Human Immunology News Volume 11.08 | Feb 28 2023

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    2023-02-28 | HIN 11.08


    Human Immunology News by STEMCELL Technologies
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    Vol. 11.08 – 28 February, 2023

    Autoimmunity in Down’s Syndrome via Cytokines, CD4 T Cells and CD11c+ B Cells

    To investigate the mechanisms underlying autoimmune susceptibility, researchers mapped the soluble and cellular immune landscape of individuals with Down’s Syndrome.
    [Nature]

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    Dysregulated Lung Stroma Drives Emphysema Exacerbation by Potentiating Resident Lymphocytes to Suppress an Epithelial Stem Cell Reservoir

    Using 3D immune-stem cell organoids, single-cell analysis of human emphysema lungs, and studies in murine models, the authors investigated aberrant tissue-immune interactions in emphysema.
    [Immunity]

    AbstractGraphical AbstractPress Release

    pDC-Like Cells Are Pre-DC2 and Require KLF4 to Control Homeostatic CD4 T Cells

    Scientists identified a previously uncharacterized immune subset, referred to as plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC)-like cells, that not only resembled pDCs but also shared conventional DC features.
    [Science Immunology]

    Full Article

    Glycolysis Drives STING Signaling to Facilitate Dendritic Cell Antitumor Function

    The authors showed that glycolysis drove STING signaling to facilitate dendritic cell (DC)-mediated antitumor immune responses. Tumor-infiltrating DCs exhibited elevated glycolysis, and blockade of glycolysis by DC-specific Ldha/Ldhb double deletion resulted in defective antitumor immunity.
    [Journal Of Clinical Investigation]

    AbstractFull ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Genomic and Immune Landscape of Metastatic Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma

    Scientists showed by genomic profiling of a large cohort of metastatic pheochromocytomas/paragangliomas that high mutational load, microsatellite instability and somatic copy-number alteration burden were associated with ATRX/TERT alterations and were suitable prognostic markers.
    [Nature Communications]

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    Multi-Organ Single-Cell Analysis Reveals an On/Off Switch System with Potential for Personalized Treatment of Immunological Diseases

    Researchers detailed a multi-organ single-cell RNA sequencing of a mouse immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) model, and conducted meta-analyses of human IMIDs as well.
    [Cell Reports Medicine]

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    Microscale Combinatorial Stimulation of Human Myeloid Cells Reveals Inflammatory Priming by Viral Ligands

    Investigators introduced a method that combined antibody-based cell barcoding with parallel droplet processing to automatically formulate cell population × stimulus combinations in a microfluidic device, and they applied it to profile the effects of 512 sequential stimulation conditions on human dendritic cells.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    The HLA Ligandome of Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinomas Reveals Shared Tumor-Exclusive Peptides for Semi-Personalized Vaccination

    Mapping of the oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas human leukocyte antigens (HLA) ligandome was performed by mass spectrometry based analysis of naturally presented HLA ligands isolated from tumor tissue samples (n = 40) using immunoaffinity purification.
    [British Journal Of Cancer]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Senolytics Dasatinib and Quercetin in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: Results of a Phase I, Single-Blind, Single-Center, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial on Feasibility and Tolerability

    Twelve participants with Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis aged >50 years were blinded and randomized at a 1:1 ratio to either receive three weeks of dasatinib and quercetin, or matching placebo.
    [Ebiomedicine]

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    REVIEWS

    Human Intestinal B Cells in Inflammatory Diseases

    Scientists discuss intestinal B cells and their role when a loss of homeostasis results in intestinal and systemic inflammatory diseases.
    [Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology]

    Abstract

    Harnessing Epithelial-Mesenchymal Plasticity to Boost Cancer Immunotherapy

    The authors summarize the emerging role of tumor epithelial-to-mesenchymal plasticity in immune checkpoint blockade resistance and the tumor-intrinsic or extrinsic mechanisms by which tumors exploit this plasticity to achieve immunosuppression and immune escape.
    [Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

    Full Article

    Combining Radiation Therapy with Immune Checkpoint Blockade for the Treatment of Small Cell Lung Cancer

    Investigators discuss the molecular biology underlying radiation-induced tumor immunity as well as pre-clinical and clinical studies combining radiation with immune checkpoint blockade treatments, with a focus on translational and clinical trials in small-cell lung cancer.
    [Seminars In Cancer Biology]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    ASLAN Pharmaceuticals to Advance Novel DHODH Inhibitor Farudodstat Into Phase II Clinical Testing as Potential First-In-Class Treatment for Alopecia Areata

    A Phase II proof-of-concept trial of farudodstat in alopecia areata is expected to start enrolling patients in the United States in the second quarter of 2023.
    [ASLAN Pharmaceuticals]

    Press Release
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    Myeloid Cells: Development, Diversity and Distinct Biological Roles

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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Fellow – Translational Cancer Immunology & Biology

    University of Missouri – Columbia, Missouri, United States

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    Cornell University – Ithaca, New York, United States

    Research Scientist – Asthma, Allergy, and Immunology

    University of Virginia – Charlottesville, Virginia, United States

    Research Assistant – Immunotherapy for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

    National University of Singapore – Singapore, Singapore

    Research Officer – Bioinformatics

    The University of Melbourne – Melbourne, Australia

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