Human Immunology News Volume 11.21 | May 30 2023

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    Laurisa Dohm
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    2023-05-30 | HIN 11.21


    Human Immunology News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 11.21 – 30 May, 2023
    TOP STORY

    Context-Dependent Activation of STING-Interferon Signaling by CD11b Agonists Enhances Anti-Tumor Immunity

    Using tissues from Phase I clinical studies, the authors demonstrated that GB1275 treatment activated STING and STAT1 signaling in tumor-associated macrophages in human tumors.
    [Cancer Cell]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract
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    Canagliflozin Impairs T Cell Effector Function via Metabolic Suppression in Autoimmunity

    Canagliflozin, a type 2 diabetes drug, inhibited T cell receptor signaling, impacting on ERK and mTORC1 activity, concomitantly associated with reduced c-Myc.
    [Cell Metabolism]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Tumor-Intrinsic Sensitivity to the Pro-Apoptotic Effects of IFN-γ Is a Major Determinant of CD4+ CAR T-Cell Antitumor Activity

    With the help of functional intravital imaging, scientists reported that interferon (IFN)-γ production but not perforin-mediated cytotoxicity was the dominant mechanism for tumor elimination by anti-CD19 CD4+ CAR T cells.
    [Nature Cancer]

    Full Article

    Reciprocal Costimulatory Molecules Control the Activation of Mucosal Type 3 Innate Lymphoid Cells during Engagement with B Cells

    Researchers found that inducible T-cell costimulator expression on human innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) was correlated with the activated state of ILC3s.
    [Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

    Full Article

    Intratumoral Erythroblastic Islands Restrain Anti-Tumor Immunity in Hepatoblastoma

    By single-cell RNA sequencing of 13 treatment-naive hepatoblastoma patients, investigators discovered an immune landscape characterized by aberrant accumulation of erythroblastic islands, formed by VCAM1+ macrophages and erythroid cells, which was inversely correlated with survival of hepatoblastoma.
    [Cell Reports Medicine]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    Tissue-Resident Memory CAR T Cells with Stem-Like Characteristics Display Enhanced Efficacy Against Solid and Liquid Tumors

    Scientists identified that a key factor in human tissue-resident memory CAR T cell formation was activation in the presence of the pleotropic cytokine, transforming growth factor β, which enforced a core program of both “stemness” and sustained tissue residency by mediating chromatin remodeling and concurrent transcriptional changes.
    [Cell Reports Medicine]

    Full ArticleGraphical Abstract

    PD-L1 Methylation Restricts PD-L1/PD-1 Interactions to Control Cancer Immune Surveillance

    Investigators showed that PD-L1 K162 methylation was a negative predictive marker for anti–PD-1 treatment in patients with non–small cell lung cancer, and showed that the PD-L1 K162 methylation:PD-L1 ratio was a more accurate biomarker for predicting anti–PD-(L)1 therapy sensitivity.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    Single Cell Profiling at the Maternal–Fetal Interface Reveals a Deficiency of PD-L1+ Non-Immune Cells in Human Spontaneous Preterm Labor

    Among the immune cells, maternal PD1+ CD8 T cell subsets were less abundant in term laboring compared to term non-laboring women. Among the non-immune cells, PD-L1+ maternal (stromal) and fetal (extravillous trophoblast) cells were less abundant in preterm laboring compared to term laboring women.
    [Scientific Reports]

    Full Article
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    REVIEWS

    Localization, Tissue Biology and T Cell State — Implications for Cancer Immunotherapy

    The authors review the intertwined nature of T cell differentiation state, location, survival and function, and explain how dysfunctional T cell populations can adopt features of tissue-resident memory T cells to persist in tumors.
    [Nature Reviews Immunology]

    Abstract

    Evolving Cognition of the JAK-STAT Signaling Pathway: Autoimmune Disorders and Cancer

    Scientists discuss advancements in the understanding of JAK-STAT–related pathogenic mechanisms; targeted JAK-STAT therapies for various diseases, especially immune disorders, and cancers; newly developed JAK inhibitors; and current challenges and directions in the field.
    [Signal Transduction And Targeted Therapy]

    Full Article
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    NIH Toughens Enfrocement of Delayed Clinical Trials Reporting

    The reporting requirement has often been ignored, but this time the agency took an unprecedented step: It told the scientists it wouldn’t approve any more of their research until they fell in line. After that warning and other agency actions, the pair complied, well after the 1-year deadline.
    [Science Insider]

    News Article
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    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

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    Salk Institute – La Jolla, California, United States

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    UMass Chan Medical School – Worcester, Massachusetts, United States

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