By combining multicolour ‘Brainbow’ cell-fate mapping and sequencing of immunoglobulin genes from single cells, scientists found that 5–10% of gut-associated germinal centres from specific-pathogen-free mice contained highly dominant ‘winner’ B cell clones at steady state, despite rapid turnover of germinal-centre B cells. [Nature]
The authors present a proton-driven nanotransformer-based vaccine, comprised of a polymer–peptide conjugate-based nanotransformer and loaded antigenic peptide. [Nature Nanotechnology]
Researchers identified a unique granulocyte subset, with characteristics of an immature neutrophil, that had neuroprotective properties and drove central nervous system axon regeneration in vivo, in part via secretion of a cocktail of growth factors. [Nature Immunology]
Using a model of cutaneous allergen exposure, investigators showed that allergens directly activated TRPV1+ sensory neurons leading to itch and pain behaviors. [Immunity]
Using multiple orthotopic tumor mouse models resistant to anti-PD-L1-therapy, scientists tested the hypothesis that in situ induction and activation of tumor-residing conventional type-1 dendritic cells (cDC1s) overcomes poor T-cell infiltration. [Nature Communications]
Scientists report a non-conventional, T cell-intrinsic function for Nod2 in suppression of Th17 immunity and experimental uveitis. [Nature Communications]
Researchers observed that induced Treg, but not natural Treg, significantly inhibited the invasion of collagen-induced arthritis-synovial fibroblasts in both extracellular matrix gel and collagen gel condition. [Science Advances]
Using coculture experiments and statistical analyses, researchers discovered a general property for the combinatorial sensing of microbial signals, whereby the effects of triplet combinations of microbial signals on immune responses could be predicted by combining the effects of single and pairs. [Cell Systems]
To determine if Hhex was intrinsically required throughout NK cell development or for NK cell function, scientists generated mice that specifically lacked Hhex in NK cells. [Cell Reports]
Scientists found that the metabolic sensor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was highly expressed in type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) of the lung and adipose tissue and increased responsiveness to IL-33. [Mucosal Immunology]
To understand how TEPP-46 and DASA-58 alter T cell function, scientists assessed their therapeutic activity in a mouse model of T cell–mediated autoimmunity that mimics multiple sclerosis. [Science Signaling]
The authors introduce an overview of macrophage and extracellular vesicle (EV) biology, and primarily focus on current findings and future perspectives with respect to the pathological and therapeutic effects of macrophage-EVs in various diseases. [Cell Death & Disease]
Scientists look into the advancements in microfluidic technologies applied to research on immune checkpoint blockade treatment and its potential shift from proof-of-principle stage to clinical application. [Cancer Gene Therapy]
Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Inc. completed enrollment in its Phase I/IIb study of ARQ-252, a potent and highly selective topical small molecule inhibitor of Janus kinase type 1, in adult patients with chronic hand eczema. Arcutis updated its projections and now anticipates announcing topline data from this trial by mid-2021. [Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Inc.]
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