Prostate Cell News Volume 7.39 | Oct 21 2016

TOP STORY

Androgen Receptor Tumor Suppressor Function Is Mediated by Recruitment of Retinoblastoma Protein

Genes required for DNA replication are highly enriched among androgen-repressed genes, and androgen receptor (AR) is recruited to the majority of these genes, where it rapidly represses their transcription. Researchers showed that this activity is enhanced in prostate cancer cells expressing high AR levels and is mediated by recruitment of hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma protein. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

LABORATORY RESEARCH

6α-Acetoxyanopterine: A Novel Structure Class of Mitotic Inhibitor Disrupting Microtubule Dynamics in Prostate Cancer Cells

Scientists report the mechanism of action of the natural product 6α-acetoxyanopterine in prostate cancer cells. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract

Massive Release of Extracellular Vesicles from Cancer Cells after Photodynamic Treatment or Chemotherapy

Scientists found that one of the responses of in vitro and in vivo cancer cells to photodynamic therapy was a massive production and emission of extracellular vesicles: only 1 hour after the photo-activation, thousands of vesicles per cell were emitted in the extracellular medium. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Targeting of CYP17A1 Lyase by Vt-464 Inhibits Adrenal and Intratumoral Androgen Biosynthesis and Tumor Growth of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer

Scientists showed that the administration of VT-464 in a metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patient presenting with high tumoral expression of both androgen receptor and Cytochrome P450 17α-hydroxylase/17,20-lyase (CYP17A1), showed significant reduction in the level of both dehydroepiandrosterone and serum PSA. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition Leads to Disease-Stage Differences in Circulating Tumor Cell Detection and Metastasis in Pre-Clinical Models of Prostate Cancer

The authors developed two pre-clinical assays to assess human circulating tumor cells (CTC)s in xenograft models; one comparable to CellSearch^® (EpCAM-based) and one detecting CTCs semi-independent of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) status via combined staining with EpCAM/human leukocyte antigen. In vivo differences in CTC generation, kinetics, metastasis and EMT status were determined using 4 prostate cancer models with progressive epithelial (LNCaP, LNCaP-C42B) to mesenchymal (PC-3, PC-3M) phenotypes. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Visualization of Early Prostatic Adenocarcinoma as a Stem Cell Disease

Investigators demonstrated that at the time of diagnosis, prostatic adenocarcinoma (PrCa) consists of cells exhibiting properties of cancer stem cells and consistent with the possibility that PrCa is a stem cell disease. [Oncotarget] Full Article

Gli Transcription Factors Mediate the Oncogenic Transformation of Prostate Basal Cells Induced by a Kras-Androgen Receptor Axis

Researchers demonstrated that an expanded p63⁺ and CK5⁺ basal/progenitor cell population, induced by the concomitant activation of oncogenic Kras and androgen receptor signaling, underwent cell differentiation in vivo. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

Transgenic Expression of Mitochondrial Chaperone TRAP1 Accelerates Prostate Cancer Development

Investigators showed that transgenic mice expressing the mitochondrial chaperone, TRAP1 in the prostate develop epithelial hyperplasia and cellular atypia. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

PTTG1, a Novel Androgen Responsive Gene Is Required for Androgen-Induced Prostate Cancer Cell Growth and Invasion

Scientists showed that androgen treatment of LNCaP cells induced PTTG1 expression, which was blocked by the androgen receptor antagonist, Casodex. [Exp Cell Res] Abstract

lncRNA GAS₅ Inhibits Proliferation and Progression of Prostate Cancer by Targeting miR-103 through AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway

The authors aimed to clarify the underlying mechanisms of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) GAS₅ in prostate cancer. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

Enhanced Detection Sensitivity of Prostate-Specific Antigen via PSA-Conjugated Gold Nanoparticles Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance: GNP-Coated Anti-PSA/LSPR as a Novel Approach for the Identification of Prostate Anomalies

Investigators aimed to develop a gold nanoparticle-conjugated anti-prostate-specific antigen (PSA) antibody-based localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) as a novel approach to detect prostatic disease. [Cancer Gene Ther] Abstract

CLINICAL RESEARCH

Development and Validation of a 24-Gene Predictor of Response to Postoperative Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer: A Matched, Retrospective Analysis

Investigators aimed to develop and validate a gene expression signature to predict which patients would benefit most from postoperative radiotherapy. [Lancet Oncol] Abstract

p62 in Cancer: Signaling Adaptor Beyond Autophagy

The authors discuss new evidence that supports an autophagy-independent key role of the adaptor p62 in signaling functions central to tumor initiation in the epithelium and suppression of tumor progression in the stroma. [Cell] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the prostate cell research field.

£5 Million Invested in New Center for Future Health

The award will be used to focus research on future technologies and health policy leading to clinical practice. The center for suture health will also provide support for developing the careers of future research leaders and fund new national and international collaborative work. [University of York] Press Release

GenomeDx’s Decipher GRID Aids in Development and Validation of the First Molecular Signature to Predict Response to Radiotherapy in Prostate Cancer

GenomeDx Biosciences announced that gene expression profiles in the company’s Decipher Genomics Resource Information Database (Decipher GRID^®) were used in the discovery of post-operative radiation therapy outcomes score, the first validated molecular signature developed to predict patients’ response to radiotherapy in prostate cancer. [Genome Dx] Press Release

Europe’s Drug Regulator Opens Vaults of Clinical-Trials Data

In a move lauded as a landmark for transparency in medical science, the London-based European Medicines Agency (EMA) has begun to publish details of the full clinical-trial data that it receives from pharmaceutical companies. The disclosures make the EMA the first major drug regulatory agency to publish the warts-and-all results of clinical investigations that drug developers submit when they apply for the agency’s approval to market medicines in the EU. [Nature News] Editorial

Reports of ‘Three-Parent Babies’ Multiply

Claims of infants created using mitochondrial-replacement techniques stir scientific and ethical debate. [Nature News] Editorial

How Republicans Reshaped the House Science Committee

Lamar Smith has made his mark on science. As chairman of the US House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Texas Republican has launched dozens of investigations into alleged wrongdoing by scientists, environmental groups and government officials. And he shows no signs of slowing down. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW The International Congress on Clinical Trials in Oncology and Hemato-Oncology (ICTO2017)
March 16-17, 2017
London, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Pharmacogenomics Prostate Cancer (Moffitt Cancer Center)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Biology (Weill Cornell Medicine)

Bioinformatician – Prostate Cancer (University of Oxford)

Bioinformatics – Postdoctoral Research Fellow (Institute of Cancer Research)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Prostate Disease (Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Prostate Cancer Genomics (The Ohio State University, College of Pharmacy)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Cancer Biology (University of Maryland)

Chair of Medical Biology (Masaryk University)

Research Intern – Prostate Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Senior VP and Director Clinical Research – Oncology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

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