Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 3.40 | Oct 15 2014

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    Cancer Stem Cell News 3.40 October 15, 2014

    Cancer Stem Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    GPR84 Sustains Aberrant β-Catenin Signaling in Leukemic Stem Cells for Maintenance of MLL Leukemogenesis
    Researchers identified a novel β-catenin regulator, GPR84, a member of the G protein-coupled receptor family that represents a highly tractable class of drug targets. High GPR84 expression levels were confirmed in human and mouse acute myeloid leukemia stem cells compared to hematopoietic stem cells. [Blood] Abstract
    Learn to Enumerate Mammospheres & Tumorspheres Cultured in MammoCult: Watch Procedure Now

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Oct-4 and Nanog Promote the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition of Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Are Associated with Poor Prognosis in Breast Cancer Patients
    Characterization of CD44+CD24 cancer stem cells (CSC) derived from breast cancer cells indicated that CSC rapidly formed mammospheres and had potent tumorigenicity in vivo. [Oncotarget] Full Article

    RRAD Promotes EGFR-Mediated STAT3 Activation and Induces Temozolomide Resistance of Malignant Glioblastoma
    Researchers show that GTP-binding protein RRAD (RAS associated with diabetes, RAD) physically associates with EGFR, and EEA1, enhancing the stability and endosome-associated nuclear translocation of EGFR. Functionally, RRAD contributes to the activation of STAT3 and expression of the stem cell factors, OCT4, NANOG, and SOX2, thereby enhancing self-renewing ability, tumor sphere formation, EMT, and in vivo tumorigenesis. [Mol Cancer Ther] Abstract

    Rapid Adherence to Collagen IV Enriches for Tumor Initiating Cells in Oral Cancer
    Researchers investigated possibilities to isolate a population of cancer cells with tumor initiating properties based on their adherence properties, rather than expression of defined markers or clonogenicity. [Eur J Cancer] Abstract

    Mast Cell Exosomes Promote Lung Adenocarcinoma Cell Proliferation Role of KIT-Stem Cell Factor Signaling
    Scientists demonstrate that exosomes from mast cells can be taken up by lung cancer cells. Furthermore, HMC exosomes contain and transfer KIT protein, but not the c-KIT mRNA to A549 cells and subsequently activate KIT-SCF signal transduction, which increase cyclin D1 expression and accelerate the proliferation in the human lung adenocarcinoma cells. [Cell Commun Signal] Abstract | Full Article

    Inhibition of the Cancer Stem Cell-Like Properties by Arsenic Trioxide, Involved in the Attenuation of Endogenous Transforming Growth Factor Beta Signal
    Researchers found that arsenic trioxide (As2O3) attenuated the cancer stem cell-like properties in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In HCC cells and mice xenograft models, As2O3 improved the expression of miR-491 by DNA-demethylation. [Toxicol Sci] Abstract

    Double-Negative Feedback Loop between ZEB2 and miR-145 Regulates Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Stem Cell Properties in Prostate Cancer Cells
    Scientists show that the downregulation of zinc-finger E-box binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2) not only represses invasion, migration, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and the stemness of prostate cancer cells, but also suppresses the capability of PC-3 cells to invade bone in vivo. [Cell Tissue Res] Abstract

    Anti-Proliferative but Not Anti-Angiogenic Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors Enrich for Cancer Stem Cells in Soft Tissue Sarcoma
    After functionally validating the cancer stem cell phenotype of ALDHbright sarcoma cells, scientists observed that sorafenib and regorafenib were cytotoxic to sarcoma cell lines, with a corresponding 1.4-2.8 fold increase in ALDHbright cells from baseline. [BMC Cancer] Abstract | Full Article

    Single-Cell Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Reveals that Human Breast Cancer Stem Cells Have Significantly Lower Content of Palmitoleic Acid Compared to Their Counterpart Non-Stem Cancer Cells
    To characterize cell populations which are rare and sparsely localized in tissues, scientists conducted time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry analyses of individual cells sorted by fluorescence activated cell sorting and applied the method to analyze breast cancer stem cells. [Biochimie] Abstract

    mir-152 Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Colony Formation of CD133+ Liver Cancer Stem Cells by Targeting KIT
    Researchers investigates the role of mir-152 in cell proliferation and colony formation of liver cancer stem cells. They show that exogenous overexpression of mir-152 suppresses cell proliferation and colony formation in CD133+ hep3B cells. [Tumor Biol] Abstract

    NeuroCult™ for Brain Tumor Research - View Publications

     
    REVIEWS
    Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Stem Cells: Underlying Complexity of a Simple Paradigm
    The authors examine the literature defining somatic stem cells of the ovary and fallopian tube, two tissues which give rise to epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). In addition, they review research that has identified subpopulations of EOC cells, based on marker expression, which are enriched for tumor initiating cells. [Reproduction] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field.

    Global Controls in Stem Cells

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    Pfizer Announces FDA Acceptance of Palbociclib New Drug Application with Priority Review
    Pfizer Inc. announced the new drug application (NDA) for palbociclib has been accepted for filing and granted priority review by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). This NDA requests FDA approval of palbociclib, in combination with letrozole, as a first-line treatment for postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative advanced breast cancer who have not received previous systemic treatment for their advanced disease. [Pfizer Inc.] Press Release

    Bristol-Myers Squibb, Pharmacyclics and Janssen Announce Clinical Collaboration to Evaluate OPDIVO® (Nivolumab) and IMBRUVICA® (Ibrutinib) in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
    Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pharmacyclics, Inc., and Janssen Research & Development, LLC announced they have entered into a clinical trial collaboration agreement to evaluate the safety, tolerability and preliminary efficacy of Bristol-Myers Squibb’s investigational PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor OPDIVO® in combination with IMBRUVICA®, an oral Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor co-developed and co-marketed by Pharmacyclics and Janssen. [Bristol-Myers Squibb Company] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Goodbye Flat Biology: 3D Models and the Tumor Microenvironment
    November 2-5, 2014
    Berlin, Germany

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the cancer stem cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Position – Stem Cells and Cancer (Brigham & Women’s Hospital – Harvard Medical School)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Gene Regulation in Breast Cancer/Stem Cell Biology (UC College of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Position – Leukemic Stem Cells (BC Cancer Agency)

    Assistant or Associate Professor – Cancer Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

    Senior Research Scientist – DNA Damage Response and Genome Instability (International Clinical Research Center)

    Faculty Positions – Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (Baylor College of Medicine)

    Research Assistant or Research Associate – Stem Cell & Cancer Biology (University of North Texas Health Science Center)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Stem Cells and Breast Cancer (Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York)

    Scientist – Pluripotent Stem Cell Media Development, High Throughput Screening (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Cell Culture Support Products (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

    Scientist – Immunology/Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

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