Dermal Cell News Volume 5.39 | Nov 25 2019

TOP STORY

Activated NLRP3 Inflammasome in Keratinocytes Promotes Cutaneous T Cell Response in Vitiligo

Perilesional and serum samples from vitiligo patients were collected to examine the status of NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome in vitiligo. Cultured keratinocytes were treated with H₂O₂ to investigate the mechanism for NLRP3 inflammasome activation under oxidative stress. [J Allergy Clin Immunol] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

DERMAL STEM CELLS & TISSUE REGENERATION

miR-29a/b1 Inhibits Hair Follicle Stem Cell Lineage Progression by Spatiotemporally Suppressing WNT and BMP Signaling

Researchers demonstrated that the dynamics of miR-29 expression were inversely proportional to hair follicle stem cells lineage progression. Furthermore, they showed that sustained miR-29a/b1 overexpression in anagen or telogen in mice caused a short-hair phenotype and eventual hair loss. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1 Depletion Enhances the Severity of Inflammation in an Imiquimod-Induced Model of Psoriasis

The authors studied the role of PARP1 in the imiquimod-induced model of psoriasis. In imiquimod-induced psoriasis, PARP1 acted as an anti-inflammatory factor and its genetic deletion exacerbated symptoms. [Exp Dermatol] Abstract

Procaine and S-Adenosyl-l-Homocysteine Affect the Expression of Genes Related to the Epigenetic Machinery and Change the DNA Methylation Status of In Vitro Cultured Bovine Skin Fibroblasts

Investigators characterized the effects of procaine and S-adenosyl-l-homocysteine (SAH) as demethylating agents during the cell culture of bovine skin fibroblasts. They characterized the effects of procaine and SAH on the expression of genes related to the epigenetic machinery. [DNA Cell Biol] Abstract

SKIN CANCERS & DISORDERS

Modulating Multi-Functional ERK Complexes by Covalent Targeting of a Recruitment Site In Vivo

Scientists demonstrated that the small molecule BI-78D3 bound to the D-recruitment site of ERK2 and formed a covalent adduct with a conserved cysteine residue within the pocket and disrupted signaling in vivo. BI-78D3 promoted apoptosis in BRAF inhibitor-naive and resistant melanoma cells containing a BRAF V600E mutation. [Nat Commun] Full Article

Polyomavirus-Positive Merkel Cell Carcinoma Derived from a Trichoblastoma Suggests an Epithelial Origin of This Merkel Cell Carcinoma

Genetic analysis of a very rare tumor combining benign trichoblastoma and Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV)-positive merkel cell carcinoma was conducted by massive parallel sequencing. Although MCPyV was found to be integrated only in the merkel cell carcinoma part, six somatic mutations were shared by both tumor components. [J Invest Dermatol] Abstract

Role of VEGFR-1 in Melanoma Acquired Resistance to the BRAF Inhibitor Vemurafenib

Scientists investigated VEGFR-1 involvement in vemurafenib resistance. Results indicated that human melanoma cells rendered resistant to vemurafenib secreted greater amounts of VEGF-A and expressed higher VEGFR-1 levels compared with their BRAFi-sensitive counterparts. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Pathogenic Mutations in Primary Cutaneous Melanomas, including the Identification of Novel Loss-of-Function Variants

The spectrum and frequency of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants were identified across 54 evaluated genes, including 59 novel mutations, and the newly identified TP53 loss-of-function mutations p.(L194P) and p.(R280K). [Sci Rep] Full Article

Expression Profile of Sonic Hedgehog Signaling-Related Molecules in Basal Cell Carcinoma

Investigators examined the mRNA and protein expression levels of six molecules including GLI1, GLI2, PTCH1, PTCH2, SHH, and SMO in basal cell carcinoma and various other cutaneous tumors. [PLoS One] Full Article

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Melanoma Pathology Reporting and Staging

Disease staging is important for risk stratifying melanoma patients into prognostic groups and patient management recommendations are often stage based. Evaluation of molecular markers of prognosis is an active area of current research. [Mod Pathol] Abstract

The Role of Vascular Mimicry as a Biomarker in Malignant Melanoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Scientists performed a systematic literature review to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic accuracy of vasculogenic mimicry status for overall survival of malignant melanoma patients. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the QUADAS-2 tool. [BMC Cancer] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the dermal cell research field.

Genmab Announces European Marketing Authorization for DARZALEX^® (Daratumumab) in Combination with Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone in Frontline Multiple Myeloma

Genmab A/S announced that the European Commission has granted marketing authorization for DARZALEX^® (daratumumab) in combination with lenalidomide and dexamethasone as treatment for adult patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma who are ineligible for autologous stem cell transplant. [Genmab A/S] Press Release

Harpoon Therapeutics and AbbVie Announce Licensing and Option Collaboration to Advance HPN217, Harpoon’s BCMA-Targeting TriTAC^®, and Expand Existing Discovery Collaboration

Harpoon Therapeutics, Inc. and AbbVie Inc. announced an exclusive worldwide option and license transaction for HPN217, Harpoon’s B cell maturation antigen-targeting Tri-specific T cell Activating Construct (TriTAC^®), and an expansion of their existing discovery collaboration for up to six additional targets. [Harpoon Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

MC2 Therapeutics Announces FDA Acceptance of Its New Drug Application for Wynzora^™ Cream for Treatment of Plaque Psoriasis

MC2 Therapeutics announced that the FDA has accepted for review the New Drug Application for Wynzora^™ Cream. MC2 Therapeutics is seeking marketing approval for Wynzora^™ Cream for the treatment of plaque psoriasis. [MC2 Therapeutics] Press Release

Science Funders Gamble on Grant Lotteries

Albert Einstein famously insisted that God does not play dice. But the Health Research Council of New Zealand does. The agency is one of a growing number of funders that award grants partly through random selection. [Nature News] Editorial

The Science Institutions Hiring Integrity Inspectors to Vet Their Papers

Some researchers have their manuscripts screened for errors before they go to journals. [Nature News] Editorial

Foreign Interference Fears Prompt Guidelines for Australian Universities

New guidelines will help Australian universities protect themselves against foreign interference, says the country’s government. The advice follows concerns that foreign groups or governments, such as the government of China, might be seeking to instigate campus activities that are against Australia’s interests. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW Noncoding RNAs: Mechanism, Function and Therapies
January 12-16, 2020
Whistler, British Columbia, Canada

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NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Tumor Heterogeneity (Champalimaud Foundation)

NEW Postdoctoral Research Fellow – DNA Damage Signaling in Cancer Biology (Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center)

Principal Scientist – Dupixent/Type 2 Inflammation and Fibrosis (Sanofi)

Postdoctoral Research Associate – Host Microbe Interactions at Barrier Sites (Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason)

Postdoctoral Fellow Positions – Epithelial Biology, Inflammation and Angiogenesis (Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School)

Postdoctoral Training Fellow – Tumor Heterogeneity (Institute of Cancer Research)

Pediatric Physician Scientist – Inflammation or Cancer Biology (Yale School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Researcher – Cancer Research Using CRISPR Methods (University of Helsinki)

Research Investigator – Subcutaneous, Intraperitoneal, and Intravenous Tumor Research (University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Cutaneous Biology Research (University of Michigan)

Postdoctoral Research Scientist – Genetic Hair and Skin Disorders (Columbia University)

Postdoctoral Studentship – Melanoma and Immunotherapy Checkpoint Inhibitors (University of Manchester)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – DNA Damage Repair Pathways in Melanoma Prevention (University of Southern California)

Assistant Professor – Biochemistry (University of Washington)

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