Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 4.16 | Apr 29 2015

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    Cancer Stem Cell News 4.16 April 29, 2015

    Cancer Stem Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Science News | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    CARMA3 Represses Metastasis-Suppressor NME2 to Promote Lung Cancer Stemness and Metastasis
    Researchers investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the involvement of CARD recruited membrane associated protein 3 (CARMA3) in non-small cell lung cancer progression. The effects of CARMA3, miR-182 and NME2 on cancer stemness and metastasis were measured in vitro and in vivo. [Am J Respir Crit Care Med] Abstract
    Learn More: Standardized Tools for Cancer Research

     
    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    DNMT1 Is Essential for Mammary and Cancer Stem Cell Maintenance and Tumorigenesis
    Investigators identified ISL1 as a direct DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) target, hypermethylated and downregulated in mammary tumors and cancer stem cells (CSCs). DNMT1 inhibition or ISL1 expression in breast cancer cells limits CSC population. [Nat Commun] Abstract

    G-CSF Promotes Neuroblastoma Tumorigenicity and Metastasis via STAT3-Dependent Cancer Stem Cell Activation
    Researchers demonstrated that the receptor ligand G-CSF selectively activated STAT3 within neuroblastoma cancer stem cell (CSC) subpopulations, promoting their expansion in vitro and in vivo. Exogenous G-CSF enhanced tumor growth and metastasis in human xenograft and murine neuroblastoma tumor models.
    [Cancer Res]
    Abstract | Full Article

    TCGA Analysis Predicts MicroRNA for Targeting Cancer Growth and Vascularization in Glioblastoma
    MicroRNA (miR)-31 and miR-148a regulated glioma growth by maintaining tumor stem cells and their niche, and providing the tumor a way to activate angiogenesis even in a normoxic environment. [Mol Ther] Abstract

    MicroRNA-33b Inhibits Breast Cancer Metastasis by Targeting HMGA2, SALL4 and Twist1
    Investigators report the identification of microRNA (miR)-33b as a negative regulator of cell stemness and metastasis in breast cancer. Compared with paired normal breast tissues, miR-33b expression is downregulated in breast tumor samples and is inversely correlated with lymph node metastatic status. [Sci Rep] Full Article

    Cannabidiol Stimulates Aml-1a-Dependent Glial Differentiation and Inhibits Glioma Stem-Like Cells Proliferation by Inducing Autophagy in a TRPV2-Dependent Manner
    The authors demonstrated that cannabidiol (CBD), by activating transient receptor potential vanilloid-2 (TRPV2), triggered glioma stem-like cells (GSCs) differentiation activating the autophagic process and inhibited GSCs proliferation and clonogenic capability. CBD and carmustine (BCNU) in combination overcame the high resistance of GSCs to BCNU treatment, by inducing apoptotic cell death. [Int J Cancer] Abstract

    Targeting Breast Cancer Stem Cells in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Using a Combination of LBH589 and Salinomycin
    Scientists investigated the efficacy of combining a histone deacetylase inhibitor (LBH589) and a breast cancer stem cells-targeting agent (salinomycin) as a novel combination therapy for triple-negative breast cancer. [Breast Cancer Res Treat] Abstract

    EGFR Inhibitors Prevent Induction of Cancer Stem-Like Cells in Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Suppressing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition
    EGFR inhibitors, erlotinib and cetuximab, significantly suppressed enrichment of cancer stem cells via TGF-β1-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition. [Cancer Biol Ther] Abstract

    Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) Is a Potential Marker for Cancer Stem Cells in Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
    In order to elucidate whether ALDH1 can be used as a marker for cancer stem cells of pediatric sarcoma, researchers examined the characteristics of a population of cells with a high ALDH1 activity in rhabdomyosarcoma, the most common soft tissue sarcoma in children. [PLoS One] Full Article

    Notch-1 Promotes Stemness and Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition in Colorectal Cancer
    Scientists examined a potential role for Notch-1 signaling in colorectal cancer. Retroviral transduction of constitutively active Notch-1 into the colon tumor cell line HCT-116 resulted in increased expression of the EMT/stemness associated proteins CD44, Slug, Smad-3, and induction of Jagged-1 expression. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

    Learn More: Column-Free Enrichment of Mouse Mammary Stem & Progenitor Cells

     
    REVIEWS
    Cancer Stem Cells as Therapeutic Targets of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Cancers
    The author summarizes the molecular pathogenesis of hepato-biliary-pancreatic cancer stem cells (CSCs) on the basis of the recent studies, and promising strategy of novel therapy targeting the signal transduction pathways or potentially epigenetic addictions of CSCs. [J Hepato-Bil-Pan Sci] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field.

    Target Cancer Metabolism

     
    SCIENCE NEWS
    Verastem, Inc. Presents Encouraging Scientific Data on the Preferential Targeting of Cancer Stem Cells
    Verastem, Inc. announced the presentation of scientific data that provided continued evidence that VS-6063, VS-4718 and VS-5584 effectively target cancer stem cells, reduce tumor initiating capability and prolong the anti-tumor response to standard of care chemotherapy in preclinical models of multiple tumor types. [Press release from Verastem, Inc. discussing research presented at the 2015 American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Philadelphia] Press Release

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    INDUSTRY NEWS
    PTC Therapeutics’ Cancer Stem Cell Program Targeting BMI1 Enters Phase I
    PTC Therapeutics, Inc. announced that its oncology program targeting BMI1, a protein linked to drug-resistant cancers, has entered a Phase I study in patients with advanced solid tumors. The open-label, first-in-human study will investigate the safety and pharmacokinetics of PTC596, an orally available small molecule. [PTC Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

    OncoMed Initiates Dosing in Randomized Phase II Clinical Trial of Demcizumab in Pancreatic Cancer Patients
    OncoMed Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that dosing has begun in the randomized Phase II clinical trial of demcizumab in patients with first-line metastatic pancreatic cancer. [OncoMed Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

    CPRIT Awards Two New Academic Research Grants
    The Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (CPRIT) awarded two grants through its academic research program. The grants, totaling six million dollars, support the recruitment of two top cancer scientists to academic institutions in Texas, including a promising emerging researcher pursuing her first faculty appointment and an outstanding early-stage researcher. [CPRIT] Press Release

     
    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW Symposium on Immunomodulation in Cancer and Regeneration 2015
    July 2, 2015
    Porto, Portugal

    NEW Cells: From Robert Hooke to Cell Therapy – A 350 Year Journey
    October 5-6, 2015
    London, United Kingdom

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the cancer stem cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Positions – Cancer Stem Cell Biology (Weill Cornell College of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Research (INSERM)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer & Potential Therapies (Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Colon Cancer (Baylor Research Institute)

    Postdoctoral Research Fellow – Cell Death of Normal Tissue Stem Cells & Cancer Stem Cells (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

    Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

    Postdoctoral Scholar – Cancer Stem Cell Biology (Case Western Reserve University)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast Cancer & Stem Cell Biology (University of Cincinnati)


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