Immune Regulation News Volume 10.35 | Sep 14 2018

TOP STORY

Differential IL-2 Expression Defines Developmental Fates of Follicular versus Nonfollicular Helper T Cells

Using reporter mice, investigators found that differential production of IL-2 by naïve CD4⁺ T cells defined precursors fated for different immune functions. [Science] Abstract | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

An Immunoregulatory and Tissue-Residency Program Modulated by c-MAF in Human T_H17 Cells

Researchers characterized two human CD4⁺ T_H17 helper cell subsets that, in the recently activated state, could be distinguished on the basis of their expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Sox12 Promotes T Reg Differentiation in the Periphery during Colitis

Investigators showed that the expression of Sox12, a member of SoxC family, is significantly induced in T reg cells in colitic mice. They also showed that TCR-NFAT signaling induces Sox12 expression in CD4⁺ T cells. [J Exp Med] Abstract

mRNA Vaccination with Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters Elicits Human T Cell Responses and Cures Established Tumors in Mice

Scientists demonstrated in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells that CART vaccines can activate a robust antigen-specific immune response against mRNA-encoded viral epitopes. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

The Ciliary Machinery Is Repurposed for T Cell Immune Synapse Trafficking of LCK

The authors showed that phosphorylation of the LCK activating Y394, despite modestly increasing its catalytic rate, dramatically focuses LCK localization to the immune synapse. [Dev Cell] Full Article

RNAi-Mediated β-Catenin Inhibition Promotes T-Cell Infiltration and Anti-Tumor Activity in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Blockade

In syngeneic mouse tumor models, β-catenin inhibition with DCR-BCAT significantly increased T-cell infiltration and potentiated the sensitivity of the tumors to checkpoint inhibition. [Mol Ther] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Quillaja brasiliensis Saponin-Based Nanoparticulate Adjuvants Are Capable of Triggering Early Immune Responses

Scientists showed that, when used as a viral vaccine adjuvant, QB-90 promotes an “immunocompetent environment”. In addition, QB-90 and IMXQB-90 induce immune-cells recruitment at draining-lymph nodes and spleen. [Sci Rep] Full Article

Inception of Early-Life Allergen-Induced Airway Hyperresponsiveness Is Reliant on IL-13⁺CD4⁺ T Cells

Researchers demonstrated that both recombinant interleukin-33 and allergen exposure from day three of life resulted in significantly increased pulmonary IL-13⁺CD4⁺ T cells, which were indispensable for the development of airway hyperresponsiveness. [Sci Immunol] Abstract

Clonal Expansion of Vaccine-Elicited T Cells Is Independent of Aerobic Glycolysis

In contrast to responses against infectious challenge, T cell responses induced via adjuvanted subunit vaccination are dependent on interleukin-27 (IL-27). Researchers showed that subunit vaccine-elicited cellular responses are also dependent on IL-15, again in contrast to the infectious response. [Sci Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

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Cross-Talk between Lung Cancer and Bones Results in Neutrophils that Promote Tumor Progression

Recently, by using state-of-the-art technologies, including in vivo sophisticated Cre/loxP technologies in combination with lung tumor models, it was revealed that osteoblasts activate neutrophils that promote tumor growth in the lung. [Cancer Metastasis Rev] Abstract

Recording the Wild Lives of Immune Cells

Researchers discuss approaches for single-cell imaging of adaptive and innate immune cells to explore how they migrate, communicate, and mediate regulatory or effector functions in various tissues throughout the body. [Sci Immunol] Abstract

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OSE Immunotherapeutics Announces Issuance of a European Patent Protecting FR104, CD28-Antagonist Immunotherapy

OSE Immunotherapeutics SA has strengthened its intellectual property rights for the developmental product FR104 through the granting of a patent by the European Patent Office. [OSE Immunotherapeutics SA] Press Release

Replimune Announces FDA Acceptance of Investigational New Drug Application for Its Lead Oncolytic Immunotherapy Candidate, RP1

Replimune Group Inc. announced the FDA has accepted the Company’s investigational new drug application for its lead product candidate, RP1, for patients with solid tumors. [Replimune Group Inc.] Press Release

Alkermes Initiates Clinical Evaluation of Novel Immuno-Oncology Drug Candidate ALKS 4230 in Combination with PD-1 Inhibitor Pembrolizumab

Alkermes plc announced that it has expanded its ongoing Phase I study for ALKS 4230 to evaluate its safety and anti-tumor activity when administered in combination with the FDA-approved PD-1 inhibitor KEYTRUDA^® in patients with advanced solid tumors. [Alkermes plc] Press Release

Compugen Announces First Patient Dosed with COM701, a First-in-Class Cancer Immunotherapy Antibody, in Phase I Clinical Trial

Compugen Ltd. announced that the first patient has been dosed in its Phase I clinical trial of COM701, a first-in-class cancer immunotherapy antibody targeting PVRIG. [Compugen Ltd. (PR Newswire Association, LLC.)] Press Release

NIH Gets $2 Billion Boost in Final 2019 Spending Bill

Congress has approved a $2 billion raise, to $39.1 billion, for the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in a 2019 spending bill approved by House of Representatives and Senate negotiators. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Patients vs. Paywalls: Is the U.S. Ready for Open-Access Publishing?

Scientific publishing giant Elsevier recently came under fire after its director of scholarly communications, William Gunn, wrote a controversial tweet in response to a post that “people shouldn’t have to jump through hoops” to access important medical research. [STAT News] Editorial

Ten Years after the Economic Crash, R&D Funding Is Better Than Ever

The funding by businesses dipped after the crash, offset in some regions by rises in government funding. [Nature News] Editorial

Europe’s Academics Fail to Report Results for 90% of Clinical Trials

European academics are failing abysmally when it comes to reporting the results of clinical trials, a study has revealed. An analysis of data from the European Union’s Clinical Trial Register — published in The BMJ — shows that around 50% of the listed trials have not complied with guidelines that say results must be reported within 12 months. [Nature News] Editorial

NEW AACR: Melanoma: From Biology to Target
January 15-18, 2019
Houston, Texas, United States

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NEW Research Technologist – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

NEW Institute Group Leader – Lymphocyte Biology (MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Research Technologist – Cell Separation (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Faculty Position – Immunology (Vanderbilt University Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (University of Nantes)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Foxp3+ T-Regulatory in Autoimmunity and Transplantation (Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia)

Postdoctoral Position – B-Cell Memory (Institut Necker-Enfants Malades)

Postdoctoral Fellowships – Immunology and Single-Cell Transcriptomic Analysis (Luxembourg Institute of Health)

Postdoctoral Fellow/Research Scientist – Cancer Research (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai)

Department Chair – Inflammation & Immunity (Cleveland Clinic – Lerner Research Institute)

Research Associate – Innate Immune Response to Bacterial Infection (Imperial College London)

Faculty Position – Aging and the Immune System (Mayo Clinic)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Immunology, Inflammation and Aging (German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunotherapy (California Institute for Biomedical Research)

PhD Student – Cellular Immunotherapy (Glycostem Therapeutics)

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