Dermal Cell News Volume 5.21 | Jun 17 2019

TOP STORY

RPEL-Family rhoGAPs Link Rac/Cdc42 GTP Loading to G-Actin Availability

Researchers showed that the ArhGAP12- and ArhGAP32-family GTPase-activating proteins were RPEL proteins. In B16 melanoma cells, ArhGAP12 suppressed basal Rac and Cdc42 activity, F-actin assembly, invadopodia formation and experimental metastasis. [Nat Cell Biol] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

DERMAL STEM CELLS & TISSUE REGENERATION

Loss of 5-Methylcytosine Alters the Biogenesis of Vault-Derived Small RNAs to Coordinate Epidermal Differentiation

Methylation of cytosine 69 in VTRNA1.1 occured frequently in human cells, was exclusively mediated by NSUN2, and determined the processing of VTRNA1.1 into small-vault RNAs. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Treg-Mediated Prolonged Survival of Skin Allografts without Immunosuppression

Scientists showed that combining low doses of interleukin-2 (IL-2) complexes with rapamycin and blockade of the inflammatory cytokine IL-6 led to long-term survival of major histocompatibility complex-different skin allografts without the need for immunosuppression. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Defective Tmprss3-Associated Hair Cell Degeneration in Inner Ear Organoids

Prior to degeneration, Tmprss3-KO hair cells demonstrated reduced numbers of BK channels and lower expressions of genes encoding calcium ion-binding proteins, suggesting a disruption in intracellular homeostasis. [Stem Cell Reports] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Endocrine Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Signaling Is Induced by Moderate Cutaneous Exposure to Ultraviolet Light

The authors investigated the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, an environmental sensor and ligand-regulated transcription factor activated by numerous planar compounds of endogenous, dietary or environmental origin. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Short Exposure to Cold Atmospheric Plasma Induces Senescence in Human Skin Fibroblasts and Adipose Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Researchers showed that cold atmospheric plasma treated dermal fibroblasts and adipose-derived stromal cells developed a senescence phenotype with p16 expression, characteristic morphological changes, senescence-associated β-galactosidase expression and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines defined as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Pain-Associated Mediators and Axon Pathfinders in Fibromyalgia Skin Cells

In fibroblasts, transforming growth factor-ß1 gene expression was higher in fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) patients compared to controls. In keratinocytes, interleukin 10 gene expression was higher in FMS patients than in controls. [J Rheumatol] Abstract

SKIN CANCERS & DISORDERS

Polyamine-Stimulation of Arsenic-Transformed Keratinocytes

Investigators explored a possible mechanism by which increased keratinocyte polyamine biosynthesis promoted tumorsphere formation and invasiveness of arsenic-transformed HaCaT keratinocytes. [Carcinogenesis] Abstract

Bullfrog Oil (Rana catesbeiana Shaw) Induces Apoptosis, in A2058 Human Melanoma Cells by Mitochondrial Dysfunction Triggered by Oxidative Stress

Scientists showed that the bullfrog oil was able to promote a time-dependent cytotoxic effect, decreasing cell viability to 38% after 72 hours of treatment without affecting the cell cycle. [Biomed Pharmacother] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

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The Role of Extracellular Vesicles in Cutaneous Remodeling and Hair Follicle Dynamics

Many biomolecules carried by extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been involved in the control of the hair follicle cycle and stem cell function. Thus, investigating the role of either naturally produced or therapeutically delivered EVs as signaling vehicles potentially involved in skin homeostasis and hair cycling may be an important step in the attempt to design future strategies towards the efficient treatment of several skin disorders. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the dermal cell research field.

Lenabasum Open-Label Extension Data Continue to Show a Favorable Safety Profile and Improvement in Efficacy Outcomes in Systemic Sclerosis and Dermatomyositis Phase II Studies

Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. announced continued favorable safety and durable improvement in efficacy outcomes at 21 months compared to 12 months in open-label extensions of lenabasum Phase II studies in two rare and serious autoimmune diseases: systemic sclerosis and dermatomyositis. [Press release from Corbus Pharmaceuticals Holdings, Inc. discussing research presented at the European Congress of Rheumatology (EULAR) 2019 Conference, Madrid] Press Release

New Two-Year Data Shows SKYRIZI™ (Risankizumab) Maintains Complete Skin Clearance

AbbVie announced new results showing a significant number of patients treated with risankizumab experienced complete skin clearance at week 94. [Press release from AbbVie (PR Newswire Association LLC) discussing research presented at the 24^th World Congress of Dermatology (WCD), Milan] Press Release

InflaRx Treats First Patient in Phase IIa Clinical Trial with Lead Candidate IFX-1 in Pyoderma Gangraenosum

InflaRx N.V. announced the treatment of the first patient in a Phase IIa clinical trial evaluating the company’s lead product candidate, IFX-1, in pyoderma gangraenosum. [InflaRx N.V.] Press Release

Alkermes Advances ALKS 4230 into Monotherapy Expansion Phase of ARTISTRY-1 in Patients With Renal Cell Carcinoma or Melanoma

Alkermes plc announced the initiation of the monotherapy expansion stage of its ARTISTRY-1 clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy, safety and tolerability of ALKS 4230 in treating patients with renal cell carcinoma or melanoma. [Alkermes plc] Press Release

Novartis Cosentyx^® First to Show Efficacy in All Key Manifestations of Psoriatic Arthritis

Novartis announced new data from the MAXIMISE trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of Cosentyx in the management of axial manifestations of psoriatic arthritis. [Novartis AG] Press Release

Phase III PEMPHIX Study Showed That Genentech’s Rituxan (Rituximab) Is Superior to Standard of Care in Achieving Sustained Remission in Patients with Pemphigus Vulgaris

Genentech announced positive top line results from the Roche-sponsored Phase III PEMPHIX study evaluating the efficacy and safety of rituximab compared to mycophenolate mofetil in adults with moderate to severe pemphigus vulgaris. [Genentech, Inc.] Press Release

Harassment Common for National Institutes of Health Employees

More than one-fifth of people who work for the National Institutes of Health and who responded to a survey by the agency have experienced some form of harassment during the last year, according to an interim report the agency published on June 12. Of nearly 16,000 respondents, 10 percent reported that they had experienced unwanted sexual attention, while 18 percent said they had been subject to gender harassment. [The Scientist] Editorial

China Announces Hefty Fines for Unauthorized Collection of DNA

China announced a new law restricting the collection and use of genetic resources from people in the country — including biological samples that yield DNA, such as blood, and data gleaned from sequencing them. There will be hefty fines for unauthorized collection or use of genetic material. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW 5th Annual Cell & Gene Therapy Congress
October 29-30, 2019
London, United Kingdom

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Drug Response Research (University of Texas at Austin)

NEW Research Lab Specialist – Tumor Microenvironment & Cell Behavior (University of Southern California)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellow or PhD Student – Cell and Developmental Biology (University of Geneva)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Epithelial Growth in Development and Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Research Fellowship – Melanoma (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Psoriasis and Atopic Dermatitis (King’s College London)

Postdoctoral Position – Cancer Epigenetics (Harvard University)

Faculty Positions – Allergy, Rheumatology or Skin Biology (University of Rochester)

Postdoctoral Positions – Cell Competition (University of Bristol)

Faculty Positions – Skin Cancer (Columbia University)

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