ESC & iPSC News Volume 18.02 | Jan 18 2023

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    2023-01-18 | ESC & iPSC 18.02


    ESC & iPSC News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 18.02 – 18 January, 2023
    TOP STORY

    Macroscopic Quorum Sensing Sustains Differentiating Embryonic Stem Cells

    With mESCs as a testbed, researchers found that differentiating ESCs secreted FGF4 to communicate over many millimeters in cell culture dishes and, thereby, formed a spatially extended, macroscopic entity that grew only if its centimeter-scale population density was above a threshold value.
    [Nature Chemical Biology]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Changes in PRC1 Activity during Interphase Modulate Lineage Transition in Pluripotent Cells

    Scientists showed that recruitment of polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) and associated molecular functions, ubiquitination of H2AK119, and three-dimensional chromatin interactions, were enhanced during S and G2 phases compared to the G1 phase.
    [Nature Communications]

    Full Article

    OGT Controls Mammalian Cell Viability by Regulating the Proteasome/mTOR/ Mitochondrial Axis

    Investigators performed a genome-wide CRISPR–Cas9 screen in mESCs to identify candidates whose depletion rescued the block in cell proliferation induced by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) deficiency.
    [Proceedings Of The National Academy Of Sciences Of The United States Of America]

    AbstractPress Release

    Photoreceptor Laminin Drives Differentiation of Human Pluripotent Stem Cells to Photoreceptor Progenitors That Partially Restore Retina Function

    The authors generated a human recombinant retina-specific laminin isoform, LN523, and demonstrated the role in promoting the differentiation of hESCs into photoreceptor progenitors.
    [Molecular Therapy]

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    A Pluripotent Developmental State Confers a Low Fidelity of Chromosome Segregation

    Scientists investigated the mechanisms responsible for mitotic errors in hPSCs and showed that the primary cause was lagging chromosomes in anaphase with improper merotelic microtubule attachments.
    [Stem Cell Reports]

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    Remodeling of H3K9me3 during the Pluripotent to Totipotent-Like State Transition

    Researchers integrated transcriptome and H3K9me3 profiles to conduct a detailed comparison of 2-cell (2C) embryos and 2C-like cells. They found that H3K9me3 was highly preserved during 2C-like transition.
    [Stem Cell Reports]

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    Zyxin Regulates Embryonic Stem Cell Fate by Modulating Mechanical and Biochemical Signaling Interface

    Using a comparative study of focal adhesion constituents between mESC and their differentiated counterparts, investigators found while zyxin was lowly expressed in mESCs, its levels increased dramatically during early differentiation.
    [Communications Biology]

    Full Article

    Protein Kinase C Modulation Determines the Mesoderm/Extraembryonic Fate under BMP4 Induction from Human Pluripotent Stem Cells

    Researchers demonstrated protein kinase C as an intrinsic master switch between embryonic and extraembryonic cell fates in the differentiation of hPSCs.
    [Stem Cells]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    Implication of E3 Ligase RAD18 in UV-Induced Mutagenesis in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells and Neuronal Progenitor Cells

    Scientists employed Sup F assay for the measurement of mutation frequency after UV-C irradiation in iPSCs as PSC models and neural progenitor cells were derived from iPSCs as differentiated cells.
    [Journal of Radiation Research]

    Full Article
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    REVIEWS

    rDNA Transcription in Developmental Diseases and Stem Cells

    The evidence for rDNA transcriptional activity determining stem cell pluripotency is growing as research advances, resulting in the arrest of embryonic development and impairment of stem cell lines stemness by rDNA transcription inhibition.
    [Stem Cell Reviews and Reports]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    FDA No Longer Needs to Require Animal Tests before Human Drug Trials

    New medicines need not be tested in animals to receive FDA approval, according to legislation signed by President Joe Biden in late December 2022.
    [ScienceInsider]

    Press Release
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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Position – Cell Biology

    Albert Einstein College of Medicine – New York, New York, United States

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    MRC National Institute for Medical Research – Cambridge, England, United Kingdom

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    Pompeu Fabra University – Barcelona, Spain

    Postdoctoral Project – Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Brain Diseases

    Human Technopole – Milan, Italy

    Postdoctoral Associate Positions – Neuroscience and Biomedical research

    Upstate Medical University – Syracuse, New York, United States

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