Immune Regulation News Volume 9.38 | Oct 6 2017

TOP STORY

Foxp3⁺ Tregs Are Recruited to the Retina to Repair Pathological Angiogenesis

Investigators showed that retinopathy regulatory T cells are transiently increased in lymphoid organs and the retina, but decline when neovascularization is established. The decline is prevented following regulatory T cells expansion with an IL-2/anti-IL-2 mAb complex or the adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells. [Nat Commun] Full Article | Press Release

(Ranked by impact factor of the journal)

ICAMs Support B Cell Interactions with T Follicular Helper Cells and Promote Clonal Selection

Scientists used in vivo B cell competition models and intravital imaging to examine the adhesive mechanisms governing B cell selection for germinal center colonization. They found that intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and ICAM-2 on B cells are essential for long-lasting cognate T follicular helper–B cell interactions and efficient selection of low-affinity B cell clones for proliferative clonal expansion. [J Exp Med] Abstract

FOXO1 Opposition of CD8⁺ T Cell Effector Programming Confers Early Memory Properties and Phenotypic Diversity

Researchers found that naive TCF7 expression is FOXO1 independent, early postinfection they report bimodal, FOXO1-dependent expression of the memory-essential transcription factor TCF7 in pathogen-specific CD8⁺ T cells. [Proc Natl Acad Sci USA] Abstract

Increasing Tumor-Infiltrating T Cells through Inhibition of CXCL12 with NOX-A12 Synergizes with PD-1 Blockade

The authors investigated the potential of CXCL12 inhibition by use of the clinical-stage L-RNA-aptamer NOX-A12 to increase the number of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. They used heterotypic tumor-stroma spheroids that mimic a solid tumor with a CXCL12-abundant TME. [Cancer Immunol Res] Abstract | Press Release | Full Article

PI3Kgamma Activates Integrin Alpha4 and Promotes Immune Suppressive Myeloid Cell Polarization during Tumor Progression

The authors showed that integrin alpha4 promotes immunosuppressive polarization of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and tumor-associated macrophages downstream of PI3Kγ, thereby inhibiting antitumor immunity. [Cancer Immunol Res] Abstract | Full Article

Generation of RORγt⁺ Antigen-Specific T Regulatory 17 Cells from Foxp3⁺ Precursors in Autoimmunity

Researchers report that RORγt⁺ Treg cells were found in lymph nodes following immunization. Not only distinct from intestinal RORγt⁺ Treg cells in their transcriptomes, peripheral RORγt⁺ Treg cells were derived from Foxp3⁺ thymic Treg cells in an antigen-specific manner. [Cell Rep] Full Article | Graphical Abstract

Spleen-Derived IFN-γ Induces Generation of PD-L1⁺-Suppressive Neutrophils during Endotoxemia

Investigators demonstrated that, similar to what was found in humans, murine endotoxemia results in the influx of a subset of PD-L1⁺ neutrophils in the circulation, and incubation of mouse neutrophils with recombinant IFN-γ profoundly increases PD-L1 expression. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract

Differentiation Stage-Specific Effect of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors on the Expression of RORγT in Human Lymphocytes

Scientists found that, in Jurkat T cells and in in vitro–differentiated Th17 cells, treatment with 2 HDAC inhibitors, butyrate and apicidin, led to the induction of the RORγT gene, which was associated with an increase in histone H4 acetylation near the RORγT proximal promoter. [J Leukoc Biol] Abstract

DCs Facilitate B Cell Responses against Microbial DNA via DC-SIGN

Researchers investigated the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to bind and internalize extracellular E. coli DNA as well as synthetic DNA. [PLoS One] Full Article

Upregulation of Bacterial-Specific Th1 and Th17 Responses that Are Enriched in CXCR5⁺ CD4⁺ T Cells in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

The authors examined the Th1 and Th17 responses toward several bacterial antigens, in CD4⁺ T cells sourced from the peripheral blood, the lung cancer tissue, and the gastrointestinal tract of non-small cell lung cancer patients. [Int Immunopharmacol] Abstract

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Targeting the Renin-Angiotensin System to Improve Cancer Treatment: Implications for Immunotherapy

The authors review clinical data on the benefit of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors in primary and metastatic tumors and propose that, by activating immunostimulatory pathways, these inhibitors can enhance immunotherapy of cancer. [Sci Transl Med] Full Article

Visit our reviews page to see a complete list of reviews in the immune regulation research field.

