Dermal Cell News Volume 5.37 | Nov 04 2019

TOP STORY

Stem Cell-Driven Lymphatic Remodeling Coordinates Tissue Regeneration

Investigators identified lymphatic capillaries as critical stem cell-niche components. In skin, lymphatics formed intimate networks around hair follicle stem cells. When hair follicle regenerated, lymphatic-stem cell connections became dynamic. Investigators unravelled a secretome switch within stem cells that controlled lymphatic behavior. [Science] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

DERMAL STEM CELLS & TISSUE REGENERATION

Keratinocyte-Intrinsic MHCII Expression Controls Microbiota-Induced Th1 Cell Responses

Researchers demonstrated that T cell responses to commensal colonization were associated with the development of organized cellular clusters within the skin epithelium. These organized lymphocyte clusters were surrounded by keratinocytes expressing a discrete program associated with antigen presentation and antimicrobial defense. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Establishment of an In Vitro-In Vivo Correlation for Melanin Binding and the Extension of the Ocular Half-Life of Small Molecule Drugs

The extent of melanin binding in vitro was determined for a set of model drugs; binding kinetics and binding isotherms were generated and fitted to a mechanistic model to derive the drug-melanin binding parameters. [Mol Pharm] Abstract

Oct4-Mediated Reprogramming Induces Embryonic-Like MicroRNA Expression Signatures in Human Fibroblasts

Researchers characterized human fibroblasts over-expressing Oct4 and performed comprehensive small-RNAseq analysis. Their analyses revealed new interesting aspects of Oct4-mediated cell plasticity induction. [Sci Rep] Full Article

3D Bioprinting of a Vascularized and Perfusable Skin Graft Using Human Keratinocytes

In vitro, human foreskin keratinocytes replicated and matured to form a multilayered barrier while the human endothelial cells and human placental pericytes self-assembled into interconnected microvascular networks. [Tissue Eng Part A] Abstract

SKIN CANCERS & DISORDERS

A Novel Mouse Model Demonstrates That Oncogenic Melanocyte Stem Cells Engender Melanoma Resembling Human Disease

Scientists employed a c-Kit-CreER-driven model that specifically targeted melanocyte stem cells to show that oncogenic melanocyte stem cells were a bona fide source of melanoma that expand in the niche, and then established epidermal melanomas that invaded into the underlying dermis. [Nat Commun] Full Article

H-Ras Activation and Fibroblast-Induced TGF-β Signaling Promote Laminin-332 Accumulation and Invasion in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma

The authors showed that fibroblasts and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling promoted laminin-332 synthesis in cancer cells in an activated H-Ras-dependent manner, which in turn promoted cancer cell invasion. [Matrix Biol] Abstract

Rho-Mediated Signaling Promotes BRAF Inhibitor Resistance in De-Differentiated Melanoma Cells

Scientists demonstrated that ~50-60% of melanoma cell lines with vemurafenib resistance acquired in vitro showed activation of RhoA family GTPases. In BRAF inhibitors-resistant melanoma cell lines and tumors, activation of RhoA was correlated with decreased expression of melanocyte lineage genes. [Oncogene] Abstract

Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis ACTN4 Mutants Binding to Actin: Regulation by Phosphomimetic Mutations

The authors found that Y4/31E significantly reduced the actin binding activity of K255E, T259I and S262P, dramatically preventing them from aggregating in, and inhibiting motility of, podocytes, fibroblasts and melanoma cells. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Fas-FasL Interaction in Cytotoxic T Cell-Mediated Vitiligo: The Role of Lesional Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interferon-γ in Fas-Mediated Melanocyte Apoptosis

Investigators found that the Fas-mediated pathway was involved in cytotoxic T lymphocyte-dependent vitiligo in a mouse model and Fas-Fas ligand (FasL)-induced apoptosis of human melanocytes. They found that FasL and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand synergistically induced apoptosis on human melanocytes. [Exp Dermatol] Abstract

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Danger Is Only Skin Deep: Aggressive Epidermal Carcinomas. An Overview of the Diagnosis, Demographics, Molecular-Genetics, Staging, Prognostic Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Advances in Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Scientists summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the accurate diagnosis of Merkel cell carcinoma and the exclusion of other entities in the differential diagnosis. [Mod Pathol] Abstract

Single Cell Analysis to Dissect Molecular Heterogeneity and Disease Evolution in Metastatic Melanoma

Using metastatic melanoma as a prototypical example, the authors focus on applying single cell analyses to the study of clonal trajectories which guide the evolution of drug resistance to targeted therapy. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the dermal cell research field.

Trials of Novartis’ Dupixent Rival Bet Scrapped by MorphoSys, Galapagos

MorphoSys and Galapagos are cutting off development of their Novartis-backed drug MOR106 in atopic dermatitis. The cull comes after the three were hit by analysis done in the middle of its Phase II test, which showed it was likely to fail. [MorphoSys AG (Fierce Biotech, Inc.)] Press Release

NovaBay Pharmaceuticals Launches Online Sales of CelleRx^® Skin Cleanser for Post-aesthetic Dermatology and Cosmetic Surgery Procedures

NovaBay^® Pharmaceuticals Inc. announces the availability of full-strength CelleRx for consumer purchase without a prescription in the US. CelleRx is a skin and wound cleanser based on NovaBay’s proprietary pure hypochlorous formulation. [NovaBay Pharmaceuticals Inc.] Press Release

Trump Nominates MD Anderson’s Stephen Hahn to Lead FDA

President Trump announced his intent to nominate Dr. Stephen Hahn to lead the FDA. Dr. Stephen Hahn is the chief medical executive at MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. While he is an accomplished physician and researcher, he has never worked in government, leaving his potential FDA agenda a mystery. [STAT News] Editorial

Trainees Often Ghostwrite PIs’ Peer Reviews: Survey

Many graduate students and postdocs write or help compose peer reviews their advisors are invited to provide, according to a survey of nearly 500 early-career researchers published on October 31^st in eLife. And often they do so without disclosing that fact to the journal- a practice that the survey authors consider to be ghostwriting. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW FGF Signaling: Understanding Function and Devising Therapeutic Tools
May 10-15, 2020
Lucca, Italy

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellowships – Cutaneous Biology Research (University of Michigan)

NEW Bioengineering Lecturers/Senior Lecturers – Wound Healing and Regeneration (Imperial College London)

NEW Research Assistant – Melanoma Medical Oncology Research (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Genetic Hair and Skin Disorders (Columbia University)

Postdoctoral Studentship – Melanoma and Immunotherapy Checkpoint Inhibitors (University of Manchester)

Research Coordinator – Dermatology and Venereology (Karolinska Institutet)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – DNA Damage Repair Pathways in Melanoma Prevention (University of Southern California)

Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Evolutionary Biology in Renal Cancer and Melanoma (The Francis Crick Institute)

Medical Science Liaison – Dermatology (Eli Lilly and Company)

Assistant Professor – Biochemistry (University of Washington)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Dermatology (Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Wound Healing and Tissue Regeneration (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Cancer Research (Champalimaud Foundation)

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