Dermal Cell News Volume 4.39 | Nov 26 2018

TOP STORY

Tissue-Specific Contributions of Tmem79 to Atopic Dermatitis and Mast Cell-Mediated Histaminergic Itch

Tmem79^−/− mice demonstrated an accumulation of dermal mast cells, which were diminished following chronic treatment with cyclooxygenase inhibitors and an EP3 receptor antagonist. In Tmem79^−/− mice, mast cell degranulation produced histaminergic itch in a histamine receptor 1/histamine receptor 4-dependent manner that may involve activation of TRPV1⁻ afferents. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

DERMAL STEM CELLS & TISSUE REGENERATION

A Novel Role for NUPR1 in the Keratinocyte Stress Response to UV Oxidized Phospholipids

The authors identified NUPR1 as an upstream regulator of UVA/OxPL transcriptional stress responses and found this protein to be expressed in the epidermis. Silencing of NUPR1 resulted in augmented expression of antioxidant and lipid detoxification genes and disturbed the cell cycle. [Redox Biol] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

The Designer Antimicrobial Peptide A-hBD-2 Facilitates Skin Wound Healing by Stimulating Keratinocyte Migration and Proliferation

Scientists replaced the GIGDP unit on the N-terminal of the endogenous human antimicrobial peptide hBD-2 with APKAM to produce A-hBD-2 and analyzed the effect on wound healing both in vitro and in vivo. [Cell Physiol Biochem] Full Article

In Vitro Transcribed dsRNA Limits Viral Hemorrhagic Septicemia Virus (VHSV)-IVb Infection in a Novel Fathead Minnow (Pimephales promelas) Skin Cell Line

Fathead minnow skin cells did not experience significant dsRNA-induced death after treatment with 50-500 ng/mL of in vitro transcribed dsRNA for 48hours (h) and respond to dsRNA treatment by expressing high levels of three innate immune genes, viperin, ISG15, and Mx1. Pretreatment with dsRNA for 24h significantly protected cells from viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus-induced cell death, 500ng/mL of dsRNA reduced cell death from 70% to less than 15% at a multiplicity of infection of 0.1. [Fish Shellfish Immunol] Abstract

Curcumin Promotes Burn Wound Healing in Mice by Upregulating Caveolin-1 in Epidermal Stem Cells

Curcumin treatment promoted the proliferative ability of epidermal stem cells (ESCs) and conditioned medium from curcumin-treated ESCs enhanced human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) tube formation. Investigators also found curcumin treatment elevated caveolin-1 expression in ESCs, which was required for the beneficial effect of curcumin on ESC proliferation and HUVEC tube formation. [Phytother Res] Full Article

SKIN CANCERS & DISORDERS

The Renin Angiotensin System Mediates Bifunctional Growth Regulation in Melanoma and Is a Novel Target for Therapeutic Intervention

Treatment of melanoma cell lines expressing endogenous AT2R with either vasoactive hormone angiotensin II or the AT2R-selective agonist Y6AII induced proliferation in serum-free conditions whereas the AT2R-specific antagonists PD123319 and EMA401 inhibited melanoma growth and angiogenesis and potentiated inhibitors of BRAF and MEK in cells with BRAF V600 mutations. [Oncogene] Abstract

SOX2 as a Novel Contributor of Oxidative Metabolism in Melanoma Cells

To evaluate whether SOX2 modulation was correlated with metabolic changes under standard or acidic conditions, SOX2 was silenced and overexpressed in several melanoma cell lines. To demonstrate that SOX2 directly represses HIF1A expression researchers used chromatin immunoprecipitation and luciferase assay. In A375-M6 melanoma cells, extracellular acidosis increased SOX2 expression, which sustained the oxidative cancer metabolism exploited under acidic conditions. [Cell Commun Signal] Full Article

Kanamycin Induces Free Radicals Formation in Melanocytes: An Important Factor for Aminoglycosides Ototoxicity

Kanamycin induced a concentration-dependent loss in HEMn-DP melanocytes viability. The value of IC 50 was estimated to be 5.0mM. Modulation of the activity of analyzed antioxidant enzymes and increased production of free radicals as well as the decrease of the melanin content were observed. The results confirmed that kanamycin generates oxidative stress in melanocytes. [J Cell Biochem] Abstract

