SCIENCE NEWS New Method to Grow Arteries Could Lead to “Biological Bypass” for Heart Disease A new method of growing arteries could lead to a “biological bypass” — a non-invasive way to treat coronary artery disease. [Press release from the Yale School of Medicine discussing the online prepublication in the Journal of Clinical Investigation] Scientists Track Variant of Gene-Regulating Protein in Embryonic Stem Cells New research shows that minute variations between histones play an important role in determining how and when genes are read. [Press release from Rockefeller University discussing the online prepublication in Cell] Researchers Characterize Stem Cell Function Researchers are the first to fully characterize a special type of stem cell, endothelial progenitor cells that exist in circulating blood, to see if they can behave as endothelial cells in the body when cultured on a bioengineered surface. [Press release from Northwestern University discussing the online prepublication in Stem Cells] Roving ‘Sonic Hedgehog’ Gene May Change Scientists’ Understanding of Limb Growth Sonic hedgehog, a gene that plays a crucial rule in the positioning and growth of limbs, fingers and toes, has been confirmed in an unexpected place in the embryos of developing mice — the layer of cells that creates the skin. [Press release from the University of Florida discussing the online prepublication in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA] Japanese Researchers Create Intestine from Stem Cells Researchers successfully produced the intestinal section in an experiment using mice. Previously it had been possible to produce sheet-like tissue, but this is reportedly the first time in the world that researchers have been able to produce intestine in tube form. [Mainichi Daily News Press Release] Faster Healing for Severe Fractures A new surgical procedure can repair severe bone injuries and defects more quickly and simply than current methods, which include bone-grafting operations and lengthening procedures that involve inserting pins through the skin to pull bones together. [Technology Review by Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press Release] Start of Phase I/II Gene Therapy Clinical Trial for Hemophilia B Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics announced that the first patient has been dosed in the Phase I/II exploratory clinical trial with a gene therapy product for hemophilia B, a seriously debilitating and potentially lethal disease. [Amsterdam Molecular Therapeutics Press Release] New Way Found to Mend Traumatic Bone Loss Two Cleveland researchers say they've developed a method of using natural or artificial sheaths to mend traumatic bone loss using the body's own stem cells. [United Press International Press Release] CURRENT PUBLICATIONS Distinct Factors Control Histone Variant H3.3 Localization at Specific Genomic Regions Using genome editing with zinc-finger nucleases to tag endogenous H3.3, researchers report genome-wide profiles of H3 variants in mammalian embryonic stem cells and neuronal precursor cells. [Cell] Lgr6 Marks Stem Cells in the Hair Follicle that Generate All Cell Lineages of the Skin Adult Lgr6+ cells executed long-term wound repair, including the formation of new hair follicles. Researchers conclude that Lgr6 marks the most primitive epidermal stem cell. [Science] ERK1/2-Akt1 Crosstalk Regulates Arteriogenesis in Mice and Zebrafish PI3K-ERK1/2 crosstalk plays a key role in the regulation of arterial growth and that the augmentation of ERK signaling via suppression of the PI3K signaling pathway can effectively stimulate arteriogenesis. [J Clin Invest] Protein Folding Stability and Dynamics Imaged in a Living Cell Researchers present fast relaxation imaging, which combines fluorescence microscopy and temperature jumps to probe biomolecular dynamics and stability inside a single living cell with high spatiotemporal resolution. [Nat Methods] End-of-Life Experience of Children Undergoing Stem Cell Transplantation for Malignancy: Parent and Provider Perspectives and Patterns of Care To evaluate perspectives and patterns of end-of-life care after stem cell transplant researchers surveyed 141 parents of children who died of cancer (response rate 64%) and their physicians. [Blood] Transactivation of the Dopamine Receptor 3 Gene by a Single Provirus Integration Results in Development of B Cell Lymphoma in Transgenic Mice Generated from Retrovirally Transduced Embryonic Stem Cells Investigators report on the development of lymphoma in mice generated from embryonic stem cells transduced with an enhanced green fluorescent protein. [Blood] Dynamics of Gene-Modified Progenitor Cells Analyzed by Tracking Retroviral Integration Sites in a Human Severe-Combined Immunodeficiency Gene Therapy Trial Researchers report a longitudinal study of gene-corrected progenitor cell populations from eight patients using 454 pyrosequencing to map vector integration sites, and extensive resampling to allow quantification of clonal abundance. [Blood] Shh Pathway Activation is Present and Required Within the Vertebrate Limb Bud Apical Ectodermal Ridge for Normal Autopod Patterning These data indicate that contrary to previous accounts, the Hedgehog signaling pathway is present and required in the developing limb apical ectodermal ridge for normal autopod development. [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] Modularity Map of the Network of Human Cell Differentiation Researchers sort and analyze a large set of scattered data to construct the network of human cell differentiation based on cell types (nodes) and differentiation steps (links) from the fertilized egg to a developed human. [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A]
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