Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 2.16 | Apr 24 2013

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    Cancer Stem Cell News 2.16 April 24, 2013
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         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Stem Cells for Metastasis Found in Blood of Breast Cancer Patients
    Scientists have characterized cancer cells that can initiate metastasis in the blood of breast cancer patients. These cells have properties of cancer stem cells and are characterized by three surface proteins. [Press release from the German Cancer Research Center discussing online prepublication in Nature Biotechnology] Press Release | Abstract

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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

    A Pyrrolo-Pyrimidine Derivative Targets Human Primary AML Stem Cells In Vivo
    The authors performed a large-scale chemical library screen that integrated a high-throughput enzyme inhibition assay, in silico binding prediction, and crystal structure determination and found a candidate hematopoietic cell kinase inhibitor, RK-20449, a pyrrolo-pyrimidine derivative with an enzymatic IC50 in the subnanomolar range. In vivo administration of RK-20449 to nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient/IL2rgnull mice engrafted with highly aggressive therapy-resistant acute myeloid leukemia (AML) significantly reduced human leukemia stem cell and non-stem AML burden. [Sci Transl Med]
    Abstract
    | Press Release

    The Identification and Characterization of Breast Cancer CTCs Competent for Brain Metastasis
    In epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM)-negative circulating tumor cells (CTCs), researchers identified a potential signature of brain metastasis comprising “brain metastasis selected markers” HER2+/EGFR+/HPSE+/Notch1+. These CTCs, which are not captured by the CellSearch platform because of their EpCAM negativity, were analyzed for cell invasiveness and metastatic competency in vivo. [Sci Transl Med] Abstract | Press Release

    Protein Kinase Cα Suppresses Kras-Mediated Lung Tumor Formation through Activation of a p38 MAPK-TGFβ Signaling Axis
    Protein kinase C alpha (PKCα) can activate both pro- and anti-tumorigenic signaling depending upon cellular context. Researchers investigated the role of PKCα in lung tumorigenesis in vivo. [Oncogene] Abstract

    Propagation of Human Prostate Cancer Stem-Like Cells Occurs through EGFR-Mediated ERK Activation
    Researchers provided evidence that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling promotes prostate cancer stem-like cell self-renewal, in part, by activating the MEK-extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) pathway. [PLoS One] Full Article

    G Protein-Coupled Receptor 87 (GPR87) Promotes the Growth and Metastasis of CD133+ Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
    Investigators explored the role of GPR87 in the regulation of CD133 expression. They demonstrated that the overexpression of GPR87 up-regulated CD133 expression, promoted cancer stem cell-associated migratory and invasive properties in vitro, and increased tumor initiation in vivo. [PLoS One] Full Article

    miR-125b Regulates Side Population in Breast Cancer and Confers a Chemoresistant Phenotype
    Researchers isolated and characterized side population (SP) cells in a panel of breast cancer cell lines and primary cancer cells from breast cancer patients. SP cells showed cancer stem cells properties, including self-renewal, resistance to chemotherapy and high expression of stem cell markers. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

    The Usefulness of Three-Dimensional Cell Culture in Induction of Cancer Stem Cells from Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Lines
    Cancer stem cells are assumed to be present in esophageal cancer, but experimental methods for identification and culture of these cells have not yet been established. To solve this problem, researchers created spheroids using a NanoCulture® Plate for three-dimensional (3-D) cell culture, which was designed as a means for experimentally reproducing the 3-D structures found in the body. They investigated the potential for induction of cancer stem cells from esophageal cancer cells. [Biochem Biophys Res Commun] Abstract

    Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Triggers Cancer Stem Cell Generation in Human Thyroid Cancer Cells
    Results indicate that EMT induction promotes cancer stem cell traits and cell proportions in the thyroid cancer cells, which implies that EMT could induce cancer stem cell generation and tumor progression in thyroid cancers. [Int J Oncol] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Multilayer Control of the EMT Master Regulators
    Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in the regulation of cancer stem cell property, immune suppression and cancer regression. Researchers review the recent literature on the signaling pathways and mechanisms that control the expression of these master transcription factors during EMT and cancer progression. [Oncogene] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field.

    INDUSTRY NEWS

    NW Bio’s Phase III Trial with DCVax®-L for Brain Cancer “Adopted” as a National Priority Trial in UK
    Northwest Biotherapeutics (NW Bio), a biotechnology company developing DCVax® personalized immune therapies for solid tumor cancers, announced that the Company’s Phase III clinical trial for glioblastoma multiforme brain cancer has been “adopted” as a national priority trial in the UK, under the “adoption” program managed by the National Institute for Health Research, which is part of the UK’s National Health System. [Northwest Biotherapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

    Multi-Million Dollar Gift Establishes Brain Tumor Center at Methodist
    Brain and pituitary tumor patients will soon have access to a state-of-the-art facility at The Methodist Hospital, a result of a $10 million dollar commitment from a Houston oil executive. [The Methodist Hospital System] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

    EVENTS
    NEW 14th International TNF Conference: Tumor Necrosis Factor 2013
    July 7-10, 2013
    Quebec City, Canada

    Visit our
    events page to see a complete list of events in the cancer stem cell community.

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    PhD Studentship Opportunity (University of East Anglia)

    Faculties in Cancer Biology & Immunotherapy (Huzhou University School of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Pancreatic Cancer (University of Notre Dame, Department of Biological Sciences)

    Postdoctoral Associate (University of California, Berkeley)

    Postdoctoral Scholarship – Leukemia Stem Cell Biology (Lund University – Faculty of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Scientist – Defining and Targeting Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Leukemia (University of Oxford)

    PhD Position – Cancer Biology (Cardiff School of Biosciences)


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