Immune Regulation News Volume 3.45 | Dec 9 2011

The Intraepithelial T Cell Response to NKG2D-Ligands Links Lymphoid Stress Surveillance to Atopy
Scientists found that antigens encountered at the same time as cutaneous epithelial stress induced strong primary and secondary systemic, T helper 2–associated atopic responses in mice. [Science] Abstract | Press Release

Control of B Cell Development by the Histone H2A Deubiquitinase MYSM1
In this study, researchers revealed that the histone H2A deubiquitinase MYSM1 plays an essential and intrinsic role in early B cell development. [Immunity] Abstract

The Role of Gr1⁺ Cells after Anti-CD20 Treatment in Type 1 Diabetes in Nonobese Diabetic Mice
In this study, investigators showed that temporary B cell depletion induced the expansion of Gr1⁺CD11b⁺ cells. Gr1⁺CD11b⁺ cells not only directly suppress diabetogenic T cell function but also can induce regulatory T cell differentiation in a TGF-ß-dependent manner. [J Immunol] Abstract

Type I IFN-Dependent T Cell Activation Is Mediated by IFN-Dependent Dendritic Cell OX40 Ligand Expression and Is Independent of T Cell IFNR Expression
Scientists show that the type I IFNR dependence of the CD4⁺ T cell response is accounted for exclusively by defects in dendritic cell activation. [J Immunol] Abstract

The Cytokine Midkine and its Receptor RPTPζ Regulate B Cell Survival in a Pathway Induced by CD74
In this study, researchers describe a novel biological mechanism essential for survival and homeostasis of normal peripheral mature B cells and chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells, regulated by the heparin-binding cytokine, midkine, and its proteoglycan receptor, the receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase ζ (RPTP ζ). [J Immunol] Abstract

New Insights on OX40 in the Control of T Cell Immunity and Immune Tolerance In Vivo
In this study, investigators demonstrate that OX40 engagement in vivo in naive mice induces initial expansion of Foxp3⁺ regulatory T cells (Tregs), but the expanded Tregs have poor suppressive function and exhibit features of exhaustion. [J Immunol] Abstract

Histamine H₄ Receptor Optimizes T Regulatory Cell Frequency and Facilitates Anti-Inflammatory Responses within the Central Nervous System
Mechanistically, scientists show that H₄R plays a role in determining the frequency of T regulatory (TR) cells in secondary lymphoid tissues, and regulates TR cell chemotaxis and suppressor activity. [J Immunol] Abstract

Microbial Infection-Induced Expansion of Effector T Cells Overcomes the Suppressive Effects of Regulatory T Cells via an IL-2 Deprivation Mechanism
Researchers identify a cell-intrinsic mechanism by which effector CD4⁺ T cells overcome the suppressive effects of regulatory T cells in the context of three distinct infections: Toxoplasma gondii, Listeria monocytogenes, and vaccinia virus. [J Immunol] Abstract

Leukocyte-Associated Ig-Like Receptor-1-Deficient Mice Have an Altered Immune Cell Phenotype
The observations indicate that leukocyte-associated Ig-like receptor-1 plays a role in regulating immune cells and suggest that any adverse effects of its absence may be balanced in vivo by other inhibitory receptors. [J Immunol] Abstract

Optimizing a Photoallodepletion Protocol for Adoptive Immunotherapy after Haploidentical SCT
In a preclinical study, investigators determined the efficacy of photodynamic purging of alloreactive T cells, by investigating combinations of parameters in order to achieve maximum allodepletion, preservation of T-regulatory cells and of pathogen and leukemia-specific T-cell responses in donor-vs-recipient MLR. [Bone Marrow Transplant] Abstract

Galena Biopharma Presents Phase II Trial Design for NeuVax™ (E75 + GM-CSF) Combined with Herceptin^® (Trastuzumab) at the 34th Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium
Galena Biopharma presented the trial design for the upcoming Phase II combination trial with NeuVax™ (E75 plus GM-CSF) and Herceptin^® (trastuzumab; Genentech/Roche). [Press release from Galena Biopharma discussing research presented at the 34th Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium, San Antonio] Press Release

MDxHealth Enters Agreement with Celldex for Use of MGMT Epigenetic Test in Phase III Rindopepimut Study in Brain Cancer
MDxHealth SA announced that it has entered into an agreement with Celldex Therapeutics, Inc. [MDxHealth SA] Press Release

Immunomedics Announces Outcome of 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders
Immunomedics, Inc. announced that stockholders of the Company elected all seven nominees to serve as directors of the Company until the next annual meeting; approved the executive compensation by non-binding advisory vote; approved every one year as the frequency for the non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation by non-binding advisory vote; and ratified the selection of Ernst & Young LLP as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm for the current fiscal year. [Immunomedics, Inc.] Press Release

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Food and Drug Administration (United States)

Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency (United Kingdom)

Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

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