Intestinal Cell News Volume 6.07 | Feb 28 2020

TOP STORY

Single-Chromosomal Gains Can Function as Metastasis Suppressors and Promoters in Colon Cancer

To examine the relationship between aneuploidy and cancer progression, researchers analyzed a series of congenic cell lines that harbored single extra chromosomes. They found that across 13 different trisomic cell lines, 12 trisomies suppressed invasiveness or were largely neutral, while a single trisomy increased metastatic behavior by triggering a partial epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Dev Cell] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

TRIM34 Attenuates Colon Inflammation and Tumorigenesis by Sustaining Barrier Integrity

The authors identified a novel function of TRIM34 in goblet cells (GCs) in controlling inner mucus layer generation. Upon DSS treatment, TRIM34 deficiency led to a reduction in Muc2 secretion by GCs and subsequent defects in the inner mucus layer. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

Commonly Observed RNF43 Mutations Retain Functionality in Attenuating Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Unlikely Confer Wnt-Dependency onto Colorectal Cancers

Scientists observed that tumors with a functional mismatch repair system showed a predominant 5′-location of truncating RNF43 mutations, suggesting C-terminal truncations such as the most commonly reported p.G659fs mutation, did not affect β-catenin signaling. [Oncogene] Abstract

Inflammation-Induced JMJD2D Promotes Colitis Recovery and Colon Tumorigenesis by Activating Hedgehog Signaling

The authors showed that colonic JMJD2D was induced by TNFα during dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis. JMJD2D-deficient mice exhibited more severe colon damage and defective colon regeneration due to impaired Hedgehog signaling activation after colitis. [Oncogene] Abstract

EMT Transcription Factor ZEB1 Alters the Epigenetic Landscape of Colorectal Cancer Cells

In silico analysis was performed in combination with different in vitro and in vivo techniques to identify and verify novel epigenetic targets of ZEB1, and to proof the direct transcriptional regulation of SETD1B by ZEB1. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Long Non-Coding RNA POU6F2-AS2 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Drug Resistance in Colon Cancer by Regulating miR‐377/BRD4

Up-regulated POU6F2-AS2 promoted cell proliferation and cell cycle of colon cancer cells. Overexpression of POU6F2-AS2 inhibited the expression of miR-377 and then up-regulated the expression of BRD4. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article

Intestinal Ex Vivo Organoid Culture Reveals Altered Programmed Crypt Stem Cells in Patients with Celiac Disease

The ex vivo generation of gastrointestinal organoids from crypt stem cells opens up the possibility of new research approaches investigating gastrointestinal diseases. Researchers used this technology to study differences between healthy controls and patients with celiac disease. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Physical Biomarkers of Disease Progression: On-Chip Monitoring of Changes in Mechanobiology of Colorectal Cancer Cells

Scientists investigated the deformability of three colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines using a range of flow conditions. These cell lines offered a model for CRC metastatic progression; SW480 derived from primary adenocarcinoma, HT29 from a more advanced primary tumor and SW620 from lymph-node metastasis. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Development of Physiologically Responsive Human iPSC-Derived Intestinal Epithelium to Study Barrier Dysfunction in IBD

Researchers developed an in vitro model of intestinal permeability using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human intestinal organoids and human colonic organoids to study barrier dysfunction. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

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Pathway Paradigms Revealed from the Genetics of Inflammatory Bowel Disease

The authors describe inflammatory bowel disease as a model disease in the context of leveraging human genetics to dissect interactions in cellular and molecular pathways that regulate homeostasis of the mucosal immune system. [Nature] Abstract

Organoid Models of Gastrointestinal Cancers in Basic and Translational Research

Researchers review the current literature on organoid models of the most common gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer, gastric cancer, oesophageal cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer, and their value in modeling tumor initiation, metastatic progression and therapy response. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract

Epithelial Toll-Like Receptors and Their Role in Gut Homeostasis and Disease

Investigators focus on the expression, regulation and functions of Toll-like receptors in the different intestinal epithelial lineages to analyze how epithelial recognition of bacteria participates in establishing homeostasis in the gut. [Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol] Abstract

Gastrointestinal Tract Modeling Using Organoids Engineered with Cellular and Microbiota Niches

Scientists review the recent progress made in elucidating the crosstalk between gastrointestinal organoids and components of their microenvironment. [Exp Mol Med] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the intestinal cell research field.

VBL Therapeutics Announces the Launch of a New Clinical Trial of VB-111 Combined with the Checkpoint Inhibitor, Nivolumab, in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

VBL Therapeutics announced the launch of a Phase II clinical trial of VB-111 in combination with nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, in the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. This new study will investigate if priming with VB-111 can drive immune cells into the tumor and turn the colorectal tumor from immunologically “cold” to “hot.” [Vascular Biogenics Ltd.] Press Release

Anokion Announces Initiation of Patient Dosing in Phase I Clinical Trial of KAN-101 in Celiac Disease

Anokion SA announced the initiation of patient dosing in the company’s multi-center Phase I clinical trial to evaluate KAN-101, the company’s lead antigen-specific drug candidate, for the treatment of celiac disease. [Anokion SA] Press Release

Takeda Acquires PvP Biologics following Results of a Phase I Study of TAK-062 (Kuma062) for the Treatment of Celiac Disease

Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited announced that it has acquired PvP Biologics, Inc. following the conclusion of a Phase I proof-of-mechanism study of investigational medicine TAK-062 for the treatment of uncontrolled celiac disease. [Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited] Press Release

Federal Judge Rules Clinical Trial Sponsors Must Publish a Decade’s Worth of Missing Data

For years, government research agencies have misinterpreted a law that requires them to collect and post clinical trial data, a federal judge ruled this week, leaving behind a ten-year gap in data that now must be made publicly available. [STAT News] Editorial

Contract Offers Unprecedented Look at Google Deal to Obtain Patient Data from the University of California

It was the fall of 2015 when researchers from Google and the University of California, San Francisco, first sat down together to hash out a research collaboration in an area that has since exploded with activity: using artificial intelligence to make predictions in the hospital. [STAT News] Editorial

NEW International Society for Stem Cell Research (ISSCR): Advances in Stem Cell Research: From Single Cells to Organs
October 12-14, 2020
Paris, France

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW PhD Student Position – Intestinal Stem Cell Research (Karolinska Institutet)

NEW Lab Manager – Intestinal Research (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow Position – Gene Editing and Genomic Evolution (Northwestern University)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Microbiology and Ecology (Technical University of Denmark)

Assistant Professor – Food, Nutrition and Gastrointestinal Health (Wageningen University & Research Centre)

Postdoctoral Position – Inflammatory Bowel Disease (University of Copenhagen)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Postdoctoral Position – Intestinal Immunity (The University of Chicago)

Postdoctoral Associate – Intestinal Immunology (The Scripps Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Position – Epigenetic Control by the Novel Histone Methyltransferase KMT9 (University of Freiburg)

Research Scientist – In Vivo Research on Wnt Signaling in Self-Renewal (Surrozen)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

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