Immune Regulation News Volume 11.29 | Aug 9 2019

TOP STORY

Locally Renewing Resident Synovial Macrophages Provide a Protective Barrier for the Joint

Scientists found that dynamic membrane-like structures, consisting of a distinct population of CX3CR1⁺ tissue-resident macrophages, formed an internal immunological barrier at the synovial lining and physically seclude the joint. [Nature] Abstract

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

Opposing Functions of Interferon Coordinate Adaptive and Innate Immune Responses to Cancer Immune Checkpoint Blockade

Researchers showed that while inhibiting tumor interferon-gamma (IFNG) signaling decreased interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in cancer cells, it increased ISGs in immune cells by enhancing IFNG produced by exhausted T cells (T_EX). In tumors with favorable antigenicity, these T_EX mediated rejection. [Cell] Abstract | Press Release | Graphical Abstract

GDF15 Is an Inflammation-Induced Central Mediator of Tissue Tolerance

The authors found that inflammation induced growth and differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), and that GDF15 was necessary for surviving both bacterial and viral infections, as well as sepsis. [Cell] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Functional Reprogramming of Regulatory T Cells in the Absence of Foxp3

Investigators demonstrated that Foxp3 deficiency dysregulated metabolic checkpoint kinase mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 signaling and gave rise to augmented aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Glycerol Phosphate Shuttle Enzyme GPD2 Regulates Macrophage Inflammatory Responses

Scientists found that in macrophages activated by bacterial lipopolysaccharide, mitochondrial glycerol 3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPD2) regulated glucose oxidation to drive inflammatory responses. [Nat Immunol] Abstract

Programming of Distinct Chemokine-Dependent and -Independent Search Strategies for Th1 and Th2 Cells Optimizes Function at Inflamed Sites

Researchers showed T-helper (Th) cell differentiation imposed discrete motility gene programs that shape Th1 and Th2 cell navigation of the inflamed dermis. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

Slc6a8-Mediated Creatine Uptake and Accumulation Reprogram Macrophage Polarization via Regulating Cytokine Responses

Genetic, genomic, metabolic, and immunological analyses revealed that creatine reprogrammed macrophage polarization by suppressing M(interferon-γ) yet promoting M(interleukin-4) effector functions. [Immunity] Abstract | Graphical Abstract

CMIP Is a Negative Regulator of T Cell Signaling

Researchers showed that the selective T cell expression of CMIP, a new adapter protein, by targeted transgenesis drove T cells toward a naïve phenotype. [Cell Mol Immunol] Abstract

CXCR2 Expression on Granulocyte and Macrophage Progenitors under Tumor Conditions Contributes to Mo-MDSC Generation via SAP18/ERK/STAT3

In CXCR2-deficient tumor-bearing mice, granulocyte and macrophage progenitor cells exhibited fewer macrophage and dendritic cell progenitor cells than wild-type tumor-bearing mice, thereby decreasing monocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cell expansion. [Cell Death Dis] Full Article

High Glucose Environments Interfere with Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophage Inflammatory Mediator Release, the TLR4 Pathway and Glucose Metabolism

Investigators examined how hyperglycemia, a common aspect of diabetes, modulated bone marrow-derived macrophages under an inflammatory stimulus. [Sci Rep] Full Article

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ILC Regulation of T Cell Responses in Inflammatory Diseases and Cancer

The authors focus on recent advances in understanding the mechanisms of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in regulating T cell responses in inflammatory diseases and cancer. [Semin Immunol] Full Article

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SELLAS Announces Completion of Enrollment in Randomized Phase II VADIS Trial of Nelipepimut-S (NPS) in Women with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) of the Breast

SELLAS Life Sciences Group, Inc. announced completion of enrollment in a Phase II randomized investigator-sponsored trial of NPS in combination with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor in women with DCIS of the breast who are HLA-A2⁺ or A3⁺ positive, express HER2 at IHC 1⁺, 2⁺, or 3⁺ levels, and are pre- or post-menopausal. [SELLAS Life Sciences Group, Inc.] Press Release

FDA Clears IND for Mustang Bio’s MB-102 (CD123 CAR T)

Mustang Bio, Inc. announced that the FDA has approved the company’s Investigational New Drug (IND) application to initiate a multi-center Phase I/II clinical trial of MB-102 in acute myeloid leukemia, blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm and high-risk myelodysplastic syndrome. [Mustang Bio, Inc.] Press Release

UK Announces Fast-Track Visa to Recruit Top Scientists

British Prime Minister Boris Johnson has announced a new fast-track visa to attract elite scientists to live and work in the UK, in light of the nation leaving the European Union later this year. “I want the UK to continue to be a global science superpower, and when we leave the EU we will support science and research and ensure that, far from losing out, the scientific community has a huge opportunity to develop and export our innovation around the world,” Johnson said in a statement. [The Scientist] Editorial

UC Faculty Protest Elsevier by Suspending Work for Cell Press

Faculty members at a number of University of California (UC) schools have stopped serving on the editorial boards of journals published by Cell Press in protest of its parent company, Elsevier, not having reached a deal with UC for access to its publications. The 31 signatories of a letter to Elsevier, posted August 7^th online, write that unless Elsevier and UC can agree upon a new contract, they will not serve on the boards of Cell, Neuron, Immunity, Current Biology, and others. [The Scientist] Editorial

NEW From Stem Cell Biology to New Therapies
November 6-8, 2019
Toronto, Ontario, Canada

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NEW Postdoctoral Position – Cell Death, Inflammation and Immunity (University Hospital of Cologne)

Scientific Communications Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate – Human Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Human Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Research Associate – Immune Cell Culture (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Professorship – Innate Immunity and Cardiovascular Repair (Goethe University Frankfurt am Main)

Staff Scientist – Lead Immunotherapy Bioinformatician (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Assistant Professor – Neuro-Immune/Neuro-Pharmacological Interactions (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Position – Computational Single-Cell Biology (Max Planck Institute of Immunobiology and Epigenetics)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Quantitative Microscopy of Immune Cells (National Institute on Aging)

Associate or Full Professor – Neuro-Immune/Neuro-Pharmacological Interactions (University of Pennsylvania)

Postdoctoral Fellow – TCR Immunology/Immune Therapy (The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center)

Senior Scientist – Immuno-Oncology of Hematologic Malignancies (University of Kansas School of Medicine)

Postdoctoral Position – Immunology of Enteric Infections (University of Utah)

Assistant, Associate, or Full Professor – Cancer Immunotherapy/Tumor Immunology (University of California, Irvine)

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