Immune Regulation News Volume 13.35 | Sep 19 2021

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    2021-09-17 | IRN 13.35


    Immune Regulation News by STEMCELL Technologies
    Vol. 13.35 – 17 September, 2021
    TOP STORY

    Serum Amyloid A Delivers Retinol to Intestinal Myeloid Cells to Promote Adaptive Immunity

    Researchers showed that low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 mediated cell surface binding and the endocytosis of serum amyloid A-retinol complexes in cultured cells.
    [Science]

    Abstract
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    PUBLICATIONSRanked by the impact factor of the journal

    Simultaneous Targeting of TGF-β/PD-L1 Synergizes with Radiotherapy by Reprogramming the Tumor Microenvironment to Overcome Immune Evasion

    Investigators reported that a bifunctional fusion protein that simultaneously inhibited TGF-β and PD-L1, bintrafusp alfa, effectively synergized with radiotherapy, leading to superior survival in multiple therapy-resistant murine tumor models with poor immune infiltration.
    [Cancer Cell]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    A Small-Molecule SUMOylation Inhibitor Activates Antitumor Immune Responses and Potentiates Immune Therapies in Preclinical Models

    Ex vivo treatment of mouse and human dendritic cells promoted their IFN1-dependent activation, and vaccination studies in mice demonstrated stimulation of antigen cross-presentation and T cell priming in vivo.
    [Science Translational Medicine]

    Abstract

    Attenuation of Peripheral Serotonin Inhibits Tumor Growth and Enhances Immune Checkpoint Blockade Therapy in Murine Tumor Models

    Serotonin enhanced expression of PD-L1 on mouse and human cancer cells in vitro via serotonylation, which is the formation of covalent bonds between glutamine residues and serotonin, resulting in activation of small G proteins.
    [Science Translational Medicine]

    Abstract

    Requirement of RORα for Maintenance and Anti-Tumor Immunity of Liver-Resident Natural Killer Cells/ILC1s

    Investigators found high expression of RORα in liver-resident NK cells/ILC1s. Mice with conditional ablation of Rora in LrNK cells/ILC1s and conventional NK (cNK) cells had decreased LrNK cells/ILC1s but normal numbers of cNK cells.
    [Hepatology]

    Abstract

    Macrophage MST1/2 Disruption Impairs Post-Infarction Cardiac Repair via LTB4

    Using LysMCre-mediated mammalian STE20-like protein kinase 1/2 (Mst1/2)-deficient mice, researchers found that MST1 deficiency exacerbated cardiac dysfunction after myocardial infarction.
    [Circulation Research]

    Abstract

    High-Salt Diet Mediates Interplay between NK Cells and Gut Microbiota to Induce Potent Tumor Immunity

    The authors reported that high-salt diet induced natural killer cell–mediated tumor immunity by inhibiting PD-1 expression while enhancing IFNγ and serum hippurate.
    [Science Advances]

    Full ArticlePress Release

    Switchable Immune Modulator for Tumor-Specific Activation of Anticancer Immunity

    Researchers demonstrated a chemical approach, termed “switchable” immune modulator, to limit the systemic exposure and therefore ameliorate their toxicities.
    [Science Advances]

    Full Article

    FLT3L Release by NK Cells Enhances Response to Radioimmunotherapy in Preclinical Models of HNSCC

    Investigators combined radiation, immunotherapies, genetic mouse models, and antibody depletion experiments to identify the role of NK cells in overcoming resistance to radiation therapy in orthotopic models of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
    [Clinical Cancer Research]

    Abstract

    The Macrophage Odorant Receptor Olfr78 Mediates the Lactate-Induced M2 Phenotype of Tumor-Associated Macrophages

    Olfr78 functioned together with Gpr132 to mediate lactate-induced generation of protumoral M2-tumor-associated macrophages. Syngeneic Olfr78-deficient mice exhibited reduced tumor progression and metastasis together with an increased anti- versus protumoral immune cell population.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Abstract

    Interleukins 4 and 13 Drive Lipid Abnormalities in Skin Cells through Regulation of Sex Steroid Hormone Synthesis

    Scientists showed that in atopic dermatitis, IL-4 and IL-13 stimulated the expression of 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1, a key rate-limiting enzyme in sex steroid hormone synthesis, predominantly expressed by sebaceous glands in human skin.
    [Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America]

    Abstract

    SRSF1 Plays a Critical Role in Invariant Natural Killer T Cell Development and Function

    Researchers reported that serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) intrinsically regulated invariant natural killer T cell development by directly targeting Myb and balancing the abundance of short and long isoforms.
    [Cellular & Molecular Immunology]

    Abstract

    Science is demanding. That's why scientists work smart.
    REVIEWS

    Peripheral and Central Immune System Crosstalk in Alzheimer Disease – a Research Prospectus

    The authors present a roadmap that defines important next steps needed to overcome conceptual and methodological challenges, opportunities for future interdisciplinary research, and suggestions for translating promising mechanistic studies into therapeutic interventions.
    [Nature Reviews Neurology]

    Abstract

    Senescent Immune Cells Release Grancalcin to Promote Skeletal Aging

    Mechanistically, investigators found that grancalcin binds to the plexin-b2 receptor and partially inactivated its downstream signaling pathways, thus repressing osteogenesis and promoting adipogenesis of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells.
    [Cell Metabolism]

    AbstractGraphical Abstract

    MicroRNA Regulation of B Cell Receptor Signaling

    Scientists focus on the role of miRNAs in the regulation of B cell receptor signaling as it pertains to B lymphocyte development and function.
    [Immunological Reviews]

    Abstract
    INDUSTRY AND POLICY NEWS

    New Study Will Assess Impact of COVID-19 Vaccination on Canadians with Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease

    More than 7 million Canadians suffer from immune-mediated inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, psoriasis, and related conditions. The COVID-19 Immunity Task Force and Vaccine Surveillance Reference Group will supporting a nationwide study that will assess COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness, safety and vaccine hesitancy in this potentially vulnerable group of people.
    [COVID-19 Immunity Task Force]

    Press Release

    Foundation Awards Research Projects Focused on Diagnosis, Treatment

    The Sjögren’s Foundation has awarded a total of $200,000 to four US research projects focused on identifying diagnostic biomarkers and improving treatment of Sjögren’s syndrome. The foundation’s Research Grants Program “places a high priority on both clinical and basic scientific research into the cause, prevention, detection, treatment, and cure for Sjögren’s, with opportunities open to both junior and senior-level investigators,” the foundation stated when announcing the grant recipients.
    [Sjogren’s Syndrome News]

    Press Release
    FEATURED EVENT

    Scandinavian Society for Immunology 50th Anniversary Meeting (SSI)

    October 19 – 22, 2021
    Aarhus, Denmark

    > See All Events

    JOB OPPORTUNITIES

    Postdoctoral Associate – Mucosal Immunology

    Scripps Research Florida – Jupiter, Florida, United States

    Postdoctoral Researcher – Lung Immunology

    Karolinska Institutet – Stockholm, Sweden

    Postdoctoral Fellowship – Innate Immune Regulation

    Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research – Indianapolis, Indiana, United States

    Research Technician – Autoimmune Diseases

    Benaroya Research Institute at Virginia Mason – Seattle, Washington, United States

    Research Assistant – GI Research Institute

    GI Research Institute – Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    > See All Jobs

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