Neural Cell News Volume 13.45 | Nov 20 2019

TOP STORY

Brain Cell Type-Specific Enhancer-Promoter Interactome Maps and Disease Risk Association

Interactome maps connecting disease-risk variants in cell type-specific enhancers to promoters revealed an extended microglia gene network in Alzheimer’s disease. Deletion of a microglia-specific enhancer harboring Alzheimer’s disease-risk variants ablated BIN1 expression in microglia but not in neurons or astrocytes. [Science] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Genetic Identification of Vagal Sensory Neurons That Control Feeding

Researchers used an approach for target-specific, single-cell RNA sequencing to generate a map of the vagal cell types that innervated the gastrointestinal tract. They showed that unique molecular markers identified vagal neurons with distinct innervation patterns, sensory endings, and function. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Sensory Cortical Control of Movement

Using optogenetics and pharmacogenetics in combination with in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology, scientists provided evidence for a direct corticospinal pathway from the primary somatosensory cortex that synapses with cervical excitatory neurons. [Nat Neurosci] Abstract

Resolving and Rescuing Developmental Miswiring in a Mouse Model of Cognitive Impairment

Researchers reported that pyramidal neurons in superficial layers of the prefrontal cortex were key elements causing disorganized oscillatory entrainment of local circuits in beta-gamma frequencies. Their abnormal firing rate and timing related to sparser dendritic arborization and lower spine density. [Neuron] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Mitochondrial Damage by α-Synuclein Causes Cell Death in Human Dopaminergic Neurons

Scientists investigated deleterious effects of mitochondria-targeted α-synuclein (aSYN) in differentiated human dopaminergic neurons in comparison with wild-type aSYN overexpression and corresponding enhanced green fluorescent protein-expressing controls. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Neurons Can Upregulate Cav-1 to Increase Intake of Endothelial Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles That Attenuate Apoptosis via miR-1290

Investigators examined the effects of endothelial cells-derived extracellular vesicles on neurons suffering from oxygen-glucose deprivation, which mimicked neuronal ischemia-reperfusion injury in human diseases. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

TRIP13 Promotes the Cell Proliferation, Migration and Invasion of Glioblastoma through the FBXW7/C-MYC Axis

The authors generated glioblastoma cell models with overexpressed or silenced TRIP13 via lentivirus-mediated overexpression and RNAi methods. The biological role of TRIP13 in the proliferation, migration and invasion of glioblastoma cells has been further explored. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

LINC00680 and TTN-AS1 Stabilized by EIF4A3 Promoted Malignant Biological Behaviors of Glioblastoma Cells

Knockdown of RNA binding protein EIF4A3, LINC00680 and TTN-AS1 impaired proliferation, migration and invasion as well as inhibiting growth of tumor in vivo and promoting apoptosis of glioblastoma cells. [Mol Ther Nucleic Acids] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Deep Proteome Profiling of the Hippocampus in the 5XFAD Mouse Model Reveals Biological Process Alterations and a Novel Biomarker of Alzheimer’s Disease

Since the hippocampus is a major region affected in the Alzheimer’s disease brain, researchers performed hippocampal analysis and identified proteins that were differentially expressed between wild-type and 5XFAD model mice via LC-MS methods. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article

Co-stimulation with IL-1β and TNF-α Induces an Inflammatory Reactive Astrocyte Phenotype with Neurosupportive Characteristics in a Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Model System

The authors induced a reactive phenotype in human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived astrocytes and studied the inflammatory natures and effects of these cells on human neurons. [Sci Rep] Full Article

PKCγ Promotes Axonal Remodeling in the Cortico-Spinal Tract via GSK3β/β-Catenin Signaling after Traumatic Brain Injury

Scientists deployed loss and gain of function strategies in N2a cells and primary cortical neurons in vitro, and demonstrated that gamma isoform of PKC (PKCγ) was not only important but necessary for neuronal differentiation, neurite outgrowth and axonal branching but not for axonal extension. [Sci Rep] Abstract

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A Role for Spinal Cord Hypoxia in Neurodegeneration

Damage to the vascular system of the spinal cord will develop after a traumatic event or as a result of pathology. Understanding the role of, and tissue response to, chronic hypoxia is particularly important, where inherent neural damage exacerbates the vulnerability of the nervous system to stressors including hypoxia. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Clinical Phenotype, Radiological Features, and Treatment of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein-Immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG) Optic Neuritis

Researchers review the clinical characteristics, radiological manifestations and treatment of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-immunoglobulin G (IgG) optic neuritis. [Curr Opin Neurol] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the neural cell research field.

CarThera and KIYATEC Collaborate in Effort to Bring Personalized Medicine to Patients Stricken by Brain Cancer

KIYATEC, Inc. and CarThera announced that they have entered into a clinical collaboration for the purpose of advancing innovation and improving treatments for patients diagnosed with glioblastoma. [KIYATEC, Inc.] Press Release

CNS Pharmaceuticals Acquired Worldwide Rights for Brain Cancer Drug from Houston Pharmaceuticals

CNS Pharmaceuticals, Inc. completed an agreement with Houston Pharmaceuticals, Inc. to obtain the rights to a worldwide, exclusive royalty-bearing, license for the chemical compound commonly known as Berubicin. [CNS Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

The Science Institutions Hiring Integrity Inspectors to Vet Their Papers

Some researchers have their manuscripts screened for errors before they go to journals. [Nature News] Editorial

Foreign Interference Fears Prompt Guidelines for Australian Universities

New guidelines will help Australian universities protect themselves against foreign interference, says the country’s government. The advice follows concerns that foreign groups or governments, such as the government of China, might be seeking to instigate campus activities that are against Australia’s interests. [Nature News] Editorial

Violent Clashes at Hong Kong Universities Disrupt Research

Three universities in Hong Kong have cancelled classes on campus for the rest of the term after violent clashes between police and protestors erupted in the grounds. At least another four universities have also cancelled classes – in some cases for the rest of the year – over safety concerns. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Advancing Precision Medicine Drug Development: Incorporation of Real-World Data and Other Novel Strategies
January 9-12, 2020
San Diego, California, United States

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NEW Postdoctoral Associate – Glia and Neuron Interaction (Howard Hughes Medical Institute)

NEW Multiple Faculty Positions – Neuroscience and Neuroengineering (Tsinghua University)

Faculty Position – Neuroimmunology (Mayo Clinic Comprehensive Cancer Center)

PhD Student – Interneuron Developmental Dynamics (Flanders Institute for Biotechnology)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience (Karolinska Institutet)

Faculty Positions – Neuroscience and Behavioral Disorders (Duke-NUS Medical School)

Research Associate – Adult CNS Progenitors (University of Cambridge)

Faculty Positions – Brain Disorders (IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research)

Assistant Professor – The Neural Basis of Behavior (Mortimer B. Zuckerman Mind Brain Behavior Institute)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Neural Precursor Cells (University of South Florida)

Faculty Positions – Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders (University of South Carolina)

Faculty Positions – Brain Disorders (IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research)

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