Hepatic Cell News 3.44 November 22, 2019 | |
| |
TOP STORYNeutralization of Oxidized Phospholipids Ameliorates Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis Targeting oxidized phospholipids (OxPLs) in hyperlipidemic Ldlr−/− mice improved multiple aspects of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, including steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, hepatocyte death, and progression to hepatocellular carcinoma. Mechanistically, researchers found that OxPLs promote ROS accumulation to induce mitochondrial dysfunction in hepatocytes. [Cell Metab] Abstract | Graphical Abstract | |
| |
PUBLICATIONS(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)Upon disease induction, absence of enteric interleukin (IL)-17RA signaling exacerbated hepatitis and hepatocyte cell death. IL-18 was necessary for disease exacerbation and is associated with increased activated hepatic lymphocytes based on Ifng and Fasl expression. [Cell Rep] Abstract | Graphical Abstract Investigators provided evidence linking the coexistence of hepatitis B virus X protein (HBx) and transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) with miR-199a-3p in the malignant transformation of hepatic progenitor cell. The examination of liver cancer specimens demonstrated that HBx and TGF-β1 expression was positively correlated with epithelial cell adhesion molecule and cluster of differentiation 90. [Oncogene] Full Article The authors found that H1 histamine receptor (H1HR) was frequently unregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is significantly associated with both recurrence-free survival and overall survival in HCC patients. Functional experiments revealed that H1HR promoted both the growth and metastasis of HCC cells by inducing cell cycle progression, formation of lamellipodia, production of matrix metalloproteinase 2, and suppression of cell apoptosis. [Oncogene] Full Article Kinesin family member 15 (KIF15) expression was shown to be over-expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, cell lines, and cancer stem cells. Patients with HCC with high KIF15 expression had shortened overall survival and high recurrence probability. Downregulation of KIF15 in vitro as well as in HCC organoids resulted in a significant reduction in sphere formation and expression of stemness-related genes. [Cancer Lett] Full Article An in vitro human liver model of NAFLD by co-culturing human hepatocytes, umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and Kupffer cells (KCs) into spheroids is presented. Analysis of indirect cross-talk using conditioned media between steatotic spheroids-composed of hepatocellular carcinoma-derived cells and HUVECs-and mouse KCs revealed that the latter could be activated showing increased cell area, elevated production of reactive oxygen species, and proinflammatory cytokines. [Adv Healthc Mater] Abstract Initially, the expression patterns of homeobox A11 antisense (HOXA11-AS) and HOXA11 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues, cells, and stem cells were determined. HCC stem cells, successfully sorted from Hep3B and Huh7 cells, were transfected with short hairpin or overexpression plasmids for HOXA11-AS or HOXA11 overexpression and depletion, with an aim to study the influences of these mediators on the self-renewal, proliferation, migration, and tumorigenicity of HCC stem cells in vivo. [Exp Mol Med] Full Article Celastrol Exerts Anti-Inflammatory Effect in Liver Fibrosis via Activation of AMPK-SIRT3 Signaling Scientists investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of celastrol in liver fibrosis and to further reveal mechanisms of celastrol-induced anti-inflammatory effects with a focus on AMPK-SIRT3 signalling. Celastrol showed potent ameliorative effects on liver fibrosis both in activated hepatic stellate cells and in fibrotic liver. [J Cell Mol Med] Full Article Overexpression of p7 trans-regulated protein 3 (P7TP3) in HepG2 cells has significantly repressed the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) xenografts in nude mice. Furthermore, wound-healing tests, transwell assays, matrigel transwell assays, adhesion assays, CCK‐8 assays, flow cytometry and western blotting analysis revealed that P7TP3 protein expression inhibited migration, invasion, adhesion, proliferation and cell cycle progression in HCC cell lines. [Cancer Sci] Abstract TCF19 Promotes Cell Proliferation Through Binding to the Histone H3K4me3 Mark Researchers showed that TCF19 mediated the hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cell proliferation through its Plant Homeodomain (PHD) finger that recognizes trimethylated lysine 4 of Histone 3 (H3K4me3). W316 of the PHD finger of TCF19 was one of the critical residues eliciting this function. Whole genome microarray analysis and orthogonal cell-based assays identified a large subset of genes involved in cell survival and proliferation that depend on TCF19. [Drug Metab Dispos] Abstract Subscribe to one of our other 19 science newsletters such as Intestinal Cell News & Pancreatic Cell News. | |
