LABORATORY RESEARCH Coactivator SRC-2-Dependent Metabolic Reprogramming Mediates Prostate Cancer Survival and Metastasis Researchers determined that upregulation of the oncogenic transcriptional coregulator steroid receptor coactivator 2 (SRC-2), also known as NCOA2, drives glutamine-dependent de novo lipogenesis, which supports tumor cell survival and eventual metastasis. [J Clin Invest] Full Article Aldehyde Dehydrogenase Is Regulated by Beta-Catenin/TCF and Promotes Radioresistance in Prostate Cancer Progenitor Cells Scientists show that aldehyde dehydrogenase activity is indicative of radioresistant prostate progenitor cells with an enhanced DNA repair capacity and activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Cancer Res] Abstract Discovery of CTCF-Sensitive Cis-Spliced Fusion RNAs between Adjacent Genes in Human Prostate Cells In transcriptome analyses of 28 prostate normal and cancer samples, 30% fusion RNAs on average are the transcripts that contain exons belonging to same-strand neighboring genes. To validate this finding and to better understand the phenomenon, scientists used LNCaP, a prostate cell line as a model, and identified 16 additional cis-splicing between adjacent genes events by silencing transcription factor CTCF and paired-end RNA sequencing. [PLoS Genet] Full Article Ethanol Extract of Remotiflori radix Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Cell Death through AMPK/mTOR Signaling in Human Prostate Cancer Cells Scientists used the ethanol extract of R. radix (ERR) and the PC-3 and DU145 prostate cancer cell lines in this study. They found that greater than 100 μg/mL ERR caused dose- and time-dependent cell death. [Sci Rep] Full Article A Genetic Variant of MDM4 Influences Regulation by Multiple MicroRNAs in Prostate Cancer Scientists show using reporter gene assays and endogenous MDM4 expression analyses that microRNA (miR)-191-5p and miR-887 have a specific affinity for the rs4245739 SNP C-allele in prostate cancer. These miRNAs do not affect MDM4 mRNA levels but rather inhibit its translation in C-allele containing PC3 cells but not in LNCaP cells homozygous for the A-allele. [Endocr Relat Cancer] Abstract Regulation of the ITGA2 Gene by Epigenetic Mechanisms in Prostate Cancer Bisulphite sequencing of the ITGA2 promoter was used to assess methylation in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded prostate tumor specimens and prostate cancer cell lines, PC3, 22Rv1 and LNCaP. [Prostate] Abstract Tomato Paste Alters NF-κB and Cancer-Related mRNA Expression in Prostate Cancer Cells, Xenografts, and Xenograft Microenvironment Researchers investigated whether tomato paste could modulate nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity and cancer-related gene expression in human derived prostate cancer cells (PC3) and PC3 xenografts. [Nutr Cancer] Abstract CLINICAL RESEARCH Phase I Trial of a Cancer Vaccine Consisting of 20 Mixed Peptides in Patients with Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Dose-Related Immune Boosting and Suppression Researchers evaluated the safety and immune dynamics of a cancer vaccine consisting of 20 mixed peptides designed to induce cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) against 12 different tumor-associated antigens in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Abstract Prospective Evaluation of Low-Dose Ketoconazole plus Hydrocortisone in Docetaxel Pre-Treated Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Patients Chemotherapy-naïve patients treated with attenuated doses of ketoconazole had PSA response rate of 21-62%. Researchers hypothesized that low-dose ketoconazole would likewise possess efficacy and tolerability in the castration-resistant prostate cancer post-chemotherapy state. [Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis] Abstract |