Human Immunology News Volume 3.48 | Dec 8 2015

Quantitative Proteomics of Gut Derived Th1 and Th1/Th17 Clones Reveal the Presence of CD28⁺ NKG2D^– Th1 Cytotoxic CD4⁺ T Cells
Scientists aimed to identify the proteomes of human Th1 and Th1/Th17 clones derived from intestinal biopsies of Crohn’s disease patients and to identify differentially expressed proteins between the two phenotypes. [Mol Cell Proteomics] Abstract | Full Article

The Long Noncoding RNA IFNG-AS1 Promotes T Helper Type 1 Cells Response in Patients with Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis
The proportion of circulating Th1 cells and the level of T-bet, IFNG mRNA were increased in Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) patients, the expression of IFNG-AS1 was upregulated and positively correlated with the proportion of circulating Th1 cells or T-bet, and IFNG expression, or serum level of anti-thyroglobulin antibody/thyroperoxidase antibody in HT patients. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Coordinated Loss of MicroRNA Group Causes Defenseless Signaling in Malignant Lymphoma
Scientists revealed that multiple B cell receptor signaling factors are persistently regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) in human B cells. Clinical samples from patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma showed loss of an essential miRNA set. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Priming of Qualitatively Superior Human Effector CD8⁺ T Cells Using TLR8 Ligand Combined with FLT3 Ligand
Researchers introduced an original model of in vitro CD8⁺ T cell priming, based on an accelerated dendritic cell coculture system, which uses unfractionated human PBMCs as the starting material. [J Immunol] Abstract

Role of the MHC Restriction during Maturation of Antigen-Specific Human T Cells in the Thymus
Investigators used a tetramer-based enrichment protocol to analyze the ex vivo frequency and activation-phenotype of human thymocytes specific for self, viral and tumor-antigens presented by HLA-A*0201 in individuals expressing or not this allele. [Eur J Immunol] Abstract

The Activation-Induced Assembly of an RNA/Protein Interactome Centered on the Splicing Factor U2AF2 Regulates Gene Expression in Human CD4 T Cells
The authors describe a new model expanding and activating primary human CD4 T cells and applied this to characterizing activation-induced assembly of splicing factors centered on U2AF2. [PLoS One] Full Article

Altered T Lymphocyte Proliferation upon Lipopolysaccharide Challenge Ex Vivo
Investigators aimed to evaluate whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could directly impact lymphocyte function after sepsis. They explored ex-vivo the effect of LPS priming on human T lymphocyte proliferation induced by different stimuli. [PLoS One] Full Article

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Novartis Announces New CTL019 Study Data Demonstrating Overall Response in Adult Patients with Certain Types of Lymphoma
Findings from an ongoing Phase IIa study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of investigational chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy CTL019 in certain types of relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma were presented. [Press release from Novartis AG discussing research presented at the 57^th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, Orlando] Press Release

Gene Therapy Restores Immunity in Children and Young Adults with Rare Immunodeficiency
Gene therapy can safely rebuild the immune systems of older children and young adults with X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency. [Press release from the National Institutes of Health discussing research presented at the 57^th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, Orlando] Press Release

Dynavax Presents Clinical Data from Lead Cancer Immunotherapy Candidate, SD-101
Dynavax Technologies Corporation announced clinical data from an ongoing Phase I/II clinical trial evaluating intratumoral administration of SD-101 in the treatment of low-grade lymphoma. [Press release from Dynavax Technologies Corporation discussing research presented at the 57^th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, Orlando] Press Release

Multiple Myeloma Patient Study Shows Promise for Natural Killer Cells
A first-in-human Phase I study of multiple myeloma patients combined expanded cord blood-derived natural killer cells with transplantation of a patient’s own stem cells and high-dose chemotherapy with little or none of the side effects seen with current treatments. [Press release from MD Anderson Cancer Center discussing research presented at the 57^th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, Orlando] Press Release

Alopexx Oncology Presents Encouraging Phase I/II Clinical Data on DI-Leu16-IL2
Alopexx Oncology, LLC announced data from an ongoing Phase I/II trial of DI-Leu16-IL2, a novel immunocytokine that is a fusion of an anti-CD20 antibody and the cytokine IL2, in patients with relapsed/refractory non-Hodgkin lymphoma. [Press release from Alopexx Oncology, LLC (PR Newswire Association LLC) discussing research presented at the 57^th American Society of Hematology (ASH) Annual Meeting, Orlando] Press Release

Autoimmune Epilepsy Outcomes Depend Heavily on Antibody Type
Two studies explored how different types of autoimmune response elicit markedly different responses in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. [Press release from the American Epilepsy Society (AES) discussing research presented at the 69^th AES Annual Meeting, Philadelphia] Press Release

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Pieris Pharmaceuticals Announces First Cancer Immunotherapy Collaboration
Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc. announced a research collaboration and license agreement with Roche in cancer immunotherapy. Under the terms of the agreement, Pieris will discover, characterize and optimize Anticalin^®-based drug candidates against an undisclosed target. [Pieris Pharmaceuticals, Inc.] Press Release

Making Cancer Care Personal
Researchers at the University of Iowa College of Dentistry are partnering with a private company to develop computer simulations that can help personalize cancer care by predicting how a patient will respond to a drug treatment. [University of Iowa] Press Release

Cuban Cancer Vaccine Extended to Policlinics
The Cuban CIMAVAX EGF therapeutic vaccine produced in the Molecular Engineering Center has begun new clinical testing against lung cancer in policlinics throughout the country. [Molecular Engineering Center (Cuban News Agency)] Press Release

FDA Approves Empliciti, a New Immune-Stimulating Therapy to Treat Multiple Myeloma
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted approval for Empliciti (elotuzumab) in combination with two other therapies to treat people with multiple myeloma who have received one to three prior medications. [U.S. Food and Drug Administration] Press Release

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