Human Immunology News Volume 8.10 | Mar 17 2020

TOP STORY

Immune Profiling of Human Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Identifies a Role for Isolated Lymphoid Follicles in Priming of Region-Specific Immunity

Researchers describe a method for isolating human gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALTs) that allowed unprecedented profiling of the adaptive immune system in submucosal and mucosal isolated lymphoid follicles as well as in GALT-free intestinal lamina propria. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Mass Cytometry and Single-Cell RNA‐seq Profiling of the Heterogeneity in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Interacting with Silver Nanoparticles

Mass cytometry and single-cell RNA-sequencing were complementarily used to investigate the heterogeneous interactions between silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and primary immune cells. Mass cytometry revealed the heterogeneous biodistribution of the positively charged polyethylenimine-coated AgNPs in various cell types and found that monocytes and B cells had higher association with the AgNPs than other populations. [Small] Abstract

CD29 Identifies IFN-γ-Producing Human CD8⁺ T Cells with an Increased Cytotoxic Potential

Unbiased transcriptomics and proteomics analysis on cytokine-producing fixed CD8⁺ T cells revealed that IL-2⁺ cells produced helper cytokines, and that IFN-γ⁺ cells produced cytotoxic molecules. IFN-γ⁺ T cells expressed the surface marker CD29 already prior to stimulation. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Adrenomedullin Insufficiency Alters Macrophage Activities in Fallopian Tube: A Pathophysiologic Explanation of Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy

Using macrophages isolated from the fallopian tubes of women, data revealed that the salpingistis-associated adrenomedullin reduction contributed to aggravated pro-inflammatory responses of the tubal macrophages resulting in production of pro-inflammatory and pro-implantation cytokines IL-6 and IL-8. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract

Bitter Taste Receptors Stimulate Phagocytosis in Human Macrophages through Calcium, Nitric Oxide, and Cyclic-GMP Signaling

Scientists examined mechanisms of bitter taste receptors (T2R) signaling in primary human monocyte-derived unprimed macrophages using live cell imaging techniques. Known bitter compounds and bacterial T2R agonists activated low-level calcium signals through a pertussis toxin-sensitive, phospholipase C-dependent, and inositol trisphosphate receptor-dependent calcium release pathway. [Cell Mol Life Sci] Abstract

Differential Prognostic Impact of CD8⁺ T Cells Based on Human Leucocyte Antigen I and PD-L1 Expression in Microsatellite-Unstable Gastric Cancer

The human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-I expression type was determined by immunohistochemistry of HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C and β2-microglobulin in the centre of the tumor and in the invasive margin of samples from 293 patients. PD-L1 expression and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes density was examined immunohistochemically. [Br J Cancer] Abstract

Lysophosphatidylcholines Inhibit Human Eosinophil Activation and Suppress Eosinophil Migration In Vivo

The authors tested the effects of the major lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species on eosinophils isolated from healthy human donors. Addition of saturated LPCs in the presence of albumin rapidly disrupted cholesterol-rich nanodomains on eosinophil cell membranes and suppressed multiple eosinophil effector responses, such as CD11b upregulation, degranulation, chemotaxis, and downstream signaling. [Biochim Biophys Acta] Full Article

Megakaryocytes Contain Extranuclear Histones and May Be a Source of Platelet-Associated Histones during Sepsis

Scientists showed that megakaryocytes contained extranuclear histones and transferred histones to their platelet progeny. Upon examination of isolated platelets from patients with sepsis, they identified that patients with sepsis had increased amounts of platelet-associated histones, which appeared to be correlated with the type of infection. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Cell-Bound IgE and Plasma IgE as a Combined Clinical Diagnostic Indicator for Allergic Patients

Researchers developed a simple method to detect the level of cell-bound IgE by dissociating it from blood cells with lactic acid. Dissociated cell-bound IgE and plasma IgE levels were detected using the same ELISA kit at the same time. [Sci Rep] Full Article

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Immune Cell-Derived Exosomes in the Cancer-Immunity Cycle

Immune cell-derived exosomes can mediate crosstalk between innate and adaptive immunity and regulate cancer progression and metastasis. The dichotomous roles of immune cell-derived exosomes towards tumor cells can induce suppressive or active immune responses. [Trends Cancer] Abstract

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Kuur Therapeutics Launches to Develop and Commercialize “Off-the-Shelf” CAR-NKT Cell Therapies Targeting Hematological and Solid Tumors

Kuur Therapeutics announced the launch of its new business in partnership with Baylor College of Medicine and Baylor’s Center for Cell and Gene Therapy. Kuur Therapeutics will advance the work of its predecessor, Cell Medica, to develop anti-cancer therapies using its innovative chimeric antigen receptor natural killer T cell (CAR-NKT) therapy platform. [Kuur Therapeutics] Editorial

Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Houston Announce Collaborative Grant Awardees

Baylor College of Medicine and the University of Houston (UH) are teaming up for new research collaborations. The two Texas Medical Center member institutions have awarded grant funding for nine research projects, each with investigators from both schools, as part of a pilot program resulting from a 2019 Memorandum of Understanding between Baylor College of Medicine and UH to foster new partnerships and research collaborations. [Baylor College of Medicine] Press Release

Journals, Peer Reviewers Cope with Surge in COVID-19 Publications

Academic journals have already taken steps to accelerate the flow of peer-reviewed information by expediting editorial and peer review for coronavirus-related manuscripts and granting them open-access status upon publication. [The Scientist] Editorial

Near-Lockdown in the Bay Area ‘Ratchets Up’ Challenges for Local Biotechs and Labs

At the stroke of midnight on Tuesday morning, seven counties in the San Francisco Bay Area went into near-lockdown — ushering in a new reality for biopharma companies and biomedical labs. The “shelter in place” order offers significant leeway for medical research. [STAT News] Editorial

NEW SLAS Europe 2020 Conference and Exhibition
June 2-5, 2020
Vienna, Austria

Visit our events page to see a complete list of events in the community.

NEW Co-Director – Anti-Cancer Immune Response (Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey)

NEW Research Fellow – Mucosal Immunology (University of Michigan)

Faculty Member – Neuro-Oncology (Wake Forest School of Medicine)

Postoctoral Scientist – Molecular and Cellular Immunology (Technical University of Munich)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Adoptive T-Cell Therapies (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy (Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute)

Postdoctoral Researchers – B Lymphocyte Regulation (NIH National Institute on Aging)

Project Leader – Innate Immune Sensing (Helmholtz Institute for RNA-Based Infection Research)

Research Fellow – Angiogenesis in Immune Regulation and Homing (Dana-Farber Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Plasma Cell Development (Western Michigan University)

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