Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 5.18 | May 11 2016

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    Cancer Stem Cell News 5.18 May 11, 2016

    Cancer Stem Cell News

         In this issue: Publications | Reviews | Industry News | Policy News | Events | Jobs
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    TOP STORY
    Glycolipid GD3 and GD3 Synthase Are Key Drivers for Glioblastoma Stem Cells and Tumorigenicity
    By analysis of gangliosides on various cells, investigators showed that ganglioside D3 (GD3) is overexpressed on eight neurospheres and tumor cells; in combination with CD133, the sorted cells exhibit a higher expression of stemness genes and self-renewal potential; and as few as six cells will form neurospheres and 20–30 cells will grow tumor in mice. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONS (Ranked by impact factor of the journal)
    Suppression of Intestinal Tumors by Targeting the Mitotic Spindle of Intestinal Stem Cells
    Using organoid cultures established from conditional knockout mice and in vitro gene ablation, the authors showed that adenomatous polyposis coli inactivation led to aberrant intestinal stem cells proliferation and the expansion of the crypt domain. [Oncogene] Abstract

    All-Trans Retinoic Acid Targets Gastric Cancer Stem Cells and Inhibits Patient-Derived Gastric Carcinoma Tumor Growth
    Investigators evaluated the effects of all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) on cancer stem cells in human gastric carcinoma. ATRA effects were evaluated on the proliferation and tumorigenic properties of gastric carcinoma cells from patient-derived tumors and cell lines in conventional 2D cultures, in 3D culture systems and in mouse xenograft models. [Oncogene] Abstract

    Cancer Stem Cell-Secreted Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor Stimulates Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell Function and Facilitates Glioblastoma Immune Evasion
    Investigators have identified immune-suppressive myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the brains of glioblastoma patients and found that they were in close proximity to self-renewing cancer stem cells. MDSCs were selectively depleted using 5-flurouracil in a low-dose administration paradigm, which resulted in prolonged survival in a syngeneic mouse model of glioma. [Stem Cells] Abstract

    Effective Elimination of Liver Cancer Stem-Like Cells by CD90 Antibody Targeted Thermosensitive Magnetoliposomes
    The authors aimed to investigate the use of thermosensitive magnetoliposomes loaded with magnetic iron oxide and the anti-cancer stem cell marker CD90 to target and kill CD90+ liver cancer stem cells. [Oncotarget] Full Article

    Cisplatin Induces Stemness in Ovarian Cancer
    Researchers utilized a GFP reporter driven by the NANOG-promoter to enrich and track ovarian cancer stem cells (CSCs). Using this approach, they identified a population of cells with CSC properties including enhanced expression of stem cell transcription factors, self-renewal, and tumor initiation. [Oncotarget] Full Article

    Non-Tumor Tissue Derived Interleukin-17B Activates IL-17RB/AKT/β-Catenin Pathway to Enhance the Stemness of Gastric Cancer
    The authors confirmed that the expression of interleukin-17 receptor B (IL-17RB) in gastric cancer tissues was significantly increased, that overexpression was associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients, and that overexpression was positively correlated with some stemness markers. Exogenous rIL-17B significantly promoted the stemness of gastric cancer cells depending on IL-17RB and induced the expression of IL-17RB. [Sci Rep] Full Article 

    Identification of CD90 as Putative Cancer Stem Cell Marker and Therapeutic Target in Insulinomas
    Researchers characterized and targeted putative malignant insulinoma (INS) cancer stem cells. Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting, human INS cell line CM and pancreatic carcinoid cell line BON1 were screened for the presence of stem cell-associated markers. [Stem Cells Dev] Abstract

    Bone Microenvironment-Mediated Resistance of Cancer Cells to Bisphosphonates and Impact on Bone Osteocytes/Stem Cells
    Scientist provide insights into the interplay between cancer stem cells and osteocytes/osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells using a three-dimensional live cancer-bone interactive model. [Clin Exp Metastasis] Abstract

    Associations between Markers of Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells, Mutation, miRNA and the Clinical Features of Ulcerative Colitis
    Researchers investigated markers of cancer cell pluripotency, including CD44 and CD166, microRNA-21 and microRNA-215, and APC, K-ras and DCC mutations in biopsy specimens from patients with ulcerative colitis to evaluate any correlations with clinical risk factors. [Colorectal Dis] Abstract

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    REVIEWS
    Modeling Head and Neck Cancer Stem Cell-Mediated Tumorigenesis
    Cancer stem cells (CSCs) can be grown for study and further enriched using a number of in vitro techniques. An evolving option for translational research is the use of mathematical and computational models to describe the role of CSCs in complex tumor environments. The authors focused on discussing the evidence emerging from modeling approaches that have clarified the impact of CSCs to the biology of cancer. [Cell Mol Life Sci] Abstract

    The Extracellular Matrix Niche Microenvironment of Neural and Cancer Stem Cells in the Brain
    The reviewers highlight the shared properties of neural stem cells and cancer stem cells (NSCs/CSCs) in regard to their extracellular microenvironment called the NSC/CSC niche. Moreover, they point out that extracellular matrix molecules and their complementary receptors influence the behavior of NSCs/CSCs as well as brain tumor progression. [Int J Biochem Cell Biol] Abstract

    Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the cancer stem cell research field.

     
    INDUSTRY NEWS
    PharmaEngine Announces Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Accepted the NDA Filing of ONIVYDE for the Treatment of Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer
    PharmaEngine, Inc. announced that Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety accepted the submission of a new drug application (NDA) of ONIVYDE (irinotecan liposome injection, nal-IRI). [PharmaEngine, Inc. (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release

    U.S. FDA Expands IMBRUVICA® (Ibrutinib) Label to Include Overall Survival Data in Previously Untreated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) and New Indication for Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL) Patients
    AbbVie announced the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) updated the IMBRUVICA® Prescribing Information to include new data from two Phase III trials supporting its expanded use in patients with CLL and SLL. [AbbVie] Press Release

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    POLICY NEWS
    National Institutes of Health (United States)

    Food and Drug Administration (United States)

    Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

    European Medicines Agency (European Union)

    Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

    Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

     
    EVENTS
    NEW ICCSCE 2016: 18th International Conference on Cell and Stem Cell Engineering
    September 15-16, 2016
    Rome, Italy

    Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the cancer stem cell community.

     
    JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Myeloid Cells in Cancer Patients (The Wistar Institute)

    NEW Faculty Position – Multidisciplinary Research Programs (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

    NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Genome and Epigenome of Pediatric Cancer (St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital)

    Group Leader – Normal Epithelium and Cancer Stem Cells (Institut Curie)

    Group Leader – Various Projects (Monash University)

    Senior Research Associate – Bioinformatics of Lung Cancer Evolution (University College London)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Prostate Epithelial Homeostasis and Carcinogenesis (Baylor College of Medicine)

    Senior Scientist – Immune-Oncology (PTM Biolabs Inc.)

    Director – Cancer Genomics (Ontario Institute for Cancer Research)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Genomics (The Cancer Institute of New Jersey)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast and Ovarian Cancer (Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine)

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Division of Cancer Biology (Case Western Reserve University)

    Tenure Track Position – Cancer Biology (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

    PhD Studentship – Peptide Receptors in Cancer Stem Cells (Exiris/Bielefeld University)

    Staff Scientist – Cell Therapy Process Development (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)


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