Human Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Elicit Macrophages into an Anti-Inflammatory Phenotype to Alleviate Insulin Resistance in Type 2 Diabetic Rats Human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells infusion produced significantly anti-diabetic effects and promoted insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes rats that were induced by a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin and directed adipose tissue macrophages into an alternatively activated phenotype. [Stem Cells] Abstract Human Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells Express Several Functional Sex Hormone Receptors To better address the effects of sex hormones (SexHs), particularly pituitary SexHs, on human hematopoiesis, scientists tested for expression of receptors for pituitary SexHs, including follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, and prolactin, as well as the receptors for gonadal SexHs, including progesterone, estrogens, and androgen, on hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells purified from human umbilical cord blood and peripheral blood. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Amniotic Mesenchymal Cells from Pre-Eclamptic Placentae Maintain Immunomodulatory Features as Healthy Controls The authors investigated whether the immunomodulatory properties of human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSC) were altered in pre-eclampsia. They performed a comprehensive study of cell phenotype and investigated the in vitro immunomodulatory properties of hAMSC isolated from pre-eclamptic pregnancies, comparing them to hAMSC from normal pregnancies. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Endothelial Properties of Third-Trimester Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Cultured in Hypoxia The authors explored the potential of amniotic fluid stem (AFS) cells as a source for regenerative medicine in this field; they focused on third-trimester amniotic fluid AFS cells and compared them with the already-described AFS cells from the second trimester. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article Residues 39-56 of Stem Cell Factor Protein Sequence Are Capable of Stimulating the Expansion of Cord Blood CD34+ Cells Of all polypeptides analyzed, only one, named P0, corresponding to the stem cell factor protein sequence at residues 39-56, was recognized by 23C8 mAb during ELISA. P0 stimulated the expansion of CD34+ cells derived from human umbilical cord blood. [PLoS One] Full Article Different Tissue-Derived Stem Cells: A Comparison of Neural Differentiation Capability Scientists evaluated the neural differentiation capability of different tissue-derived stem cells coming from different tissue sources such as bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, human endometrium and amniotic fluid, cultured under the same supplemented media neuro-transcription factor conditions, tested the expression of neural markers such as GFAP, nestin and neurofilaments using the immunofluorescence staining assay and some typical clusters of differentiation such as CD34, CD90, CD105 and CD133 by using the cytofluorimetric test assay. [PLoS One] Full Article Potential Role of N-Benzylcinnamide in Inducing Neuronal Differentiation from Human Amniotic Fluid Mesenchymal Stem Cells Researchers demonstrated that incubation of amniotic fluid mesenchymal stem cells, obtained from 16-20 week pregnant women, with 10 ng/ml bone morphogenetic protein-9 for 48 hours in conditioned medium resulted in trans-differentiation to cholinergic neuronal-like cells. [Neurosci Lett] Abstract |