WindMIL Therapeutics Announces New Cancer Immunotherapy Approach Based on Marrow-Infiltrating Lymphocytes

WindMIL Therapeutics presented its novel approach to harnessing a patient’s immune system to treat solid and liquid cancers. [Press release from WindMIL Therapeutics (Business Wire, Inc.) discussing research presented at The Cell & Gene Meeting on the Mesa, La Jolla] Press Release

Siamab Therapeutics and Boehringer Ingelheim Announce Strategic Cancer Immunology Discovery Collaboration to Develop Antibody Therapeutics Targeting Multiple Solid Tumors

Siamab Therapeutics, Inc. and Boehringer Ingelheim announced that they have entered into a strategic discovery collaboration with the goal of developing anti-cancer therapeutics targeting tumor associated carbohydrate antigens. [Siamab Therapeutics, Inc. (Business Wire, Inc.)] Press Release

Selexis SA and Pelican Therapeutics Sign Agreement to Advance Pelican’s Immunotherapy Clinical Programs

Selexis SA and Pelican Therapeutics announced that they have entered into a service agreement to advance the development of Pelican’s proprietary immunotherapy clinical candidates. [Selexis SA] Press Release

MD Anderson and BridgeBio Pharma Launch Navire Pharma to Develop Targeted Therapy for Patients with Difficult-to-Treat Cancer

The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and BridgeBio Pharma announced the launch of Navire Pharma, a biopharmaceutical company aimed at developing novel small-molecule inhibitors of a tyrosine-protein phosphatase called SHP2 for genetically driven and treatment-resistant cancer. [The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center] Press Release

Navajo Nation Reconsiders Ban on Genetic Research

When the Navajo Nation opens its first oncology centre next year in Tuba City, Arizona, clinicians there may be able to offer a service that has been banned on tribal lands for 15 years: analyzing the DNA of Navajo tribe members to guide treatments and study the genetic roots of disease. [Nature News] Editorial

Does Your State Get Its Fair Share of Federal Research Dollars?

The only physicist in Congress has introduced a bill (H.R. 3763) that could rekindle a debate over how to deal with geographic disparities in the allocation of federal research funding. [ScienceInsider] Editorial

Scientists Plead with Brazilian Government to Restore Funding

Anxiety is growing in Brazil over the country’s collapsing research budgets. President Michel Temer had slashed funding for science by 44% in March and has proposed additional decreases for 2018 — even as some science institutes run out of money for basic needs, such as paying electricity bills. The 2017 science budget, at 3.2 billion reais (US$1 billion), is the lowest the country has seen in at least 12 years. [Nature News] Editorial

Judge Recommends Ruling to Block Internet Access to Sci-Hub

The American Chemical Society (ACS) brought a case against Sci-Hub, a pirate site providing access to scientific articles, for copyright and trademark infringement. Following a hearing at a court in Virginia, Magistrate Judge John Anderson filed a report that recommended ruling in favor of ACS on all counts. [The Scientist] Editorial

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March 15-17, 2018
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NEW Postdoctoral Researcher – Tumor Immune Microenvironment (Columbia University)

Research Technologist – Immunotherapy (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Scientist – Immunology (STEMCELL Technologies Inc.)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (University of Rochester Medical Center)

Postdoctoral Fellow – Immunology (University of California, Los Angeles)

Research Scientist – Immuno-Oncology (Kymab Ltd)

Postdoctoral Researcher – Development of Immune System (Lund University)

Postdoctoral Fellowship – Immunology (University of Georgia)

Postdoctoral Research Fellows – Systems Immunology (University of Oslo)

Postdoctoral Scholar – Regulation of Immune Responses (University of Iowa)

Research Fellow Position – Immunology Research (ShanghaiTech University)

Mouse Scientist – T Cell-Based Therapy (Tessa Therapeutics Pte Ltd.)

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