Immune Regulation News Volume 10.07 | Feb 23 2018

TOP STORY

T Cells in Nonlymphoid Tissues Give Rise to Lymph-Node-Resident Memory T Cells

Scientists recently identified resident memory T (Trm) cells within secondary lymphoid organs (SLO), but the origin and phenotype of these cells remains unclear. Using parabiosis of “dirty” mice, they found that CD69 expression is insufficient to infer stable residence of SLO Trm cells. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

A Reappraisal of CTLA-4 Checkpoint Blockade in Cancer Immunotherapy

In CTLA4 gene humanized mice expressing both human and mouse CTLA4 genes, anti-CTLA-4 antibodies that bind to human but not mouse CTLA-4 efficiently induce Treg depletion and Fc receptor-dependent tumor rejection. [Cell Res] Full Article

Effector CD4⁺ T Cells Recognize Intravascular Antigen Presented by Patrolling Monocytes

Scientists showed the process of intravascular antigen recognition using intravital multiphoton microscopy of glomeruli. CD4⁺ T cells underwent intravascular migration within uninflamed glomeruli. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release

Increased Degradation of ATP Is Driven by Memory Regulatory T Cells in Kidney Transplantation Tolerance

The conserved proportion of memory Tregs lead to the establishment of a pro-tolerogenic balance in operationally tolerant patients. Memory Tregs in tolerant patients displayed normal capacity to degrade extracellular ATP/ADP. [Kidney Int] Abstract

Notch Signaling Represents an Important Checkpoint between Follicular T-Helper and Canonical T-Helper 2 Cell Fate

Given the importance of Notch signaling in the establishment of other CD4⁺ T-helper cell subsets, the authors investigated whether canonical Notch activation could differentially impact T follicular helper and T-helper type-2 cell fate during the induction of type-2 immunity. [Mucosal Immunol] Full Article

miR-125b-5p and miR-99a-5p Downregulate Human γδ T-Cell Activation and Cytotoxicity

Researchers profiled the miRNA expression patterns in human peripheral γδ T cells from 21 healthy donors and identified 14 miRNAs that were differentially expressed between peripheral αβ T cells and γδ T cells. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

miR-142-3p Regulates Autophagy by Targeting ATG16L1 in Thymic-Derived Regulatory T Cell (tTreg)

Investigators found the attenuated autophagy status during ex vivo expansion, which lead them to determine whether tTreg cell survival could be augmented by miR-142-3p, the miRNA which is highly expressed in tTreg cells and potentially targets autophagy-related protein-1, ATG16L1. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

Thymic Epithelial Cell-Derived Signals Control B Progenitor Formation and Proliferation in the Thymus by Regulating Let-7 and Arid3a

Scientists showed that in the Foxn1^lacZ thymus, although the down-regulation of Lin28 in thymocytes was normal, up-regulation of Let-7 was impaired. [PLoS One] Full Article

Allograft Dendritic Cell p40 Homodimers Activate Donor-Reactive Memory CD8⁺ T Cells

Memory CD8⁺ T cell activation within allografts subjected to prolonged cold ischemic storage required memory CD4⁺ T cell stimulation of graft DCs to produce p40 homodimers, but not IL-12 p40/p35 heterodimers. [JCI Insight] Full Article

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Delicate Regulation of the cGAS–MITA-Mediated Innate Immune Response

The authors summarize recent progress on the regulation of the cyclic GMP–AMP synthase (cGAS)–MITA/STING-mediated innate immune response to DNA viruses at the organelle-trafficking, post-translational and transcriptional levels. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

Pitt, UPMC Announce $200 Million Immunotherapy Investment, Creation of Innovation Facility

The University of Pittsburgh (Pitt) and University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) announced plans to establish the new UPMC Immune Transplant and Therapy Center, with much of its activity planned within an eight-story innovation hub—all part of a concerted effort to harness the power of the human immune system to treat and cure a wide range of diseases. [The University of Pittsburgh Medical Center] Press Release

Kite, a Gilead Company, and Sangamo Therapeutics Announce Collaboration to Develop Next-Generation Engineered Cell Therapies for the Treatment of Cancer

Kite and Sangamo Therapeutics, Inc. announced the companies have entered into a worldwide collaboration using Sangamo’s zinc finger nuclease technology platform for the development of next-generation ex vivo cell therapies in oncology. [Sangamo Therapeutics, Inc.] Press Release

Astellas Acquires Universal Cells, Inc.

Astellas Pharma Inc. and Universal Cells, Inc. announced that Astellas has acquired Universal Cells. [Astellas Pharma Inc.] Press Release

MSD and Viralytics Announce Acquisition Agreement, Expanding MSD’s Leading Immuno-Oncology Pipeline

Merck & Co., Inc. (MSD) and Viralytics Limited announced that the companies have signed a definitive agreement under which it is proposed that MSD, through a subsidiary, will acquire Viralytics. [Viralytics Limited] Press Release

One of the Most Powerful Science Policy Jobs in Brussels Changes Hands

It’s the end of an era at the European Commission’s research department: The most powerful civil servant in Brussels’s science policy circles, Director-General for Research and Innovation Robert-Jan Smits, is leaving his post. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Half of Canada’s Government Scientists Still Feel Muzzled

More than half of government scientists in Canada—53%—do not feel they can speak freely to the media about their work, even after Prime Minister Justin Trudeau’s government eased restrictions on what they can say publicly, according to a survey released by a union that represents more than 16,000 federal scientists. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

U.K. Scientists Increasingly Anxious about Brexit Confusion

With the second phase of Brexit negotiations approaching, scientists in the United Kingdom are urging their government to clarify its position on funding agreements and migration of research talent after the country separates from the European Union in March 2019. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Meet the Scientists Running to Transform Congress in 2018

The first big test for the cohort of science candidates comes on 6 March, when Texas holds the nation’s first primary elections. Several candidates are running to become Democratic nominees in that Lone Star state’s House districts. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

NEW EMBO-EMBL Symposia: Innate Immunity in Host-Pathogen Interactions
June 24-27, 2018
Heidelberg, Germany

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NEW Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology and iPSCs (Stanford University)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Associate Position – Tumor Immunology/Immunotherapy (Duke Cancer Institute)

Postdoctoral Scientist Opportunities – Biomedical Research (Cedars-Sinai)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immune Checkpoint Therapy (Canadian Nuclear Laboratories)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Myeloid Cells and Type I Interferon Responses (The Wistar Institute)

Laboratory Head – In Vivo Pharmacology (Boehringer Ingelheim)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Regulation of Platelet Mediated Complications (NYU School of Medicine)

Research Scientist – Cellular and Translational Immunology (University of Virginia)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Immunology (Pennsylvania State University)

Postdoctoral Training Opportunity – Infection and Immunity (Institut Pasteur of Shanghai – Chinese Academy of Sciences)

Assistant, Associate, or Full Member – Cancer Immunology (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Research Fellow Position – Immunology Research (ShanghaiTech University)

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