Cancer Stem Cell News Volume 9.15 | Apr 22 2020

TOP STORY

Overcoming Wnt-β-Catenin Dependent Anticancer Therapy Resistance in Leukemia Stem Cells

Scientists repurposed doxorubicin (DXR) as a targeted inhibitor rather than a broadly cytotoxic chemotherapy. Targeted DXR reduced Akt-activated β-catenin levels in chemoresistant leukemia stem cells (LSCs) and reduced LSC tumorigenic activity. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

A Novel Chimeric Antigen Receptor Redirecting T-Cell Specificity Towards CD26⁺ Cancer Cells

CD26 chimeric antigen receptor T cells exhibited cytotoxicity against the CD26⁺ T-cell lymphoma cell line Karpas 299, CD26-overexpressing K562 cells and primary chronic myeloid leukemia leukemia stem cells, activated multiple effector functions in co-culture assays. [Leukemia] Full Article

CCL5 Derived from Tumor-Associated Macrophages Promotes Prostate Cancer Stem Cells and Metastasis via Activating β-Catenin/STAT3 Signaling

Scientists demonstrated that tumor-associated macrophage-secreted CCL5 could significantly promote the migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition of prostate cancer cells as well as the self-renewal of prostate CSCs in vitro. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

MSC-Induced lncRNA HCP5 Drove Fatty Acid Oxidation through miR-3619-5p/AMPK/PGC1α/CEBPB Axis to Promote Stemness and Chemo-Resistance of Gastric Cancer

Researchers revealed that mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) co-culture improved stemness and drug-resistance of gastric cancer (GC) cells. LncRNA histocompatibility leukocyte antigen complex P5 was induced in GC cells by MSC co-culture, contributing to stemness and drug-resistance. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

A Comparative Pharmaco-Metabolomic Study of Glutaminase Inhibitors in Glioma Stem-Like Cells Confirms Biological Effectiveness but Reveals Differences in Target-Specificity

Investigators showed that pharmacological inhibition of glutaminase eradicated glioblastoma stem-like cells, a small cell subpopulation in glioblastoma responsible for therapy resistance and tumor recurrence. [Cell Death Discov] Full Article

Targeting the ABC Transporter ABCB5 Sensitizes Glioblastoma to Temozolomide-Induced Apoptosis through a Cell-Cycle Checkpoint Regulation Mechanism

The authors found that ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 5 (ABCB5) was expressed in primary glioblastoma multiforme tumors, in which its expression was significantly correlated with the CSC marker protein CD133 and with overall poor survival. [J Biol Chem] Abstract | Full Article

Possibility of Cancer-Stem-Cell-Targeted Radioimmunotherapy for Acute Myelogenous Leukemia Using ²¹¹At-CXCR4 Monoclonal Antibody

Pharmacokinetics and dosimetry of the ²¹¹At-labeled anti-C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 monoclonal antibody were conducted using tumor xenografted mice. Sphere model analysis revealed 22.8 mGy/MBq in a tumor of 10g; the tumor-to-bone marrow and tumor-to-kidney ratios were 44.5 and 79.4, respectively. [Sci Rep] Full Article

All-Trans Retinoic Acid Reduces Cancer Stem Cell-Like Cell-Mediated Resistance to Gefitinib in NSCLC Adenocarcinoma Cells

Gefitinib surviving cells showed higher expression of ALDH1A1 and CD44 and IC50 values for gefitinib than their respective parental cells, suggesting that gefitinib could lead to propagation of CSC cell-enriched gefitinib-resistant cells. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

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Organoid Models of Glioblastoma to Study Brain Tumor Stem Cells

The author describes the emerging 3D models of glioblastoma and discusses their potential to advance our knowledge of tumor biology and CSC heterogeneity, while debating their current limitations. [Front Cell Dev Biol] Full Article

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Antengene Announces Dosing of First Patient in the ATG-019 (KPT-9274) Phase I Trial, a First-in-Class Dual Inhibitor, for Advanced Solid Tumors and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma

Antengene announced that it has dosed the first patient in Taiwan, China in its Phase I open-label clinical trial of ATG-019 (KPT-9274), a dual inhibitor of both PAK4 and NAMPT. [Antengene] Press Release

First Patient Treated with Leronlimab in Phase IIb/III Trial for COVID-19

CytoDyn Inc. announced the treatment of the first patient with leronlimab in its Phase IIb/III trial for severe and critical COVID-19 indications. [CytoDyn, Inc.] Press Release

Untapped Potential: More US Labs Could Be Providing Tests for Coronavirus

A survey of more than 4,000 researchers in the United States suggests that better coordination at an institutional and national level could make hundreds of thousands more tests for coronavirus available. [Nature News] Editorial

Director of US Agency Key to Vaccine Development Leaves Role Suddenly amid Coronavirus Pandemic

Rick Bright, one of the nation’s leading vaccine development experts and the director of the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority, is no longer leading the organization. [STAT News] Editorial

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – Leukemia Stem Cell Research (Josep Carreras Leukaemia Research Institute)

PhD Positions – Head and Neck Cancer Stem Cells (The Mildred Scheel Nachwuchszentrum for Cancer Research)

Scientist – Stem Cells and Cellular Biology (Athersys, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Positions – DNA Repair in Leukemia (Temple University School of Medicine)

Associate Professor – Regenerative Medicine (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory)

Postdoctoral Position – Glioma Epigenomic Research (NIH National Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – RAS Proteins and Cancer Cell Stemness (University of Luxembourg)

Postdoctoral Position – Leukemia and Cancer Stemness (Moores Cancer Center, UC San Diego)

Research Fellow – Leukemia Stem Cell Research (Dana Farber Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Breast Cancer Stem Cells (Albert Einstein College of Medicine)

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