Human Immunology News Volume 3.26 | Jul 7 2015

Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type-I Tax Induces the Expression of CD83 on T Cells
Investigators found that CD83 was expressed selectively on Tax1-expressing human CD4⁺ T cells in short-term cultured peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from human T-cell leukemia virus type-I (HTLV-I)⁺ donors, including adult T-cell leukemia patients and HTLV-I carriers. [Retrovirology] Full Article

IFN-λ Is Able to Augment TLR-Mediated Activation and Subsequent Function of Primary Human B Cells
Researchers showed that, similar to IFN-α, IFN-λ1 is able to augment TLR-mediated B cell activation, partially attributed to an upregulation of TLR7 expression, and that both naïve and memory B cells express the limiting type III IFN receptor component, IFN-λR1. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract

Monitoring Regulatory T Cells in Clinical Samples: Consensus on an Essential Marker Set and Gating Strategy for Regulatory T Cell Analysis by Flow Cytometry
Proposed regulatory T cell (Treg) markers were tested to get insight into the overlap/differences between the most frequently used Treg definitions and their utility for Treg detection in various human tissues. [Cancer Immunol Immunother] Full Article

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Depletes Tryptophan, Activates General Control Nonderepressible 2 Kinase and Downregulates Key Enzymes Involved in Fatty Acid Synthesis in Primary Human CD4⁺ T-Cells
The effect of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) on enzymes involved in fatty acid synthesis was evaluated in primary human cells both in MLRs in the presence or not of the IDO inhibitor 1-DL-methyl-tryptophan, and in stimulated CD4⁺ T-cells in the presence or not of the general control nonderepressible 2 kinase activator tryptophanol. [Immunology] Abstract

In Vitro Evidence for Immune-Modulatory Properties of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides: Direct Effect on Human Monocyte Derived Dendritic Cells
Researchers investigated the immune-modulatory potential of non-digestible short chain galacto- and long chain fructo-oligosaccharides mimicking the natural distribution of oligosaccharides in human breast milk in presence or absence of certain lactic acid bacteria strains in human monocyte derived dendritic cells. [PLoS One] Full Article

Tumor-Targeted Human T Cells Expressing CD28-Based Chimeric Antigen Receptors Circumvent CTLA-4 Inhibition
Scientists investigated whether T cells expressing an anti-CD19, CD3 zeta and CD28-based CAR (19-28z) displayed the same proliferation and anti-tumor abilities than T cells expressing a CD3 zeta-based CAR (19z1) costimulated through the CD80/CD28, ligand/receptor pathway. [PLoS One] Full Article

Oxaliplatin Regulates Expression of Stress Ligands in Ovarian Cancer Cells and Modulates Their Susceptibility to Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity
Investigators explored the effects of oxaliplatin, an immunogenic cell death inducer, on the induction of stress ligands and promotion of natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity in human ovarian cancer cells. [Int Immunol] Abstract

Granzyme B Mediated Function of Parvovirus B19-Specific CD4⁺ T Cells
Researchers explored the cytolytic potential of human parvovirus B19-specific T cells by stimulating peripheral blood mononuclear cells with recombinant B19-VP2 virus-like particles. [Clin Transl Immunol] Full Article

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Moleculera Labs Receives Grant from OCAST to Develop Assays to Identify Individuals with Neuropsychiatric Disorders of Autoimmune Origin
Moleculera Labs announced the receipt of a two-year, $300,000 matching grant from the Oklahoma Center for the Advancement of Science and Technology (OCAST). This grant supports the development and clinical validation of new diagnostic testing panels to identify autoantibodies directed against neuronal antigens in patients experiencing neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. [Moleculera Labs (PR Newswire Association LLC)] Press Release

World Leading Research Community in Celiac Disease
Professor Ludvig M. Sollid and his research group have established the true cause of celiac disease. The group has been singled out as one of five world-leading research groups at The University of Oslo, and will receive substantial funding for its international efforts. [The University of Oslo] Press Release

Prima Biomed Receives Positive Scientific Advice from the European Medicines Agency for Its Lead Product, IMP321
Prima BioMed Ltd. announced that it has received positive scientific advice from the European Medicines Agency on the development path for its lead product IMP321 in metastatic breast cancer. [Prima BioMed Ltd.] Press Release

CTCA at Western Launches 3^rd New Clinical Trial Combining Immunotherapy with Chemotherapy
Cancer Treatment Centers of America^® (CTCA) at Western Regional Medical Center has begun a new Phase Ib/II clinical trial using a new immunotherapy treatment for patients with advanced kidney, non-small cell lung cancer, pancreatic cancer and colorectal carcinoma. [Cancer Treatment Centers of America^® (EurekAlert!)] Press Release

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