Endothelial Cell News 2.12 April 10, 2017 | |
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TOP STORYThe authors established the role of the developmental transcription factor SOX17 in regulating the bi-lineage conversion of fibroblasts via the generation of intermediate progenitors. Implantation of these human bi-potential CD34+ progenitors into immune-deficient NOD-SCID mice resulted in the formation of micro-vessels derived from human endothelial cells that were perfused with mouse and human erythrocytes. [Circulation] Abstract | Full Article (Download) | Press Release | |
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PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Researchers showed that repeated social defeat stress in mice activated threat appraisal centers in the brain that spatially coincided with microglial activation and endothelial facilitation of monocyte recruitment. Cell-specific transcriptional profiling revealed that microglia selectively enhanced CCL2 expression, while monocytes expressed the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β). [Mol Psychiatry] Abstract Endothelial LRP1 Regulates Metabolic Responses by Acting as a Co-Activator of PPARγ Investigators demonstrated that endothelial lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (Lrp1) regulates systemic energy homeostasis. They showed that the intracellular domain of Lrp1 interacts with the nuclear receptor Pparγ, a central regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism, acting as its transcriptional co-activator in endothelial cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article Single-Cell Analysis Identifies Distinct Stages of Human Endothelial-to-Hematopoietic Transition To study the human endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, scientists coupled flow cytometry and single-cell transcriptional analyses of human pluripotent stem cell-derived CD34+ cells. The resulting transcriptional hierarchy showed a continuum of endothelial and hematopoietic signatures. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Press Release | Graphical Abstract The authors focused on endothelin-1, a mediator involved in neutrophil activation and recruitment in tissues, and they investigated the involvement of the endothelin receptors in interaction of neutrophils with endothelial cells. They showed that human neutrophils display functional ETB receptors with calcium signaling capability leading to increased adhesion to the endothelium, through action on both endothelial cells and neutrophils. [Haematologica] Full Article Scientists report that cornea infiltrating leukocytes including neutrophils and T cells do not have a significant role in corneal neovascularization past virus clearance. Antibody-mediated depletion of these cells did not impact lymphatic or blood vessel genesis. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract The authors studied the contribution of exosomes released by hypoxia inducible factor-1α-overexpressing donor-mesenchymal stem cells (HIF-MSC) to angiogenesis by endothelial cells. The addition of Jagged1-containing exosomes from MSC and HIF-MSC cultures to endothelial cells triggered transcriptional changes in Notch target genes and induced angiogenesis in an in vitro model of capillary-like tube formation, and both processes were stimulated by HIF-1α. [Stem Cells] Abstract Scientists investigated the roles of tumor-associated signals in regulating endothelial cell contractility and adherens junction disassembly leading to endothelial barrier breakdown. They showed that Src mediates VE-cadherin disassembly in response to metastatic melanoma cells. Through the use of pharmacological inhibitors of cytoskeletal contractility they found that endothelial cell contractility was responsive to interactions with metastatic cancer cells and that reducing endothelial cell contractility abrogates migration of melanoma cells across endothelial monolayers. [Sci Rep] Full Article The authors investigated whether and how paraoxonase-1 (PON1) glycation contributes to endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Exposure of HUVECs to glycated PON1 induced prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and reduced SERCA activity, which were abolished by tempol, apocynin, BAPTA, and p67 and p22 siRNAs. Injection of glycated PON1 but not native PON1 induced aberrant ER stress and endothelial dysfunction in rats, which were attenuated by tempol, BAPTA, and 4-PBA. [Sci Rep] Full Article Scientists established optimal hypoxia preconditioning and evaluated effects of hypoxic preconditioning-induced autophagy on survival of the engrafted endothelial progenitor cells. Repair of the ischemic tissue was improved significantly in the hypoxic preconditioning group. Loading the cells with fibrin had a cytoprotective effect on survival of the engrafted cells. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article A Novel CXCR4 Antagonist Enhances Angiogenesis via Modifying the Ischemic Tissue Environment Investigators developed a novel CXCR4 antagonist P2G, a mutant protein of SDF-1β with high antagonistic activity against CXCR4 and high potency in enhancing ischemic angiogenesis and blood perfusion. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Researchers investigated the wound-healing effects of abietic acid and the possible underlying mechanism of action in various in vitro and in vivo models. The results showed that abietic acid enhanced cell migration and tube formation in human umbilical vein vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs). Abietic acid induced significant angiogenic potential, which is associated with upregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 expression. [J Ethnopharmacol] Abstract | |
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REVIEWSEpigenetic Approach for Angiostatic Therapy: Promising Combinations for Cancer Treatment The authors discuss the anti-angiogenic activity of histone deacetylase and DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and their combinations with other targeted (anti-angiogenic) therapeutics in treatment of solid tumors. [Angiogenesis] Abstract Researchers discuss studies that have used HUVECs as a model to investigate the endothelial cell (EC)–nanoparticle (NP) interactions, the toxic effects of NPs on ECs and the mechanisms. [J Appl Toxicol] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the endothelial cell research field. | |
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SCIENCE NEWSChi-Med Presented Pre-Clinical Data for Fruquintinib and Sulfatinib Hutchison China MediTech Limited presented pre-clinical data for fruquintinib and sulfatinib. Fruquintinib and sulfatinib are both being evaluated in Phase III clinical trials for various cancers. [Press release from Hutchison China MediTech Limited discussing research presented at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) Annual Meeting 2017, Washington, D.C.] Press Release | |
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INDUSTRY NEWSRegeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Breakthrough Therapy Designation status to evinacumab for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in patients with HoFH, an inherited disorder that can lead to premature cardiovascular disease due to very high levels of LDL cholesterol. [Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc announced that it has entered into license agreements with Nippon Shinyaku, Co., Ltd. for Defitelio® and Vyxeos™, or CPX-351, in Japan. [Jazz Pharmaceuticals plc] Press Release | |
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POLICY NEWSCongress and FDA Nominee Heap Love on ‘Adaptive Trials’ As President Donald Trump’s nominee to head FDA, Gottlieb sat before Republican lawmakers hungry for promises of “shorter time frames” for drug and device approvals, and expressed his zeal—repeatedly—for adaptive trial designs. If confirmed to be FDA’s head, as expected, Gottlieb suggested he’d promote wider use of the approach. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Geophysics Society Hopes to Define Sexual Harassment as Scientific Misconduct A major U.S.-based scientific society is on the verge of expanding its definition of research misconduct to include sexual harassment. The American Geophysical Union is making the change to emphasize the serious threat that harassment and other forms of discrimination pose to the scientific enterprise, say society officials. [ScienceInsider] Editorial
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EVENTSNEW Rapid Signaling and Genomic Steroid Hormone Actions in Health and Disease Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
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Home Endothelial Cell News Volume 2.12 | Apr 10 2017