Dermal Cell News Volume 5.26 | Jul 29 2019

TOP STORY

LRG1 Promotes Keratinocyte Migration and Wound Repair through Regulation of HIF-1α Stability

Investigators identified a role for LRG1: a key regulator of epidermal keratinocyte migration where LRG1 acts via enhancement of HIF-1α stability. They showed that LRG1 was upregulated at murine skin wound edges and that addition of recombinant human LRG1 accelerated keratinocyte migration and skin wound healing. [J Invest Dermatol] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

DERMAL STEM CELLS & TISSUE REGENERATION

Rac-Dependent Signaling from Keratinocytes Promotes Differentiation of Intradermal White Adipocytes

Combinational treatment with BMP2 and FGF21 in culture medium, but not individual purified recombinant proteins, could differentiate 3T3-L1 fibroblasts into adipocytes, as could culture media from primary keratinocytes. [J Invest Dermatol] Abstract

Delta-Like 1-Mediated cis-Inhibition of Jagged1/2 Signaling Inhibits Differentiation of Human Epidermal Cells in Culture

Researchers demonstrated dynamic patterns of Notch ligand and receptor expression in cultured human epidermis. Notch2 and 3 acted together to promote differentiation, while Notch1 decreased stem cell proliferation. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Targeted Exon Skipping Rescues Ciliary Protein Composition Defects in Joubert Syndrome Patient Fibroblasts

The authors examined primary cilium structure and composition in fibroblast cells derived from homozygous and compound heterozygous Joubert syndrome (JBTS)5 patients with nonsense mutations in CEP290 and showed that elongation of cilia, impaired ciliogenesis and ciliary composition defects were typical features in JBTS5 cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Abalone Collagen Extracts Potentiate Stem Cell Properties of Human Epidermal Keratinocytes

Abalone collagen extracts with molecular weights of 3 kDa and 300 kDa were compared to the epidermal growth factor for their effects on cell proliferation, cell migration, spheroid formation, and the expression level of stem cell markers on human keratinocytes. [Mar Drugs] Full Article

SKIN CANCERS & DISORDERS

Adipocytes Sensitize Melanoma Cells to Environmental TGF-β Cues by Repressing the Expression of miR-211

Scientists found that skin fat cells promoted metastatic initiation by sensitizing melanoma cells to transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). Analysis of melanoma clinical samples revealed that adipocytes, usually located in the deeper hypodermis layer, were present in the upper dermis layer within proximity to in situ melanoma cells, an observation that correlated with disease aggressiveness. [Sci Signal] Full Article

Role of miR‐214 in Regulation of β‐Catenin and the Malignant Phenotype of Melanoma

Researchers investigated the regulation of β‐catenin by miR‐214 and its role in melanoma. They showed that β‐catenin mRNA levels were negatively correlated with miR‐214 in melanoma. [Mol Carcinog] Abstract

Effect of Fatty Acids on Melanogenesis and Tumor Cell Growth in Melanoma Cells

The authors showed that saturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids displayed opposing effects on melanin content in melanoma cells. [J Lipid Res] Abstract

Heterozygous Loss of Keratinocyte TRIM16 Expression Increases Melanocytic Cell Lesions and Lymph Node Metastasis

To study the role of tripartite motif (TRIM)16 in skin cancer development, scientists developed a keratinocyte TRIM16-specific knockout mouse model, and used the classical two-stage skin carcinogenesis challenge method to assess the loss of keratinocyte TRIM16 on papilloma, squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma development in the skin after topical carcinogen treatment. [J Cancer Res Clin Oncol] Full Article

Antitumor and Apoptotic Effects of Quercetin on Human Melanoma Cells Involving JNK/P38 MAPK Signaling Activation

Quercetin significantly decreased viability and proliferation of A375SM cells in a concentration-dependent manner. However, quercetin had no effect on A375P cells. [Eur J Pharmacol] Abstract

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Epidermal Stem Cells in Wound Healing and Their Clinical Applications

Investigators review the characteristics of epidermal stem cells (EPSCs) and the mechanisms underlying their functions during wound healing. Applications of EPSCs are also discussed to determine the potential and feasibility of using EPSCs clinically in wound healing. [Stem Cell Res Ther] Full Article

Complement System in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The authors discuss the role of complement system components and inhibitors as biomarkers and potential new targets for therapeutic intervention in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma. [Int J Mol Sci] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the dermal cell research field.

Spring Bank Announces FDA Acceptance of IND Application for SB 11285, an IV-Administered STING Agonist, for the Treatment of Advanced Solid Tumors

Spring Bank Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that its Investigational New Drug (IND) application for a Phase I trial of SB 11285, the company’s intravenously (IV)-administered STING (STimulator of INterferon Gene) agonist development candidate, is now effective following clearance by the FDA. [Spring Bank Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Therapeutic Solutions International Reports Its NanoStilbene™ Nutraceutical Product Enhances Efficacy of FDA Cleared Cancer Immunotherapy in Animal Model of Cancer

Therapeutics Solutions International, Inc. reported positive animal data demonstrating synergy between its commercially available NanoStilbene™ nutraceutical product together with anti-CTLA4 antibody, which is the mouse equivalent of Ipilimumab, an FDA cleared immunotherapeutic which belongs to the family of drugs called “checkpoint inhibitors”. [Therapeutics Solutions International, Inc.] Press Release

Cuts and Dismissive Remarks Unnerve Mexican Scientists

The initially warm relations between Mexico’s academic community and the country’s new president, Andrés Manuel López Obrador, have decidedly cooled. A package of harsh austerity measures, implemented on 3 May, has had a deep impact on federally funded laboratories and institutes; it includes a 30% cut to fuel for vehicles and office supplies and a 50% cut to international travel funds and payments to contract workers. Scientists say the cuts are a serious threat to the future of Mexican research. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s Hardline Brexit Stance Stokes Fears for Scientists

In his inaugural speech last week, Johnson cited the “extraordinary” UK bioscience sector and pledged to ditch European rules that he says have hampered the development of genetically modified crops. He said the nation should develop its own multibillion-dollar GPS satellite system, presumably a response to the EU plan to eliminate the ability of the U.K. government to tap into a secure signal from the European Galileo GPS system. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

US Universities Battle a Security Storm in Congress

The threat from China is real, US academic leaders say. But so, too, is the possibility that federal efforts to combat that threat could inhibit the US research enterprise. That’s why university officials are scrambling to shape legislation moving rapidly through Congress. It’s aimed at thwarting attempts by foreign entities, notably the Chinese government and affiliated institutions, to take unfair advantage of the traditionally open US research system. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW 8^th Annual International Symposium on Regenerative Rehabilitation
October 24-26, 2019
Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Scientific Communications Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

NEW Postdoctoral Fellowship – Gene Therapy of the Human Skin (The University of British Columbia)

NEW Research Fellow – Dermatology (University College London)

NEW Postdoctoral Position – Immune Mechanisms of Allergic Diseases (Boston Children’s Hospital)

PhD Position – Extracellular Matrix & Skin Immunology (University of Freiburg)

Faculty Position – Melanoma and Skin Immunobiology (Medical College of Wisconsin)

Doctoral Candidate – Tattoo Inks (Federal Institute for Risk Assessment)

Research Fellowship – Cancer Biology (Ninewells Hospital and Medical School)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy (H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Drug Response Research (University of Texas at Austin)

Research Lab Specialist – Tumor Microenvironment & Cell Behavior (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Fellow or PhD Student – Cell and Developmental Biology (University of Geneva)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Epithelial Growth in Development and Cancer (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Research Fellowship – Melanoma (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

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