Immune Regulation News Volume 4.38 | Oct 5 2012

Adenoma-Linked Barrier Defects and Microbial Products Drive IL-23/IL-17-Mediated Tumour Growth
Investigators showed that interleukin (IL)-23 signaling promotes tumour growth and progression, and development of a tumoural IL-17 response. IL-23 is mainly produced by tumour-associated myeloid cells that are likely to be activated by microbial products, which penetrate the tumours but not adjacent tissue. [Nature] Abstract

The p110d Isoform of the Kinase PI(3)K Controls the Subcellular Compartmentalization of TLR4 Signaling and Protects from Endotoxic Shock
In dendritic cells, scientists found that the p110d isoform of phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI(3)K) induced internalization of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and dissociation of TIRAP from the plasma membrane, followed by calpain-mediated degradation of TIRAP. [Nat Immunol] Abstract | Press Release

Subsets of Nonclonal Neighboring CD4⁺ T Cells Specifically Regulate the Frequency of Individual Antigen-Reactive T Cells
After an immune response, the expanded population of antigen-specific CD4⁺ T cells contract to steady state levels. Researchers found that the contraction is neither cell-autonomous nor mediated by competition for generic trophic factors, but regulated by relatively rare subsets of neighboring CD4⁺ T cells not necessarily of a conventional regulatory T cell lineage. [Immunity] Abstract

The Escherichia coli Heat-Labile Enterotoxin B Subunit Protects from Allergic Airway Disease Development by Inducing CD4⁺ Regulatory T Cells
Data demonstrated that the B subunit of E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin modulates the differentiation of allergen-specific T cells causing inducible T regulatory cell induction and preventing disease. [Mucosal Immunol] Abstract

Mouse CD11b⁺Gr-1⁺ Myeloid Cells Can Promote Th17 Cell Differentiation and Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis
Researchers showed that development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice is associated with a profound expansion of CD11b⁺Gr-1⁺ myeloid-derived suppressor cells, which display efficient T cell inhibitory functions in vitro. [J Immunol] Abstract

SAP Is Required for the Development of Innate Phenotype in H2-M3-restricted CD8⁺ T Cells
Using both polyclonal and transgenic mouse models, scientists demonstrated that although M3-restricted T cells are capable of developing in the absence of Signaling lymphocyte activation molecule-associated protein (SAP), SAP is required for hematopoietic cell-mediated selection, development of preactivated phenotype, and heightened effector functions of M3-restricted T cells. [J Immunol] Abstract

Reduced Numbers of Dendritic Cells with a Tolerogenic Phenotype in the Prediabetic Pancreas of NOD Mice
Investigators studied CD8a⁺ DCs in the pancreas and pLNs of NOD and control mice, focusing on molecules associated with tolerance induction. mRNA expression levels of tolerance-modulating cytokines were studied in pancreatic CD8a⁺ DCs of NOD and control mice. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract

Treatment of Autoimmune Inflammation by a TLR7 Ligand Regulating the Innate Immune System
These experiments indicated that repeated doses of a toll-like receptor (TLR)7 ligand may desensitize dendritic cells in lymphoid organs, leading to diminished T cell responses. This treatment strategy might be a new modality to treat T cell mediated autoimmune diseases. [PLoS One] Full Article

Pivotal Role for Monocytes/Macrophages and Dendritic Cells in Maternal Immune Response to the Developing Embryo in Cattle
Researchers described the characterization of the immune response of the bovine maternal endometrium to the presence of a developing embryo, with specific emphasis on the macrophage and dendritic cell populations and associated factors, using quantitative real time PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. [Biol Reprod] Abstract

TGF-ß-Associated miR-27a Inhibits Dendritic Cell-Mediated Differentiation of Th1 and Th17 Cells by TAB3, p38 MAPK, MAP2K4 and MAP2K7
miR-27a hampered the dendritic cell (DC)-mediated differentiation of Th1 and Th17 cells in vitro and in vivo, but it promoted the DC-mediated accumulation of Tr1 (CD4⁺IL-10⁺) and Treg cells in vivo. [Genes Immun] Abstract

Immunovative, Inc. Announces Collaboration with the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center at the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
Immunovative, Inc. announced that Immunovative Therapies, Ltd. and the Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center at the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine have agreed to collaborate on the clinical development of its two lead immunotherapy drugs, AlloStim™ and AlloVax™. [Immunovative, Inc.] Press Release

Loyola Testing Melanoma Treatment that Boosts Patient’s Immune System to Fight Deadly Cancer
Loyola University Medical Center has launched the first clinical trial in the Midwest of an experimental melanoma treatment that genetically engineers a patient’s immune system to fight the deadly cancer. A batch of the immune system’s killer T cells will be removed from the patient and genetically modified in a Loyola lab. Two genes will be inserted into the T cells so that they will recognize tumor cells as abnormal. [Loyola Medicine] Press Release

First Patient in Dendreon EU Open-Label Study Begins Sipuleucel-T Infusion Treatment
Dendreon Corporation announced the first patient enrollment and initiation of treatment for the sipuleucel-T European Union (EU) open-label study. The open-label study is being conducted in European men with metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer to describe product release parameters and report on safety in a European population. [Dendreon Corporation] Press Release

NewLink Genetics Launches Adaptive Design Phase IIB/III Clinical Trial of tergenpumatucel-L Immunotherapy in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
NewLink Genetics Corporation announced the launching of an open-label, randomized, multi-institutional adaptive design Phase IIB/III study to evaluate efficacy of its tergenpumatucel-L (HyperAcute® Lung) product candidate in patients with progressive or relapsed Stage-IIIB/IV non-small cell lung cancer. [NewLink Genetics Corporation] Press Release

National Institutes of Health (United States)

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Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (United States)

European Medicines Agency (European Union)

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Therapeutic Goods Administration (Australia)

Research Technologist – Media Development (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Research Technologist – Research and Development (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Scientific Communications & Publishing Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Quality Control Operations Coordinator (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Product Manager – Hematopoietic (STEMCELL Technologies, Inc.)

Postdoctoral Position – Immunology (San Raffaele Scientific Institute)

Postdoctoral Positions – Immunity and Inflammation (CNRS & University of Toulouse, France)

Research Associate – Quality Assurance (University of California)

Postdoctoral Research Fellow (Singapore Immunology Network [A*STAR])

Postdoctoral & PhD Student Positions – NK Cell-Based Anti-Cancer Immunotherapies (Medical University of Vienna)

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