C-Rel Is a Cell Cycle Modulator in Human Melanoma Cells

To elucidate the functional role of c-Rel in melanoma biology, investigators assessed its expression in human melanoma as well as in melanoma cell lines. Suppression of c-Rel expression in four melanoma cell lines resulted in reduced growth and altered cell cycle regulation, namely G2/M and polyploid phase induction. Moreover, mitotic spindle morphology was profoundly altered in three of the cell lines with a predominance of monopolar structures. [Exp Dermatol] Abstract

New Insights into the Runt Domain of RUNX2 in Melanoma Cell Proliferation and Migration

Researchers found that the most common RUNX2 genetic alteration that exists in transcription upregulation was, followed by genomic amplification, nucleotide substitution and multiple changes. Altered RUNX2 was involved in unchecked pathways promoting tumor progression, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and metastasis. They investigated the role of RUNX2 in melanoma development and to identify a therapeutic target, they applied the CRISPR/Cas9 technique to explore the role of the RUNT domain of RUNX2 in a melanoma cell line. [Cells] Full Article

The Role of the Histamine H4 Receptor in Atopic Dermatitis and Psoriasis

In this review the authors summarize the impact of the histamine H4 receptor on different cell types, mouse models as well as clinical studies in regard to atopic dermatitis and psoriasis, respectively. [Br J Pharmacol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the dermal cell research field.

LEO Pharma and PellePharm Announce $760 Million Collaboration to Advance Innovative Therapies for Rare Skin Diseases

LEO Pharma and California rare disease pioneers PellePharm announced a strategic development and commercialization collaboration to address unmet medical needs across various skin diseases with no approved treatments, advancing innovation and access to potential therapies for patients with life-altering conditions, such as Gorlin Syndrome and High Frequency Basal Cell Carcinoma, two distinct and rare forms of skin cancer. [Pellepharm (Questex LLC)] Press Release

Perrigo Announces Tentative FDA Approval for the First to File Generic Version of Ultravate^® Lotion 0.05%

Perrigo Company plc announced it has received tentative approval from the U.S. FDA for the first to file generic version of Ultravate^® Lotion 0.05%. [Perrigo Company plc] Press Release

MicuRx Enrolls First Patient in a Phase II Clinical Trial in U.S. for Novel Antibiotic, Contezolid Acefosamil

MicuRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the first patient has been enrolled in a Phase II clinical trial of contezolid acefosamil for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections caused by Gram-positive bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. [MicuRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release

A 100th Birthday Wish: Uphold Academic Freedom in Dark Times

One hundred years ago this month, shortly after the guns of the First World War fell silent, a German-speaking Scottish lawyer-turned-politician sent an 80-page report to his prime minister. In it was an idea whose echo still shapes the way in which many nations fund research — an idea arguably as important to the soul of modern science as the secular state is to modern democracy. [Nature News] Editorial

Crashing the Boards: Neuroscientist Maureen Condic Brings a Different Voice to NSF Oversight Body

On Wednesday, the National Science Foundation (NSF) will welcome the first cohort of members appointed by President Donald Trump to its oversight body, the National Science Board. Most of the seven fit the mold of senior academic leaders, prominent scientists, and corporate research managers who typically sit on the 24-member board. But Maureen Condic is somewhat different. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 8^th InterAmerican Oncology Conference
October 17-18, 2019
Buenos Aires, Argentina

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Assistant Professor of Pediatrics – Dermatology (Harvard Medical School)

NEW Tenure Faculty – Cancer Biology (University of Chicago)

NEW Assistant Professor – Cancer Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Skin Epithelial Stem Cells (University of Michigan)

Senior Researcher – Skin Biology (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Nanomedicine and Biomedical Engineering (University of British Columbia)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Chemical Biology (University of Dundee)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Dermatooncology (German Cancer Research Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Wound Healing (Louisiana State University)

PhD or Postdoctoral Position – Tissue Repair, Stem Cell Fate and Tumor Heterogeneity (Université Libre de Bruxelles)

Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.

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