 12, the Norwegian Directorate for ICT and Joint Services in Higher Education and Research, which represents a consortium of research institutions in the country, rejected Elsevier’s offer to lower some of its costs for Norwegian institutions because it didn’t go far enough to promote free access to published research. [The Scientist] Editorial In a First, US Private Sector Employs Nearly as Many PhDs as Schools Do The job market for US science and engineering Ph.D.s is about to pass a long-anticipated milestone. For decades, educational institutions have been the largest employer of PhDs. In 1997, for instance, they eclipsed private sector employment by 11 percentage points, according to the US National Science Foundation’s biennial Survey of Doctorate Recipients. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Ned Sharpless, Director of the National Cancer Institute, to Be Named Acting FDA Commissioner The Trump administration announced it would name Ned Sharpless, the director of the National Cancer Institute, the acting commissioner of the FDA next month. The announcement came just a week after the current commissioner, Scott Gottlieb, announced he plans to resign in early April. [STAT News] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW AACR: The Hippo Pathway: Signaling, Cancer, and Beyond Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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JOB OPPORTUNITIESNEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Functional Genomics & IBD (Wellcome Sanger Institute) Postdoctoral Fellow – IBD Therapeutics Research (Wellcome Sanger Instiute) Faculty Position- General Gastroenterology (Oregon Health and Science University) Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Intestinal Stem Cell Biology (Columbia University) Advanced Research Assistant – Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research (Wellcome Sanger Institute) Associate Professor – Oncology (University of California, Davis) Postdoctoral Position – Paneth Cells (Erasmus MC Cancer Institute) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
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