| |
REVIEWSWestern Diet and the Immune System: An Inflammatory Connection A better understanding of how modern lifestyle and Western diet activate immune cells is essential for the development of efficient preventive and therapeutic strategies for common non-communicable diseases. The authors review the current mechanistic understanding of how the Western lifestyle can induce metaflammation, and they discuss how this knowledge can be translated to protect the public from the health burden associated with their selected lifestyle. [Immunity] Abstract Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the hepatic cell research field. | |
| |
INDUSTRY NEWSDicerna™ Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Novo Nordisk A/S announced an agreement to discover and develop novel therapies for the treatment of liver-related cardio-metabolic diseases using Dicerna’s proprietary GalXC™ RNAi platform technology. The collaboration plans to explore more than 30 liver cell targets and may deliver multiple clinical candidates for disorders including chronic liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and rare diseases. [Dicerna Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release CytoDyn Inc. announced strong positive pre-clinical data highlighting the potential of leronlimab in treating NAFLD, a common precursor to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). These data, along with previous findings showing that leronlimab inhibits liver fibrosis, demonstrates the potential of leronlimab to control both the early and late stages of NASH. [CytoDyn, Inc.] Press Release Alnylam Announces Approval of GIVLAARI™ (Givosiran) by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced that the FDA approved GIVLAARI™ injection for subcutaneous use for the treatment of adults with acute hepatic porphyria (AHP). AHP is a family of ultra-rare, genetic diseases characterized by debilitating, potentially life-threatening attacks and, for some patients, chronic manifestations that negatively impact daily functioning and quality of life. [Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release | |
| |
POLICY NEWSEuropean Data Law Is Impeding Studies on Diabetes and Alzheimer’s, Researchers Warn Finland’s National Institute for Health and Welfare has sent 32,000 DNA samples to the laboratory of Francis Collins, director the US National Institutes of Health. But in May 2018, when European privacy law called the General Data Protection Regulationcame into force, the Finnish institute stopped all data sharing on the project, because NIH could not provide guarantees that would satisfy the institute’s interpretations of the law’s requirements. [ScienceInsider] Editorial Science Funders Gamble on Grant Lotteries Albert Einstein famously insisted that God does not play dice. But the Health Research Council of New Zealand does. The agency is one of a growing number of funders that award grants partly through random selection. Earlier this year, for example, David Ackerley, a biologist at Victoria University of Wellington, received NZ$150,000 (US$96,000) to develop new ways to eliminate cells – after his number came up in the council’s annual lottery. [Nature News] Editorial
| |
EVENTSNEW Advancing Precision Medicine Drug Development: Incorporation of Real-World Data and Other Novel Strategies Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.
| |
JOB OPPORTUNITIESPostdoctoral Researcher – Oncogenic Pathways (University of Liège) Faculty Member – Pathogen-Associated Malignancies (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center) Postdoctoral Fellow – Drug-Induced Liver Injury (Johnson & Johnson) Postdoctoral Researcher – Liver Disease Treatment (University of Southern Denmark) Postdoctoral Researcher – Personalized Medicine (Mayo Clinic Center for Individualized Medicine) Postdoctoral Researcher – Liver Plasticity (University of Southern Denmark) Postdoctoral Scientist – RAS Cancer Biology (Genetech, Inc.) Assistant Professor – Liver Research (The University of Hong Kong) Research Scientist – Fibrosis (Gilead Sciences, Inc.) Principal Researcher – Systems Disease Biology (Boehringer Ingelheim) Recruit Top Talent: Reach potential candidates by posting your organization’s career opportunities on the Connexon Creative Job Board at no cost.
| |
Have we missed an important article or publication in Hepatic Cell News? Click here to submit! Comments or suggestions? Submit your feedback here. | |
|